单选题 中国城市急剧膨胀，大量农村人口移居城镇，使城市变得拥挤不堪。城市人口的迅速增长，将对公共卫生、淡水供应、医疗保健、食品供应、住房、交通和就业造成极大压力，并且带来一些恶性(Vicious)社会问题。同时，由于城镇发展，我们失去了肥沃的农田(fertile farmland)，日益恶化的空气质量和水质的污染使农作物受到损害。所有这些将使农业发展更加步履维艰。地球资源日益匮乏也是一个不容忽视的问题。看来解决人口激增的问题，是摆在现代人面前的一项艰巨而迫切的(pressing)任务。

单选题Millions of Americans are entering their 60s and are more concerned than ever about retirement. They know they need to save, but how much? And what exactly are they saving for—to spend more time 26 the grandkids, go traveling, or start another career? It turns out that husbands and wives may have 27 different ideas about the subject. The deepest divide is in the way spouses envisage their lifestyle in their later years. Fidelity Investments Inc. found 41 percent of the 500 couples it surveyed 28 on whether both or at least one spouse will work in retirement. Wives are generally right regarding their husbands' retirement age, but men 29 the age their wives will be when they stop working. And husbands are slightly more 30 about their standard of living than wives are. Busy juggling (穷于应付) careers and families, most couples don't take time to sit down, 31 or together, and think about what they would like to do 5, 10 or 20 years from now. They 32 they are on the same page, but the 33 is they have avoided even talking about it. If you are self-employed or in a job that doesn't have a standard retirement age, you may be more apt to delay thinking about these issues. It is often a 34 retirement date that provides the catalyst (催化剂) to start planning. Getting laid off or accepting an early-retirement 35 can force your hand. But don't wait until you get a severance (遣散费) check to begin planning. A. assume B. confidential C. disagree D. formula E. forthcoming F. illustrating G. mysteriously H. observe I. optimistic J. package K. radically L. reality M. separately N. spoiling O. underestimate

单选题Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledReasonsforTrafficAccidents.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.1．根据下图简要描述交通事故产生原因的比例2．出现此现象的原因3．几点建议

单选题Severe winter storms have worsened the nation's usual post-holiday blood shortage, 26 an urgent call today for people to donate blood. Type O blood is the most urgently needed, because it is the 27 blood type, meaning it can be safely 28 to most people in an emergency. 'The severe winter weather has forced the cancellation of blood drives and limited our 29 to collect blood,' American Red Cross President Elizabeth Dole said. The Red Cross reported having less than one day's supply of Type O blood on hand in 18 of the organization's 38 collection regions. The Red Cross 30 about half of the nation's blood supply. America's Blood Centers, which supplies most of the rest, also has reported shortages. Reacting to the shortage, a Pittsburgh blood bank asked 40 hospitals in western Pennsylvania, West Virginia and Ohio to 31 elective surgeries through Wednesday. At least 1,000 donors are needed each day for the next several days to stabilize the supply, said Mark Lynch, spokesman for the Central Blood Bank. 'We're talking about (postponing) hip replacement, for example, and orthopedic cases. These are sick people who need surgery, but it's not life 32 ,' he said. When its blood supply is 33 , the blood bank needs about 700 donors each day to maintain normal inventory. The Pittsburgh blood bank last asked hospitals to postpone elective surgeries because of a blood shortage in October 1995. Such procedures were canceled for almost a week. Nationwide, donations typically fall off during the holidays, when donors become too busy to give blood 34 . Bad weather increases shortages both by 35 blood drives and by causing increased blood demand to treat accident victims. A. threatening B. popular C. postpone D. regularly E. receives F. ability G. universal H. refuse I. transfused J. stable K. immediately L. prompting M. blocking N. density O. provides

