听力题Albert Schweitzer was born in 1875 in Alsace

听力题[此试题无题干]

听力题 Some students at the Open University left school 20 years ago. Others are younger but all must be at least 21 years old. This is one example of how the Open University is different from all other universities. Its students must either work full time or be at home all day, for instance, mothers of families. They do not have to pass any examinations before they are accepted as students. This is why the university is called“open”. The university was started in order to help a known group of people who missed having a university education when they were young. The first name for the Open University was“the University of the Air”. The idea was to teach“on the air”, in other words, on radio and television. Most of the teaching is done like this. Radio and television have brought the classroom into people’s homes. But this, on its own, is not enough for a university education. The Open University student also receives advice at one of 283 study centres in the country. 36 weeks of the year he has to send written work to a“tutor”, the person who guides. He must also spend 3 weeks every summer as a full-time student. Tutors and students meet and study together, as in other universities. At the end of the Open University’s first year, the results were good. Three out of every 4 students passed their examinations. If they do this every year, they will finish their studies in 4 or 5 years. Some students at the Open University left school 20 years ago. Others are younger but all must be at least 21 years old. This is one example of how the Open University is different from all other universities. Its students must either work full time or be at home all day, for instance, mothers of families. They do not have to pass any examinations before they are accepted as students. This is why the university is called“open”. The university was started in order to help a known group of people who missed having a university education when they were young. The first name for the Open University was“the University of the Air”. The idea was to teach“on the air”, in other words, on radio and television. Most of the teaching is done like this. Radio and television have brought the classroom into people’s homes. But this, on its own, is not enough for a university education. The Open University student also receives advice at one of 283 study centres in the country. 36 weeks of the year he has to send written work to a“tutor”, the person who guides. He must also spend 3 weeks every summer as a full-time student. Tutors and students meet and study together, as in other universities. At the end of the Open University’s first year, the results were good. Three out of every 4 students passed their examinations. If they do this every year, they will finish their studies in 4 or 5 years.

听力题 In Britain there are 11 national daily newspapers and most people read one of them every day. There are two kinds of newspaper. One is large in size and has many detailed articles about national and international events. These newspapers are called the serious papers or the quality papers. The other kind, called the tabloids, are smaller in size, have more pictures, often in color, and short articles, often about less important events or about the private lives of well-known people. Although some people disapprove of tabloids, knore people buy them than buy the serious newspapers. The Sun, for example, which is a tabloid, is the biggest-selling newspaper in Britain. The tabloids are sometimes called the gutter press. And in 1997, some photograph reporters of the tabloids were said to be involved in the tragic death of Princess Diana in France and they were criticized as Paparazzi by the public. Most national newspapers in Britain express a political opinion and people choose the newspaper that they read according to their own political beliefs. Most of the newspapers are right-wing which means they support the Conservative Party. These are the Daily Telegraph, which is the serious newspaper, the Daily Express, Daily Mail, Daily Star, the Sun and Today, which are all tabloids. Of the other serious newspapers, The Times, the oldest newspaper in Britain, did not formerly have one strong political view but it is now more right-wing. The Independent does not support any political party, and neither does the Financial Times, which concentrates on business and financial news. The Daily Mirror is the voice of the Labor Party. In Britain there are 11 national daily newspapers and most people read one of them every day. There are two kinds of newspaper. One is large in size and has many detailed articles about national and international events. These newspapers are called the serious papers or the quality papers. The other kind, called the tabloids, are smaller in size, have more pictures, often in color, and short articles, often about less important events or about the private lives of well-known people. Although some people disapprove of tabloids, knore people buy them than buy the serious newspapers. The Sun, for example, which is a tabloid, is the biggest-selling newspaper in Britain. The tabloids are sometimes called the gutter press. And in 1997, some photograph reporters of the tabloids were said to be involved in the tragic death of Princess Diana in France and they were criticized as Paparazzi by the public. Most national newspapers in Britain express a political opinion and people choose the newspaper that they read according to their own political beliefs. Most of the newspapers are right-wing which means they support the Conservative Party. These are the Daily Telegraph, which is the serious newspaper, the Daily Express, Daily Mail, Daily Star, the Sun and Today, which are all tabloids. Of the other serious newspapers, The Times, the oldest newspaper in Britain, did not formerly have one strong political view but it is now more right-wing. The Independent does not support any political party, and neither does the Financial Times, which concentrates on business and financial news. The Daily Mirror is the voice of the Labor Party.

