单选题Once upon a time, innovation at Procter & Gamble flowed one way: from the United States outward. While the large Cincinnati based corporation was no stranger to foreign markets, it usually sold them products that were already familiar to most Americans. Many Japanese families, for instance, swaddle(用长布条缠包) their babies in Pampers diapers (尿布), and lots of Venezuelans brush their teeth with Crest. And of course company executives assumed Americans at home wanted these same familiar, red white and blue brands. We might buy foreign made cars, or chocolates, or cameras but household cleaners and detergents. Recently, however, P&G broke with this long-standing tradition. Ariel, a P&G laundry detergent, was born overseas, and is a familiar sight on store shelves in Europe and Latin America. Now bilingual packages of Ariel Ultra, a super concentrated cleaner, are appearing on supermarket shelves in Los Angeles. Ariel's appearance in the United States reflects demographic changes making Hispanics(西班牙的) the nation's fastest growing ethnic group. Ariel is a hit with this population. In fact, many Mexican immigrants living in Southern California have been "importing" Ariel from Tijuana, Mexico. "Hispanics knew this product and wanted it," says P&G spokeswoman Marie Salvado. "We realized that we couldn't convince them to buy our other laundry detergents." P&G hopes that non-Hispanic consumers will give Ariel a try too. Ariel's already strong presence in Europe may provide a springboard for the company to expand other markets as well. Recently P&G bought Rakona, Czechoslovakia's top detergent maker. Ariel, currently a top seller in Germany, is likely to be one of the first new brands to appear in Czech supermarkets. And Ariel is not the only foreign idea that the company hopes to transplant back to its home territory. Cinch, an all-purpose spray cleaner similar to popular European products, is currently being test-marketed in California and Arizona. Traditionally Americans have used separate cleaners for different types of surfaces, but market research shows that American preferences are becoming more like those in other countries. Insiders note that this new reverse flow of innovation reflects more sweeping changes at Procter & Gamble. The firm has hired many new Japanese, German, and Mexican managers who view P&G's business not as a one-way flow of American ideas, but a two-way exchange with other markets. Bonita Austin of the investment firm Wertheim Schroeder says, "When you met with P&G's top managers years ago, you wouldn't have seen a single foreign face." Today, they could even be in the majority. As Procter & Gamble has found, the United States is no longer an isolated market. Americans are more open than ever before to buying foreign made products and to selling U.S. made products overseas.

单选题It is hoped that the prisoner will be released through the ______ of the president himself.

单选题A.Itincreaseswithtime.B.Itneverchanges.C.Itdecreaseswithtime.D.Itdependsonthematerialit'smadeof.

单选题Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

单选题Don't trust the speaker any more, since the remarks he made in his lectures are never________ with the facts.

单选题Another big issue ______ the new republic is the problem of the education of its citizens.

单选题{{B}}Section A{{/B}}Directions:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the correspond-ing letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

单选题Questions 19 to 21 are bused on the conversation you have just heard.

单选题I______in Canada from 1999 to 2003 when I was working for IBM. [A] live [B] have lived [C] lived

单选题Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

单选题Which of the following is true about the local governments in the US?

单选题Mary is an active______ in social work. She spends much time staying with orphan children every summer.

单选题He was bending over the basin and______ cold water on his face in order to keep himself a wake.

单选题A) ideal C) intelligence B) comprehension D) notion

单选题The word "malady" (Line 3, Para. 4) probably means _________.

单选题In the face of the disaster, the world has united to aid millions of ______. people trying to piece their lives back together. A．vulnerable B．fragile C．susceptible D．primitive

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