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{{B}}Section A{{/B}}

20世纪70年代，中国人曾以有一件外国衬衣和一块进口电子手表而感到无比自豪。那 时候，国产商品在外观和功能方面都远远逊色于外国品牌产品。“崇洋媚外”在中国消费者心理上打下了烙印。 随着中国现代化科技和经济的发展，中国综合国力的提升，如今的国产商品在外观、质量和科技含量等各个方面都取得了重大飞跃，不少产品已优于同类的外国品牌。中国消费者对外国品牌产品从仰视，到平视，最后甚至会俯视。消费者心理正在发生改变，逐步回归理性消费。

微信(WeChat)作为时下最热门的社交信息平台，是一个为智能终端提供即时通讯服务的免费应用程序。微信支持单人、多人参与，人们通过手机网络发送语音、图片、视频和文字。截止到2015年第一季度，微信已经覆盖中国90％以上的智能手机，月活跃用户达到5．49亿，用户覆盖200多个国家、超过20种语言。此外，各品牌的微信公众账号总数已经超过800万个，微信支付用户则达到了4亿左右。

Employers are far less likely to employ people with mental illnesses than those with physical ailments (疾病), a report shows. The government is【C1】______ an initiative urging employers to improve conditions for people with a mental health problem. It is【C2】______ one in four people will suffer a mental illness at some point in their lives. And even for those with more common types of mental illness, such as【C3】______ , only about half are【C4】______ employed. The voluntary standards, launched to【C5】______ with World Mental Health Day, will also be used by public sector organizations, including local councils, government departments and hospitals. The Disability Discrimination Act, which comes into force this December, will require these bodies to end【C6】______ discrimination and promote equality of opportunity. Health Minister Rosie Winterton said: "【C7】______ and stigma (耻辱) still surround the issue of mental ill-health and when someone does develop a problem, they often do not get the support they need from society to help them recover. " "We all have a role to play in helping to【C8】______ this issue. Employers can help by raising awareness of mental health issues among staff, supporting those affected and combating discrimination against staff and customers. " "This is good for staff and good for employers, who we know will benefit from reduced staff【C9】______ and sickness absences." Work and Pensions Minister Lord Hunt said, "Work is important and beneficial to our physical and mental well-being. Because of this, it is essential that we remove the【C10】______ that prevent people starting, returning to, or remaining in work. "A) tackle I) estimatedB) issue J) launchingC) turnover K) fairD) competitively L) depressionE) coincide M) takingF) unlawful N) generallyG) barriers O) ignorance H) particularly

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Women who drank three or more cups of coffee a day were 30 percent less likely to have memory decline at age 65 than whose who drank one cup or less daily. And the benefit increased with age. Women over age 80 who drank three or more cups of coffee a day were about 70 percent less likely to have memory decline than those who drank one cup or less, the researchers said. Caffeinated tea had the same effect in the women, the study found, although more was needed to get the same caffeine boost. "Count roughly two cups of tea for a cup of coffee," said study leader Karen Ritchie of INSERM, the French National Institute for Health and Medical Research. But the researchers didn't find a similarly protective effect in men, although other studies have found a benefit to males. How might caffeine help ward off cognitive decline? "It is a cognitive stimulant," said Ritchie. It also helps to reduce levels of the protein called beta amyloid in the brain, she said, "whose accumulation is responsible for Alzheimer's disease but which also occurs in normal aging." Ritchie said she wasn't sure why men in the study didn't benefit from caffeine. "Our hypothesis is that either women metabolize caffeine differently than men, or there may be an interaction of the caffeine with the sex hormones, the estrogen-progesterone balance," she said. The French study confirms previous research, said William Scott, professor of medicine at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, who has researched caffeine's beneficial effects against Parkinson's disease, also a neurodegenerative disorder. As for caffeine only protecting women, Scott noted that just 2,800 of the 7,000 study participants were men, and the results might have differed if more men were included. A study published in February in the European Journal of Clinical Nutrition looked at 676 healthy men and found that regular coffee drinkers had a lower rate of cognitive decline over a 10-year follow-up than those who didn't drink coffee. Those who drank three cups daily had the least signs of decline. Both Scott and Ritchie agreed that more study is needed. Ritchie's research will next look at the relationship between caffeine and Alzheimer's.

