听力题[此试题无题干]

听力题 A lot of people in the United States are coffee drinkers. Over the last few years, a trend has been developing to introduce premium, specially blended coffees—known as "gourmet coffees" —into the American market. Boston seems to have been the birthplace of this trend. In fact, major gourmet coffee merchants from other cities like Seattle and San Francisco came to Boston, where today they''re engaged in a kind of "coffee war" with Boston''s merchants. They are all competing for a significant share of the gourmet coffee market. Surprisingly, the competition among these leading gourmet coffee businesses will not hurt any of them. Experts predict that the gourmet coffee market in the United States is growing and will continue to grow, to the point that gourmet coffee will soon capture half of what is now a 1.5-million-dollar market and will be an 8-million-dollar market. Studies have shown that coffee drinkers who convert to gourmet coffee seldom go back to the regular brands found in supermarkets. As a result, these brands will be the real losers in the gourmet coffee competition. A lot of people in the United States are coffee drinkers. Over the last few years, a trend has been developing to introduce premium, specially blended coffees—known as "gourmet coffees" —into the American market. Boston seems to have been the birthplace of this trend. In fact, major gourmet coffee merchants from other cities like Seattle and San Francisco came to Boston, where today they''re engaged in a kind of "coffee war" with Boston''s merchants. They are all competing for a significant share of the gourmet coffee market. Surprisingly, the competition among these leading gourmet coffee businesses will not hurt any of them. Experts predict that the gourmet coffee market in the United States is growing and will continue to grow, to the point that gourmet coffee will soon capture half of what is now a 1.5-million-dollar market and will be an 8-million-dollar market. Studies have shown that coffee drinkers who convert to gourmet coffee seldom go back to the regular brands found in supermarkets. As a result, these brands will be the real losers in the gourmet coffee competition.

听力题M: Uh, could I borrow a few dollars until payday

听力题Alan: Come in! Sally: Hi Alan—I just wondered if you would like to come out for a coffee. Alan: Oh, hi, Sally. I was just writing a letter. Sally: Writing a letter! Is your phone out of order? Alan: No—well, not exactly a letter. Alex has applied for a job at children''s summer camp, and they''ve asked me for a character reference. Sally: Oh dear—you''re not going to tell them the truth, are you? Alan: What do you mean? Sally: Well, that he''s a big-headed show-off who never does a day''s work. Alan: Oh, come on, he''s not that bad—I mean, kids love him. He''s always entertaining his little brother''s friends with his magic tricks. Sally: Oh, yes, he''s great with children, but he''s big kid himself, isn''t he? Alan: Yes, I suppose he is a bit immature. Sally: And I hope they don''t expect him to work before four o''clock in the afternoon. You know what he''s like—he needs a bomb under him to get him up in the morning. Alan: Mm. Sally: Also, he hates taking orders from anybody. Do you remember that job he had last summer in a restaurant? He ended up throwing a bucket of water over the chef when she asked him to wash the kitchen floor. Alan: Oh no, don''t remind me. But he did run that restaurant single-handed when the chef and two of the waiters were off sick with food poisoning. Sally: That''s true. He''s good in a crisis. Now shall we go and get some coffee? Alan: All right. Alan: Come in! Sally: Hi Alan—I just wondered if you would like to come out for a coffee. Alan: Oh, hi, Sally. I was just writing a letter. Sally: Writing a letter! Is your phone out of order? Alan: No—well, not exactly a letter. Alex has applied for a job at children''s summer camp, and they''ve asked me for a character reference. Sally: Oh dear—you''re not going to tell them the truth, are you? Alan: What do you mean? Sally: Well, that he''s a big-headed show-off who never does a day''s work. Alan: Oh, come on, he''s not that bad—I mean, kids love him. He''s always entertaining his little brother''s friends with his magic tricks. Sally: Oh, yes, he''s great with children, but he''s big kid himself, isn''t he? Alan: Yes, I suppose he is a bit immature. Sally: And I hope they don''t expect him to work before four o''clock in the afternoon. You know what he''s like—he needs a bomb under him to get him up in the morning. Alan: Mm. Sally: Also, he hates taking orders from anybody. Do you remember that job he had last summer in a restaurant? He ended up throwing a bucket of water over the chef when she asked him to wash the kitchen floor. Alan: Oh no, don''t remind me. But he did run that restaurant single-handed when the chef and two of the waiters were off sick with food poisoning. Sally: That''s true. He''s good in a crisis. Now shall we go and get some coffee? Alan: All right.