听力题Questions 19to 22are based on the recording you have just heard

听力题Lyndon B

听力题 Americans are suffering from a serious sleep deficit while also cutting back on leisure activities as they spend more time at work. A world that“never goes to sleep” offers many diverse activities, but encourages unhealthy and sometimes anti-social lifestyles, for Americans adults. Adults report living is spending more time to work, a shift that has had a profound impact on their personal lives. Adults report spending less time sleeping, engaged in social and leisure activities. Most Americans say they suffer from sleep problems and when they go to sleep, many sleep alone even if they are married. These are some of the key findings in the National Sleep Foundation’s 2001“Sleep in America” poll, which looks at the relationship between Americans’lifestyles, sleep habits and sleep problems. Sleep deprivation continues to be widespread in America. According to the NSF poll, 63% of American adults do not get the recommended eight hours of sleep needed for good health, safety, and optimum performance. In fact, nearly one-third report sleeping less than seven hours each week night, though many adults say they try to sleep more on weekends. The poll shows good news and bad news. The good news is that many Americans say they don’t want to give up any more sleep in spite of their exciting lives. And they would sleep more if they were convinced it would contribute to their quality of life. The bad news is far too many adults still sacrifice sleep, which is unhealthy and counter-productive. Is getting less sleep a trend in developed society? Perhaps some of you callers may be able to shed some further light. Let’s open up the Dhone lines at 54389282. And we have our first caller now. Please go ahead… Americans are suffering from a serious sleep deficit while also cutting back on leisure activities as they spend more time at work. A world that“never goes to sleep” offers many diverse activities, but encourages unhealthy and sometimes anti-social lifestyles, for Americans adults. Adults report living is spending more time to work, a shift that has had a profound impact on their personal lives. Adults report spending less time sleeping, engaged in social and leisure activities. Most Americans say they suffer from sleep problems and when they go to sleep, many sleep alone even if they are married. These are some of the key findings in the National Sleep Foundation’s 2001“Sleep in America” poll, which looks at the relationship between Americans’lifestyles, sleep habits and sleep problems. Sleep deprivation continues to be widespread in America. According to the NSF poll, 63% of American adults do not get the recommended eight hours of sleep needed for good health, safety, and optimum performance. In fact, nearly one-third report sleeping less than seven hours each week night, though many adults say they try to sleep more on weekends. The poll shows good news and bad news. The good news is that many Americans say they don’t want to give up any more sleep in spite of their exciting lives. And they would sleep more if they were convinced it would contribute to their quality of life. The bad news is far too many adults still sacrifice sleep, which is unhealthy and counter-productive. Is getting less sleep a trend in developed society? Perhaps some of you callers may be able to shed some further light. Let’s open up the Dhone lines at 54389282. And we have our first caller now. Please go ahead…

