With great efforts of the peace-loving people all over the world, Iraq _____ the war.
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Which of the following sentences is a COMMAND?
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— Must I finish it before 10 o'clock? — No, you _____.
______ dark cloud cannot long hide the sun, ______ no lies can cover up the fact.
The Early History of Motion PicturesP1: The technology that made possible the projection and exhibition of photographed moving images is just 100 years old. In 1895, in Europe and North America, the moment was ripe for a diverse group of engineers, scientists, eccentrics and inventors to nearly simultaneously create cameras and projectors capable of photographing and displaying motion pictures.P2: The illusion of motion pictures is based on the optical phenomena known as the phi phenomenon and persistence of vision. The first of these refers to what happens when a person sees one light source go out while another one close to the original is illuminated, whereas the latter creates apparent movement between images when they succeed one another rapidly. Together these phenomena permit the succession of still frames on a motion-picture film strip to represent continuous movement when projected at the proper speed. First observed by the ancient Greeks, persistence of vision became more widely known in 1824 when Peter Roget (who also developed the thesaurus) demonstrated that human begins retain an image of an object for about one-tenth of a second after the object is taken from view. Following Roget's pronouncement, a host of toys that depended on this principle sprang up in Victorian Europe. Bearing fanciful names (the Thaumatrope, the Praxinoscope), these devices basically involve a disk or card with a picture on each side attached to two pieces of string. When the strings are twirled quickly between the fingers the two pictures appear to combine into a single image due to persistence of vision.P3: Before long, several people realized that a series of still photographs could be used instead of hand drawing. This illusion of motion from a series of still images on celluloid film was originally conceptualized as based on "persistence of vision" —that images passively accumulate on the retina. Then in 1878 a colorful Englishman-turned-American, Edward Muybridge, attempted to settle a $25,000 bet over whether the four feet of a galloping horse ever simultaneously left the ground. He arranged a series of 24 cameras alongside a racetrack to capture motion, then projected the findings with his creation of the zoopraxiscope — a device for projecting motion pictures that pre-dated the flexible perforated film strip. Muybirdge's technique not only settled the bet (the feet did leave the ground simultaneously at certain instances) but also led to a huge advancement in modern photography. Built upon the work of Muybridge, Thomas Alva Edison commissioned Dickson to provide a visual counterpart to his recently invented phonograph. When his early efforts did not work out, he turned the project over his assistant. Using flexible film. Dickson solved the vexing problem of how to move the film rapidly through the camera by perforating its edge with tiny holes and pulling it along by means of sprockets, projections on a wheel that fit into the holes of the film.Paragraph 4: Because Edison had originally conceived of motion pictures as an adjunct to his phonograph, he did not commission the invention of a projector to accompany the Kinetograph. Rather, he had Dickson design a type of peep-show viewing device called the Kinetoscope. Still influenced by the success of his phonograph, Edison built a special studio to produce films for his new invention, and by 1894, Kinetoscope parlors began to spring up in major cities. Edison was slow to develop a projection system at this time, since the single-user Kinetoscopes were very profitable. However, films projected for large audiences could generate more profits because fewer machines were needed in proportion to the number of viewers. Thus, others sought to develop their own projection systems. Faced with competition, Edison perfected the Vitascope and unveiled it in New York City in 1896.P5: Early movies were simple snippets of action—acrobats tumbling, horses running, jugglers juggling, and so on. Eventually, the novelty wore off and films became less of an attraction. Public interest was soon rekindled when the shift in consciousness away from films as animated photographs to films as stories, or narratives, began to take place at about the turn of the century. In France, Alice Guy-Blache produced The Cabbage Fairy, a one-minute film about a fairy who produces children in a Cabbage patch, and exhibited it at the Paris International Exhibition in 1896. Better known is the work of a fellow French filmmaker Georges Melies, a professional magician who had become interested in the illusionist possibilities of cinematography. In 1902 Melies produced a science-fiction film called A Trip to the Moon. The cinema production was an enormous popular success, and it helped to make his company one of the world's largest producers and to establish the fiction film as the cinema's mainstream product.P5: Early movies were simple snippets of action—acrobats tumbling, horses running, jugglers juggling, and so on. ■ Eventually, the novelty wore off and films became less of an attraction. Public interest was soon rekindled when the shift in consciousness away from films as animated photographs to films as stories, or narratives, began to take place at about the turn of the century. ■ In France, Alice Guy-Blache produced The Cabbage Fairy, a one-minute film about a fairy who produces children in a Cabbage patch, and exhibited it at the Paris International Exhibition in 1896. ■ Better known is the work of a fellow French filmmaker Georges Melies, a professional magician who had become interested in the illusionist possibilities of cinematography. In 1902 Melies produced a science-fiction film called A Trip to the Moon.■ The cinema production was an enormous popular success, and it helped to make his company one of the world's largest producers and to establish the fiction film as the cinema's mainstream product.