西部支教 (volunteering to teach in the west)对于促进当地教育和经济发展有着重要意义。大学生到西部支教，对农村的孩子进行了书本知识的教学。更重要的是，通过组织安排一些活动，寓教于乐，对他们未来的学习和生活有所启发和引导，激发了他们学习的动力和对外面发达城市的向往，促使他们进步。此外，大学生也会把新的观念和思想带到农村去。去西部支教还能培养当代大学生的社会责任感和社会公益心。在一定程度上，也缓解了西部地区教师短缺的压力。

{{B}}Part II Listening Comprehension{{/B}}

Mercedes estate cars and Fiat runarounds(轻便小汽车)are being used to test up to 22 different monitors designed to detect if a driver is falling asleep at the wheel and trigger a series of devices designed to wake them up. The aim of the project, funded by ￡4 million of European Union money as well as private investment, is to reduce the estimated 30% of fatal accidents which are caused in Europe each year by drivers drifting off at the wheel. The test cars have been fitted with infrared cameras which monitor eye movement, touch-pad sensors that measure the driver's grip on the steering wheel and chassis(汽车底盘)monitors which check for veer(转向). Should drivers start to doze off they can be quickly woken by a sudden blast of air-conditioned cold air. At the same time a vibrating alarm will sound and the driver's seat will be made to shake. Daimler Chrysler, owner of Mercedes, as well as Fiat, will own the patent of the awake system, which could be installed in cars as soon as this year. If the trials are successful the EU is considering introducing a directive which would make the system compulsory in long-distance lorries—a leading cause of road accidents. According to transport department figures, more than 300 people die each year in Britain in accidents thought to be caused by drivers falling asleep at the wheel. Ten people died in the Selby rail crash last year when a car driver fell asleep on a motor-way, crashed onto a railway line and derailed(使脱轨)a passenger train. Motoring organizations said the new system might prevent accidents such as Selby but were cautious as to whether it would prove practical. The safety system also monitors braking frequency and can detect eye movement towards the rear and side mirrors. As no one drives in exactly the same way, the system must "learn" the individual characteristics of its owner or owners. The researchers had considered systems that squirted(喷射)a refined version of smelling salts at the dozy motorist, opened the windows and activated the brakes automatically. However, such ideas have been abandoned as potentially dangerous, startling a driver and leading to sudden changes in steering.

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随着人民生活水平和消费水平的提高，中国的垃圾问题日益严峻。很多城市被垃圾包围。面对日益增长的垃圾产量和环境状况的恶化。中国政府正在努力推行 垃圾分类 (garbage classification)的政策。垃圾分类是指将垃圾分为可回收利用和不可回收利用两类，要求人们将垃圾投放至不同的 垃圾桶 (trash can)。通过不同的清理、运输和回收方式，使之变成新的资源。它可以减少垃圾处理量，降低处理成本，减少土地资源的消耗，对社会、经济、生态三方面都有益。

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中国民族音乐，一般简称“民乐”或“国乐”。是中国特有的音乐品种。中国传统音乐以五声音阶(pentatonic scale)为基础，追求自然、和谐、 含蓄 (subtlety)的美感，在几千年的发展过程中，留下了极为丰富的民族音乐文化遗产。民乐的乐器种类很多，可以分为吹、拉、弹、打四大类。上世纪20年代，中国的音乐家仿照西方 交响乐队 (symphony orchestra)的编制，建立起中国民族管弦乐团来演奏一些大型的民乐曲目。中国一些著名的民乐团也经常接受邀请，到世界各地演出。

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{{B}}Part Ⅳ Translation{{/B}}