单选题 Questions2-5 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

单选题 A study of nearly 140 000 women in the US showed that regular helpings of a small portion of nuts can have a powerful protective effect against a disease that is threatening to become a global epidemic. Women who consumed a 28 gram packet of walnuts at least twice a week were 24 percent less likely to develop type 2 diabetes than those who rarely or never ate them. Eating walnuts just two or three times a week can reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes by almost a quarter. The latest findings, published in the Journal of Nutrition, are not the first to highlight the anti-diabetic effects of walnuts, with earlier research showing similar benefits. However, this is thought to be one of the largest studies to find regularly snacking on them can help prevent the condition. Although the latest research was carried out on female nurses, it's likely that the same benefits apply to men. According to the charity Diabetes UK, at the current rate of increase, the numbers affected by type 2 diabetes in the UK will rise from around 2.5 million currently to four million by 2025 and five million by 2030. Left untreated, it can raise the risk of heart attacks, blindness and amputation (截肢). Being overweight, physically inactive and having a poor diet are major risk factors for the disease. Scientists at the Harvard School of Public Health in Boston, US, tracked 137893 female nurses aged from 35 to 77 over a ten year period to see how many developed type 2 diabetes. Their dietary habits were closely monitored, including details on how often they ate nuts, particularly walnuts. After allowing for body fat and weight, the researchers found eating walnuts one to three times a month reduced the risk by four percent, once a week by 13 percent and at least twice a week by 24 percent. In a report on the findings the researchers said: 'These results suggest higher walnut consumption is associated with a significantly lower risk of type 2 diabetes in women.' Walnuts are rich in healthy fatty acids (脂肪酸) which have been shown to reduce inflammation (炎症) in the body and protect against heart disease, cancer and arthritis (关节炎). Last year, experts at the University of California Los Angeles also found young men in their twenties and thirties who ate walnuts every day increased their sperm count and boosted their fertility. The research comes just after a Louisiana State University study which showed that eating nuts can reduce people's risk of obesity. The study found that those who consumed varieties such as almonds and pistachios (开心果) demonstrated a lower body weight, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference compared to non-consumers. They were also at lower risk of developing heart disease, type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome.

单选题The continuous presentation of scary stories about global warming in the popular media makes us unnecessarily frightened. Even worse, it 25 our kids. AI Gore famously depicted how a sea-level rise of 20 feet would almost completely flood Florida, New York, Holland, and Shanghai, even though the United Nations says that such a thing will not even happen, estimating that sea levels will rise 20 times less than that. When 26 with these exaggerations, some of us say that they are for a good cause, and surely there is no harm done if the result is that we focus even more on tackling climate change. This 27 is astonishingly wrong. Such exaggerations do plenty of harm. Worrying 28 about global warming means that we worry less about other things, where we could do so much more good. We focus, for example, on 29 warming's impact on malaria (疟疾)—which will put slightly more people at risk in 100 years—instead of tackling the half a billion people suffering from malaria today with prevention and treatment policies that are much cheaper and dramatically more effective than carbon reduction would be. 30 also wears out the public's willingness to tackle global warming. If the planet is doomed, people wonder, why do anything? A record 54% of American voters now believe the news media make global warming appear worse than it really is. A 31 of people now believe incorrectly—that global warming is not even caused by humans. But the worst cost of exaggeration, I believe, is the 32 alarm that it causes—particularly among children. An article in The Washington Post cited nine-year-old Alyssa, who cries about the possibility of mass animal 33 from global warming. The newspaper also reported that parents are searching for 'productive' outlets for their eight-year-olds' obsessions (忧心忡忡) with dying polar bears. They might be better off educating them and letting them know that, contrary to common belief, the global polar bear population has 34 and perhaps even quadrupled (成为四倍) over the past half-century, to about 22 000. Despite diminishing—and eventually disappearing—summer Arctic ice, polar bears will not become extinct. A. terrifies B. excessively C. unnecessary D. argument E. extinction F. Exaggeration G. confronted H. doubled I. majority J. global K. equipped L. disgusts M. ignorantly N. suppresses O. urgent

单选题 反法西斯战争 今年是世界反法西斯战争胜利70周年，也是中国人民抗日战争胜利70周年。中国人民浴血奋战14年，最终取得了世界反法西斯战争的伟大胜利。为保护人类文明、捍卫世界和平做出巨大贡献。中国希望同广大同盟国共同回顾总结历史，展望开辟未来，坚定铭记历史、永不再战的庄严承诺，构建以合作共赢为核心的新型国际关系，让世界更加和平，更加和谐，更加美好。

单选题 The world is undergoing tremendous changes. The rise of globalization has forged new ground as we enter the 21st century. But are the effects of globalization always positive? Some say no. Michael Tenet, head of the International Institute for Foreign Relations in Atlanta, is worried about current resentment throughout the world towards the rise of globalization. 'Ever since the 1980s and the economic breakdown of the Asian Tigers in the late 1990s, there has been a reevaluation of the role of globalization as a force for good,' he said, 'Income in many countries has declined and the gap between the most rich and the most poor has been worsened. Without further interference by governments, we could see a tragedy expressed in an increased level of poverty throughout the Latin America and Asia.' Yet George Frank, an influential economist who works on Wall Street, sees no such danger. 'Economic liberalization (自由化), increased transparency and market-based reforms have positive effect in the long run, even if market mechanisms can produce short-term destabilization problems,' he said, 'What is most important is that barriers to trade continue to fall so that active competition for consumables reduces prices and in turn raises the average level of income.' Others feel that globalization's cultural impact may be more important than its economic implications. Janice Yawee, a native of Africa, feels strongly that globalization is weakening her local culture and language. 'Most of the world's dialects will become extinct under globalization. We are paving the world with McDonald's and English slang. It tears me up inside,' she said. However, ignoring the political dimensions of globalization has already had its cost. Nowhere was it made clearer than in the Southeast Asian economic crisis of the late 1990s—particularly in Indonesia. In the wake of that crisis, the Suhatro's regime was overthrown, and the entire country has been thrown into a mess. The Indonesian economy has contracted almost 50%, throwing tens of millions of people below the poverty line. Governments of different countries have had mixed responses to the wave of globalization. The United States is generally seen as an active proponent (支持者) of greater free trade, and it certainly has enormous cultural influence by virtue of its monopoly on worldwide entertainment. So the challenge faced by the Bush administration is not the challenge of the 1990s. But other countries, most notably developing countries and countries in Europe, are seeking for ways to reduce the impact that globalization has on their domestic affairs.