听力题 Every country tends to accept its own way of life as being the normal one and to praise or criticize others as they are similar to or different from it. And unfortunately, our picture of the people and the way of life of other countries is often a distorted one. Here is a great argument in favor of foreign travel and learning a foreign language. It is only by traveling in, or living in a country and getting to know its people and their language that one can find out what a country and its people are really like. And how different the knowledge one gains this way frequently turns out to be different from the second-hand information gathered from other sources! How often we find that foreigners whom we thought to be such different people from ourselves are not very different after all! Differences between peoples do of course exist and, one hopes, will always continue to do so. The world would be a dull place indeed when all different nationalities behave exactly alike, and some people might say that we are rapidly approaching this state of affairs. With the ease of travel, there might seem to be some truth in this at least as far as Europe is concerned. However this may be, at least the greater ease of travel today, has revealed to more people than ever before that the Englishman or Frenchman or German is not some different kind of animal from ourselves. Every country tends to accept its own way of life as being the normal one and to praise or criticize others as they are similar to or different from it. And unfortunately, our picture of the people and the way of life of other countries is often a distorted one. Here is a great argument in favor of foreign travel and learning a foreign language. It is only by traveling in, or living in a country and getting to know its people and their language that one can find out what a country and its people are really like. And how different the knowledge one gains this way frequently turns out to be different from the second-hand information gathered from other sources! How often we find that foreigners whom we thought to be such different people from ourselves are not very different after all! Differences between peoples do of course exist and, one hopes, will always continue to do so. The world would be a dull place indeed when all different nationalities behave exactly alike, and some people might say that we are rapidly approaching this state of affairs. With the ease of travel, there might seem to be some truth in this at least as far as Europe is concerned. However this may be, at least the greater ease of travel today, has revealed to more people than ever before that the Englishman or Frenchman or German is not some different kind of animal from ourselves.

听力题M: Could I have my bill, please? W: Certainly

听力题In recent years

听力题In order for a chemical to be considered a drug

听力题M: Hi, Karen

听力题[此试题无题干]

听力题W: Today''s guest on "Science Update" is David Brown. Dr. Brown, you and your team have found bacteria far below the Earth''s surface. You must be thrilled about your discovery. M: Well, yes, it''s very exciting. For a long time, we''d suspected the presence of such organisms, but we lacked substantial evidence. W: How did you confirm the existence of the bacteria? M: Well, technology helped. Our drilling techniques have improved significantly, and so the risk that surface bacteria could be mistaken for those found at much greater depth was reduced. With the new techniques, we could get much deeper into the Earth. W: How far down did you actually get? M: In one case, about three kilometers. We were surprised, I must tell you, that there were organisms that far down. W: You know, it sounds like fiction, something like a lost world. M: Let''s call it a hidden biosphere, and it''s probably a very extensive one. The mass of the living organisms below the surface may be equal in size to the mass of the surface bacteria. W: Have you found any unique life-forms? M: Yes. One of the organisms is the first anaerobic bacillus ever discovered. That means it can live and grow only where there is no oxygen. W: Is there any danger of these bacteria infecting people when you bring them to the surface? M: The bacteria in question were adapted to an environment that''s hostile and alien to humans. Conversely, these anaerobic bacteria could not survive in our environment. So we really don''t need to worry about these bacteria causing illnesses in people. W: Today''s guest on "Science Update" is David Brown. Dr. Brown, you and your team have found bacteria far below the Earth''s surface. You must be thrilled about your discovery. M: Well, yes, it''s very exciting. For a long time, we''d suspected the presence of such organisms, but we lacked substantial evidence. W: How did you confirm the existence of the bacteria? M: Well, technology helped. Our drilling techniques have improved significantly, and so the risk that surface bacteria could be mistaken for those found at much greater depth was reduced. With the new techniques, we could get much deeper into the Earth. W: How far down did you actually get? M: In one case, about three kilometers. We were surprised, I must tell you, that there were organisms that far down. W: You know, it sounds like fiction, something like a lost world. M: Let''s call it a hidden biosphere, and it''s probably a very extensive one. The mass of the living organisms below the surface may be equal in size to the mass of the surface bacteria. W: Have you found any unique life-forms? M: Yes. One of the organisms is the first anaerobic bacillus ever discovered. That means it can live and grow only where there is no oxygen. W: Is there any danger of these bacteria infecting people when you bring them to the surface? M: The bacteria in question were adapted to an environment that''s hostile and alien to humans. Conversely, these anaerobic bacteria could not survive in our environment. So we really don''t need to worry about these bacteria causing illnesses in people.