听力题If you seize the stem of a nettle (荨麻) firmly

听力题 William Shakespeare was christened in the market town of Stratford on Avon, Warwickshire, on April 26, 1564; traditionally, his actual birthday was three days earlier, on St. George''s day, the same day as his death fifty-two years later. His father, John, was a respected middle-class trader, and his mother, Mary Arden, came from a family of local landowners. It seems probable that young William received a fair education (for his day) at the local Grammar School; at the age of eighteen he married a girl eight years older than himself, Anne Hathaway, who gave him a child the following year and twins in 1585. Little else is known of his early life, and so we cannot tell what made him decide to leave Stratford in 1586 for London, where he stayed until 1611. In London he must soon have attracted attention, because by 1592 he was a popular enough writer and actor to be laughed at by an older dramatist as an uneducated Jack of all trades. He is mentioned as being among the principal actors of the city as early as 1598, and in 1599 we find that he is a member of the company running the Globe Theater, with one-tenth interest in the profits—showing a business sense rarely seen in his fellow writers. His popularity is indicated by the fact that not only were his own plays published under his name, which was a rare procedure in his day, but also plays by others are to be found attributed to him, as if to indicate that his name alone would promise a good sale. William Shakespeare was christened in the market town of Stratford on Avon, Warwickshire, on April 26, 1564; traditionally, his actual birthday was three days earlier, on St. George''s day, the same day as his death fifty-two years later. His father, John, was a respected middle-class trader, and his mother, Mary Arden, came from a family of local landowners. It seems probable that young William received a fair education (for his day) at the local Grammar School; at the age of eighteen he married a girl eight years older than himself, Anne Hathaway, who gave him a child the following year and twins in 1585. Little else is known of his early life, and so we cannot tell what made him decide to leave Stratford in 1586 for London, where he stayed until 1611. In London he must soon have attracted attention, because by 1592 he was a popular enough writer and actor to be laughed at by an older dramatist as an uneducated Jack of all trades. He is mentioned as being among the principal actors of the city as early as 1598, and in 1599 we find that he is a member of the company running the Globe Theater, with one-tenth interest in the profits—showing a business sense rarely seen in his fellow writers. His popularity is indicated by the fact that not only were his own plays published under his name, which was a rare procedure in his day, but also plays by others are to be found attributed to him, as if to indicate that his name alone would promise a good sale.

听力题W: So you are up to some tennis this afternoon or what? M: Well, to tell you the truth, I''m not feeling so hot today. W: Come on. How long has it been since we played last time? M: A couple of days. W: A couple of days? Come on. It''s been more than a couple of days. M: Yeah. I guess you''re right. It''s been almost a week. W: It''s been exactly a week. And we used to play at least three times a week. M: I know. Playing right after class was something to look forward to. W: Yeah. And it was right before dinner. So we build up our appetite. M: I''ve just been very busy, I guess. And my stomach is bothering today. W: But you look ok to me. M: Well, I was up late with Steve in the library working on a project. We got to do by tomorrow for that anthropology class. We''ve been working on it all weekend. And I was drinking a lot of coffee, I guess. I just drank too much. W: Listen. I took that class last semester. And I could meet you in the library later tonight and help with if you want. And then you have time to play tennis this afternoon. M: Yeah. I guess my stomach doesn''t hurt that bad. And I could certainly use your help. But it''s also... W: Is there something else bothering you? M: Well, to be honest, I''m getting tired of... losing. W: So you are up to some tennis this afternoon or what? M: Well, to tell you the truth, I''m not feeling so hot today. W: Come on. How long has it been since we played last time? M: A couple of days. W: A couple of days? Come on. It''s been more than a couple of days. M: Yeah. I guess you''re right. It''s been almost a week. W: It''s been exactly a week. And we used to play at least three times a week. M: I know. Playing right after class was something to look forward to. W: Yeah. And it was right before dinner. So we build up our appetite. M: I''ve just been very busy, I guess. And my stomach is bothering today. W: But you look ok to me. M: Well, I was up late with Steve in the library working on a project. We got to do by tomorrow for that anthropology class. We''ve been working on it all weekend. And I was drinking a lot of coffee, I guess. I just drank too much. W: Listen. I took that class last semester. And I could meet you in the library later tonight and help with if you want. And then you have time to play tennis this afternoon. M: Yeah. I guess my stomach doesn''t hurt that bad. And I could certainly use your help. But it''s also... W: Is there something else bothering you? M: Well, to be honest, I''m getting tired of... losing.