单选题 Now listen to the following recording and answer questions24-26.

单选题 For thousands of years man has exploited and often destroyed the riches of land. Now man covets(觊觎) the wealth of the oceans. Even the most conservative estimates of resources in the seabed stagger the imagination. In the millions of miles of ocean that touch a hundred nations live four of five of living things on earth. In the seabed, minerals and oil existed in lavish supply. Man may yet learn to use a tiny fraction of this wealth. However, this fraction alone could set off a new age of colonial war unless international law soon determines how it shall be shared. What is to be done to regulate and control exploitation of the oceans is a problem of international concern. In crowded England, serious plans have been developed to build entire cities just off the coast. Offshore airport may solve the demand for large tracts near such large coastal cities as New York and Los Angeles. Some people, quick to take advantage of the legal confusion that reigns beyond coastal waters, have planned to build independent islands at the top of reefs outside the county's territorial limit—that is indeed, a romantic notion, but one with, it is suspected, the more prosaic aim of avoiding the constrictions of domestic law concerning gambling and taxes. In another case, the United Nations were presented with an application for permission to extract minerals from the bed of Red Sea in an area 50 miles from the coastal states. The secretariat dodged this thorny question, citing lack of authority to act. Such claims are no longer isolated or meaningless. The great wealth from the oceans must be divided equitable among nations. But wealth is not the only thing at debate. We must also learn how to protect the oceans from the threat of pollution. A few years ago, 'practical' men dismissed speculations about wealth in the sea. 'That is economic foolishness,' they said. It will never be economically profitable to exploit the seabeds, no matter how great the riches to be found there. Unfortunately, they underestimated the lure of gold as the mother of invention. Yet the pessimists may be proved right. In these pioneer years of the Ocean Age, the damage done sometimes seems to exceed the benefit gained. Beaches from England to Puerto Rico to California have been soaked in oily mud. Insecticides, seeping into the rivers and then oceans, have killed fish and birds and revived fears that some chemicals may contaminate our waters when they are used as garbage dumps. Largely in ignorance, we are tinkering with our greatest source of life.

单选题 The American recovery seems to be picking up pace. The growth seems to be everywhere except the place it matters most—labour markets. Employment in America turned in a surprisingly poor performance in November, indicating that recovery still hasn't gotten the job creation machine turning steadily. The Bureau of Labour Statistics (BLS) reported a disappointing gain of only 39,000 jobs for the month of November. The figure came in well below expectations. In October, on Wednesday a private employment report estimated that the economy added 93,000 private sector workers. Markets had expected one of the strongest reports of the recovery so far. That's not what they received. In November, according to the BLS, private employers added just 50,000 new jobs—the worst performance since April. Within the private sector, drops in employment among goods-producing and retail trade firms were offset by new hires among professional and business services and in the health and education sectors. The unemployment rate rose to 9.8%—its highest level since April and close to the 10.1% recession peak. At 15.1 million, the number of unemployed workers rose back to its April high. Fully 6.3 million people have been out of work for more than 27 weeks. Many of these workers are now cycling off federal emergency unemployment benefits, which expired on November 30. Congress has yet to re-authorise the emergency benefits package, as it has done so many times through the recession. Some 2 million jobless workers may lose benefits by the end of 2010, and perhaps 4 million or more will lose them by April. There is little to be happy about in this report. But there are some indications that the November numbers may be an exception. September's job losses were revised down to 24,000 in this report, while October's job gains were revised upward, from 151,000 to 172,000. Through November, weekly data on initial jobless claims showed significant improvement. And of course, many other indicators have been flashing positive signs in recent weeks. It's likely that the November figures will be revised up in future months to show a better performance more in keeping with broader trends. And it's important to remember that monthly data are noisy. America's labour markets have yet to generate job growth sufficient to bring down the unemployment rate. But the pace of recovery has been improving. There is good reason to suspect that when all is said and done this report will appear as a tiny deviation from a strengthening upward employment trend. All the same, policymakers in Washington weighing whether to extend unemployment benefits and tax cuts should pay attention to the obvious weakness in labour markets.