听力题It is often claimed that nuclear energy is something we cannot do without. We live in a consumer society where there is an enormous demand for commercial products of all kinds. (36)_________, an increase in industrial production is considered to be one solution to the problem of (37)_________ unemployment. Such an increase (38)_________ an abundant and cheap energy supply. Many people believe that nuclear energy provides an (39)_________and economical source of power and that it is (40) _________essential for an industrially developing society. There are a number of other advantages in the use of nuclear energy. Firstly, nuclear power, except for accidents, is clean. A further advantage is that a nuclear power station can be run and (41)_________by relatively few technical and administrative staff. The nuclear reactor (42)_________an enormous step in our scientific evolution and, whatever the anti-nuclear group says, it is wrong to expect a return to more (43)_________sources of fuel. However, (44)_________________________. Furthermore, it is questionable whether ultimately nuclear power is a cheap source of energy. There have, for example, been very costly accidents in America, in Britain and, of course, in Russia. The possibility of increases in the cost of uranium in addition to the cost of greater safety provisions could price nuclear power out of the market. (45) _________________________. Thus, if we wish to survive, we cannot afford nuclear energy. In spite of the case against nuclear energy outlined above, nuclear energy programmes are expanding. (46) _________________________. However, it is doubtful whether this growth will or can continue. Having weighed up the arguments on both sides, it seems there are good economic and ecological reasons for sources of energy other than nuclear power.

听力题 Diamonds are the hardest substance known on Earth and they make sparkling jewelry as well as sawblades that can cut through pretty much anything. They form deep within the Earth''s mantle layer (about 200 km deep) when atoms of the element carbon arrange themselves into a lattice under huge amounts of pressure from the load of rocks above. Recently, geologists studying diamonds have identified the ages of thousands of diamonds from Southern Africa, where the mineral is most abundant. Their research found that there were only three times in Earth''s history when diamonds were made and that the Earth no longer makes diamonds like it used to. Something was different then. Perhaps the planet was hotter on the inside, or the composition of the rocks was subtly different. "Whatever it was it has changed now," stated Steve Shirey of the Carnegie Institution in Washington, D.C., one of the project researchers. The oldest diamonds were made 3.3 billion years ago when Earth was relatively young. The second time diamonds formed was 2.9 billion years ago. The youngest diamonds on Earth are 1.2 billion years old although a few smaller diamonds are about 100 million years old. Small bits of rock within those diamonds, called impurities , indicate that they probably formed from rocks laid down in a shallow sea suggesting that the carbon that made the diamonds probably came from the remains of ancient sea life. Some people like diamonds because they are pretty, rare, or expensive but Dr. Steve Shirey has a different perspective. "I think of diamonds," he said, "as being tiny time capsules that encase a little piece of rock protecting it for billions of years and providing us with a unique window on ancient times." Diamonds are the hardest substance known on Earth and they make sparkling jewelry as well as sawblades that can cut through pretty much anything. They form deep within the Earth''s mantle layer (about 200 km deep) when atoms of the element carbon arrange themselves into a lattice under huge amounts of pressure from the load of rocks above. Recently, geologists studying diamonds have identified the ages of thousands of diamonds from Southern Africa, where the mineral is most abundant. Their research found that there were only three times in Earth''s history when diamonds were made and that the Earth no longer makes diamonds like it used to. Something was different then. Perhaps the planet was hotter on the inside, or the composition of the rocks was subtly different. "Whatever it was it has changed now," stated Steve Shirey of the Carnegie Institution in Washington, D.C., one of the project researchers. The oldest diamonds were made 3.3 billion years ago when Earth was relatively young. The second time diamonds formed was 2.9 billion years ago. The youngest diamonds on Earth are 1.2 billion years old although a few smaller diamonds are about 100 million years old. Small bits of rock within those diamonds, called impurities , indicate that they probably formed from rocks laid down in a shallow sea suggesting that the carbon that made the diamonds probably came from the remains of ancient sea life. Some people like diamonds because they are pretty, rare, or expensive but Dr. Steve Shirey has a different perspective. "I think of diamonds," he said, "as being tiny time capsules that encase a little piece of rock protecting it for billions of years and providing us with a unique window on ancient times."