听力题 Gabriela Mistral was once an ordinary teacher in a small village school in Northern Chile. Towering mountains separated her village from the world outside. Gabriela Mistral was only fifteen when she began teaching, but she was a good teacher. She helped the minds of her students'' scale the mountain walls and reach out to the world beyond. For eighteen years, Gabriela devoted her life to the poor farm children of Chile''s Northern valleys. During part of this time, she was director of schools in all of Chile. Before long, many countries recognized her as a great friend of children and the leader in education. In 1922, she was invited to Mexico to help organise the world school system. Two years later, Gabriela Mistral came to the United States where she served as a visiting professor in several colleges. In New York City, a group of teachers helped to finance the publication of her first book of poetry. Some of her books have been translated into six different languages. She gave the income from some of her books to help poor and neglected children. Beginning in the 1920s, her interests reached out to broader fields. Statesmen asked her advice on international problems. She tried to break through the national barriers that hindered the exchange of ideas among the Spanish speaking peoples of South America. She tried to develop a better understanding between the United States and countries of Latin America. In 1945, she gained worldwide recognition by winning the Nobel Prize in literature, the first South American to win the prize. Gabriela Mistral was once an ordinary teacher in a small village school in Northern Chile. Towering mountains separated her village from the world outside. Gabriela Mistral was only fifteen when she began teaching, but she was a good teacher. She helped the minds of her students'' scale the mountain walls and reach out to the world beyond. For eighteen years, Gabriela devoted her life to the poor farm children of Chile''s Northern valleys. During part of this time, she was director of schools in all of Chile. Before long, many countries recognized her as a great friend of children and the leader in education. In 1922, she was invited to Mexico to help organise the world school system. Two years later, Gabriela Mistral came to the United States where she served as a visiting professor in several colleges. In New York City, a group of teachers helped to finance the publication of her first book of poetry. Some of her books have been translated into six different languages. She gave the income from some of her books to help poor and neglected children. Beginning in the 1920s, her interests reached out to broader fields. Statesmen asked her advice on international problems. She tried to break through the national barriers that hindered the exchange of ideas among the Spanish speaking peoples of South America. She tried to develop a better understanding between the United States and countries of Latin America. In 1945, she gained worldwide recognition by winning the Nobel Prize in literature, the first South American to win the prize.

听力题The piano and violin are girls'' instruments

听力题Alan: Come in! Sally: Hi Alan—I just wondered if you would like to come out for a coffee. Alan: Oh, hi, Sally. I was just writing a letter. Sally: Writing a letter! Is your phone out of order? Alan: No—well, not exactly a letter. Alex has applied for a job at children''s summer camp, and they''ve asked me for a character reference. Sally: Oh dear—you''re not going to tell them the truth, are you? Alan: What do you mean? Sally: Well, that he''s a big-headed show-off who never does a day''s work. Alan: Oh, come on, he''s not that bad—I mean, kids love him. He''s always entertaining his little brother''s friends with his magic tricks. Sally: Oh, yes, he''s great with children, but he''s big kid himself, isn''t he? Alan: Yes, I suppose he is a bit immature. Sally: And I hope they don''t expect him to work before four o''clock in the afternoon. You know what he''s like—he needs a bomb under him to get him up in the morning. Alan: Mm. Sally: Also, he hates taking orders from anybody. Do you remember that job he had last summer in a restaurant? He ended up throwing a bucket of water over the chef when she asked him to wash the kitchen floor. Alan: Oh no, don''t remind me. But he did run that restaurant single-handed when the chef and two of the waiters were off sick with food poisoning. Sally: That''s true. He''s good in a crisis. Now shall we go and get some coffee? Alan: All right. Alan: Come in! Sally: Hi Alan—I just wondered if you would like to come out for a coffee. Alan: Oh, hi, Sally. I was just writing a letter. Sally: Writing a letter! Is your phone out of order? Alan: No—well, not exactly a letter. Alex has applied for a job at children''s summer camp, and they''ve asked me for a character reference. Sally: Oh dear—you''re not going to tell them the truth, are you? Alan: What do you mean? Sally: Well, that he''s a big-headed show-off who never does a day''s work. Alan: Oh, come on, he''s not that bad—I mean, kids love him. He''s always entertaining his little brother''s friends with his magic tricks. Sally: Oh, yes, he''s great with children, but he''s big kid himself, isn''t he? Alan: Yes, I suppose he is a bit immature. Sally: And I hope they don''t expect him to work before four o''clock in the afternoon. You know what he''s like—he needs a bomb under him to get him up in the morning. Alan: Mm. Sally: Also, he hates taking orders from anybody. Do you remember that job he had last summer in a restaurant? He ended up throwing a bucket of water over the chef when she asked him to wash the kitchen floor. Alan: Oh no, don''t remind me. But he did run that restaurant single-handed when the chef and two of the waiters were off sick with food poisoning. Sally: That''s true. He''s good in a crisis. Now shall we go and get some coffee? Alan: All right.