听力题 It was a glorious day when Steve Dobson realized the mountain climbing gene planted deep in his soul had been passed on to his daughter, Liza. The father and daughter have become quite a team, and in early August they made their fourth trip to Colorado for what has become an annual tradition for them. When Steve was a young man and a student at Bluffton College, he had the opportunity to take a mountain climbing class for credit. The class gave him the chance to not only learn about mountains, but also his first trip west to actually be in the mountains. It was love at first sight. "I loved being in the mountains," he said. "Being on top of the mountain was an unbelievable experience." But life took him in another direction. Fast forward a few years and Steve found himself living in Maysville with a family and the owner of D.H. Resorts in Fleming County. Steve, his wife, and two children frequently headed west to Colorado for family vacations to go snow skiing. Four years ago they made their first trip to Colorado as a family in the summer. The active family spent part of that vacation hiking on trails, enjoying summer in the mountains. It gave Steve an idea. "I got the idea that we would climb a mountain as a family." He chose a mountain that was just over 12,000 feet, and since he hadn''t tried it since he was in college, he wasn''t sure how difficult it would be. "Mountain climbing is not easy," he said. "It''s not a hike in the woods. But it''s also not as technical as rock climbing." It was a glorious day when Steve Dobson realized the mountain climbing gene planted deep in his soul had been passed on to his daughter, Liza. The father and daughter have become quite a team, and in early August they made their fourth trip to Colorado for what has become an annual tradition for them. When Steve was a young man and a student at Bluffton College, he had the opportunity to take a mountain climbing class for credit. The class gave him the chance to not only learn about mountains, but also his first trip west to actually be in the mountains. It was love at first sight. "I loved being in the mountains," he said. "Being on top of the mountain was an unbelievable experience." But life took him in another direction. Fast forward a few years and Steve found himself living in Maysville with a family and the owner of D.H. Resorts in Fleming County. Steve, his wife, and two children frequently headed west to Colorado for family vacations to go snow skiing. Four years ago they made their first trip to Colorado as a family in the summer. The active family spent part of that vacation hiking on trails, enjoying summer in the mountains. It gave Steve an idea. "I got the idea that we would climb a mountain as a family." He chose a mountain that was just over 12,000 feet, and since he hadn''t tried it since he was in college, he wasn''t sure how difficult it would be. "Mountain climbing is not easy," he said. "It''s not a hike in the woods. But it''s also not as technical as rock climbing."

听力题W: Well, what did you do

听力题M: Hi, Sarah, what’s up? W: Oh, hi

听力题"Fingers were made before forks

听力题W: 45-21-64. Bonjour (French)

听力题 Some students at the Open University left school 20 years ago. Others are younger but all must be at least 21 years old. This is one example of how the Open University is different from all other universities. Its students must either work full-time or be at home all day, for instance, mothers of families. They do not have to pass any examinations before they are accepted as students. This is why the university is called "open". The university was started in order to help a known group—people who missed having a university education when they were young. The first name for the Open University was "the University of the Air". The idea was to teach "on the air", in other words, on radio and television. Most of the teaching is done like this. Radio and television have brought the classroom into people''s homes. But this, on its own, is not enough for a university education. The Open University student also receives advice at one of 283 study centers in the country. Thirty-six weeks of the year he has to send written work to a "tutor", the person who guides his studies. He must also spend three weeks every summer as a full-time student. Tutors and students meet and study together, as in other universities. At the end of the Open University''s first year, the results were good. Three out of every four students passed their examinations. If they do this every year, they will finish their studies in four or five years. Some students at the Open University left school 20 years ago. Others are younger but all must be at least 21 years old. This is one example of how the Open University is different from all other universities. Its students must either work full-time or be at home all day, for instance, mothers of families. They do not have to pass any examinations before they are accepted as students. This is why the university is called "open". The university was started in order to help a known group—people who missed having a university education when they were young. The first name for the Open University was "the University of the Air". The idea was to teach "on the air", in other words, on radio and television. Most of the teaching is done like this. Radio and television have brought the classroom into people''s homes. But this, on its own, is not enough for a university education. The Open University student also receives advice at one of 283 study centers in the country. Thirty-six weeks of the year he has to send written work to a "tutor", the person who guides his studies. He must also spend three weeks every summer as a full-time student. Tutors and students meet and study together, as in other universities. At the end of the Open University''s first year, the results were good. Three out of every four students passed their examinations. If they do this every year, they will finish their studies in four or five years.

听力题 Bees are very small animals which fly through the air to look for flowers for food. Bees have been studied by Karl von Frisch who won a Nobel Prize for his work. He studied bees'' activities when they returned to their home called a hive. When a bee found some food, it returned to the hive and danced. The dance was the way the bee communicated to other bees the fact that it had found food. Bees do two kinds of dances to tell other bees of their discovery of food. First, there is a round dance. In this dance, the bee moves in a circle inside the hive. The round dance is used when food is close by. The food must not be more than ten meters away. If a bee comes back and does round dance, other bees know they must go out and look nearby for food. The bees also smell the bee that has found the food. The smell tells them what kind of flower to look for. After watching the round dance and smelling the bee that has found the food, the other bees can find the food source. A second kind of dance done by the bees is a tail-wagging dance. In this dance, the bee wiggles the end of its body as it moves in a straight line. The tail-wagging dance is used when the food is far away. The food must be more than ten meters away. The bees know from the speed of the tail-wagging dance just how far away the food source is. The line the bee dances on shows the direction that the bees must fly in to find the food. In the tail-wagging dance, the bees also smell the bee that has found the food. The smell tells them what kind of flower to look for. After watching the tail-wagging dance and smelling the bee that has found the food, the other bees know three things. They know how far to fly, what direction to fly in, and what kinds of flowers to look for. Bees are very small animals which fly through the air to look for flowers for food. Bees have been studied by Karl von Frisch who won a Nobel Prize for his work. He studied bees'' activities when they returned to their home called a hive. When a bee found some food, it returned to the hive and danced. The dance was the way the bee communicated to other bees the fact that it had found food. Bees do two kinds of dances to tell other bees of their discovery of food. First, there is a round dance. In this dance, the bee moves in a circle inside the hive. The round dance is used when food is close by. The food must not be more than ten meters away. If a bee comes back and does round dance, other bees know they must go out and look nearby for food. The bees also smell the bee that has found the food. The smell tells them what kind of flower to look for. After watching the round dance and smelling the bee that has found the food, the other bees can find the food source. A second kind of dance done by the bees is a tail-wagging dance. In this dance, the bee wiggles the end of its body as it moves in a straight line. The tail-wagging dance is used when the food is far away. The food must be more than ten meters away. The bees know from the speed of the tail-wagging dance just how far away the food source is. The line the bee dances on shows the direction that the bees must fly in to find the food. In the tail-wagging dance, the bees also smell the bee that has found the food. The smell tells them what kind of flower to look for. After watching the tail-wagging dance and smelling the bee that has found the food, the other bees know three things. They know how far to fly, what direction to fly in, and what kinds of flowers to look for.