听力题M: Yes. I am a bit confused

听力题[此试题无题干]

听力题 Experts say some farming activities are seriously damaging Earth''s environment. Bad farming methods can damage soil, forests and water supplies. They also have caused some plants and animals to disappear. Two groups now say that bad farming methods are threatening the ability of farmers to produce enough food to feed the world population in the future. The groups used satellite images, maps and modern equipment to study the effect of agriculture on the environment. The study found that the destruction of soil is widespread. Important organic nutrients are being removed from farmland. Agriculture uses seventy percent of the freshwater in the world each year. The study found that many farmers are wasting water supplies. In addition, chemicals designed to protect crops may pollute waterways. The report also says as much as thirty percent of the world''s forests have been cut down so the land could be used for agriculture. This has led to a severe loss of wildlife and their environments. Experts say some farming activities are seriously damaging Earth''s environment. Bad farming methods can damage soil, forests and water supplies. They also have caused some plants and animals to disappear. Two groups now say that bad farming methods are threatening the ability of farmers to produce enough food to feed the world population in the future. The groups used satellite images, maps and modern equipment to study the effect of agriculture on the environment. The study found that the destruction of soil is widespread. Important organic nutrients are being removed from farmland. Agriculture uses seventy percent of the freshwater in the world each year. The study found that many farmers are wasting water supplies. In addition, chemicals designed to protect crops may pollute waterways. The report also says as much as thirty percent of the world''s forests have been cut down so the land could be used for agriculture. This has led to a severe loss of wildlife and their environments.

听力题When it comes to leisure activities

听力题Life-style is the way a person lives work, leisure time, hobbies, other interests, and personal philosophy. One''s personal life-style may be (36)_________ work, including few social activities. Another''s may involve hobbies, (37)_________activities, or personal philosophy. There is little doubt that life-styles are changing and that these changes will have an (38)_________on the way business operates in the years (39)_________. Several factors are causing life-style changes in U. S. society. First, there is more leisure time than ever before. The workweek is now less than forty hours, as (40)_________to seventy hours a century ago. Some (41)_________believe it will be twenty-five hours or less before the year 2000. Several firms have (42)_________four-day workweeks with more hours per day. Others have cut the number of hours worked each week. Reduced work (43)_________ mean increased leisure time. Second, families have fewer children than before—(44)___________________________. This trend has forced many businessman to modify their competitive strategies. Gerber products Company used to advertise "babies are our business—and our only business". (45) ___________________________. Third, people are better educated and more prosperous now than they were earlier. (46) ___________________________. Inquiries of this nature have sometimes led to personal life-style changes.

听力题Presently I got up and dressed

听力题 Few people can stand for the spirit of earlier America as much as Benjamin Franklin. He lived through almost the whole of the 18th century. He was born six years after the century began and died ten years before it ended. During this time he saw the American colonies grew from tiny settlements into a nation and he also contributed much to the new state. He was deeply interested in science and natural history and his experiments with the electricity and lightning led directly to the invention of the lightning rod. He was also interested in improving the conditions of his fellow men. He was involved in a number of projects in his native Philadelphia, including the setting up of a library, and a university, a philosophical society and a tire-prevention service. He worked hard to enable American colonies to gain independence from Britain. As Ambassador to France, he encouraged the French to help George Washington. After the war, he attended the American Constitutional., Congress. This was his last contribution, for he died later that year. He is still fondly remembered by Americans as one of the creators of the United States. Few people can stand for the spirit of earlier America as much as Benjamin Franklin. He lived through almost the whole of the 18th century. He was born six years after the century began and died ten years before it ended. During this time he saw the American colonies grew from tiny settlements into a nation and he also contributed much to the new state. He was deeply interested in science and natural history and his experiments with the electricity and lightning led directly to the invention of the lightning rod. He was also interested in improving the conditions of his fellow men. He was involved in a number of projects in his native Philadelphia, including the setting up of a library, and a university, a philosophical society and a tire-prevention service. He worked hard to enable American colonies to gain independence from Britain. As Ambassador to France, he encouraged the French to help George Washington. After the war, he attended the American Constitutional., Congress. This was his last contribution, for he died later that year. He is still fondly remembered by Americans as one of the creators of the United States.