You will now listen to part of a lecture. You will then be asked a question about it. After you hear the question, you will have 20 seconds to prepare your response and 60 seconds to speak.Question: Using points and examples from the talk, explain the two benefits of planting trees in the city. You will now listen to part of a lecture. You will then be asked a question about it. After you hear the question, you will have 20 seconds to prepare your response and 60 seconds to speak.Question: Using points and examples from the talk, explain the two benefits of planting trees in the city.
Which of the following is a disjunctive question?
It was ______ that the school discriminated against Asian students.
You will now listen to part of a lecture. You will then be asked a question about it. After you hear the question, you will have 20 seconds to prepare your response and 60 seconds to speak.Question: Using points and examples from the talk, explain the two benefits of forest fire to animals. You will now listen to part of a lecture. You will then be asked a question about it. After you hear the question, you will have 20 seconds to prepare your response and 60 seconds to speak.Question: Using points and examples from the talk, explain the two benefits of forest fire to animals.
Her career has______a number of activities — composing, playing and acting.(2014-67)
Which of the following underlined parts indicates a predicate-object relationship?
(l)People in the United States in the nineteenth century were haunted by the prospect that unprecedented change in the nation's economy would bring social chaos. In the years following 1820, after several decades of relative stability, the economy entered a period of sustained and extremely rapid growth that continued to the end of the nineteenth century. Accompanying that growth was a structural change that featured increasing economic diversification and a gradual shift in the nation's labor force from agriculture to manufacturing and other nonagricultural pursuits. (2)Although the birth rate continued to decline from its high level of the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, the population roughly doubled every generation during the rest of the nineteenth century. As the population grew, its makeup also changed. Massive waves of immigration brought new ethnic groups into the country. Geographic and social mobility—downward as well as upward—touched almost everyone. Local studies indicate that nearly three-quarters of the population—in the North and South, in the emerging cities in the Northeast and in the restless rural counties of the West—changed their residence each decade. As a consequence, historian David Donald has written, "Social atomization affected every segment of society, and it seemed to many people that all the recognized values of orderly civilization were gradually being eroded." (3)Rapid industrialization and increased geographic mobility in the nineteenth century had special implications for women because these changes tended to magnify social distinctions. As the roles of men and women played in society became more rigidly defined, so did the roles they played in the home. In the context of extreme competitiveness and dizzying social change, the household lost many of its earlier functions and the home came to serve as a haven of tranquility and order. As the size of families decreased, the roles of husband and wife became more clearly differentiated than ever before. In the middle class especially, men participated in the productive economy while women ruled the home and served as the custodians of civility and culture. The intimacy of marriage that was common in earlier periods was rent, and a gulf that at times seemed unbridgeable was created between husbands and wives.
Read carefully the following excerpt on closing public toilets in UK, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 200 words, in which you should: summarize the main message of the excerpt, and then comment on whether public toilets should be closed in UK. You should support yourself with information from the excerpt.Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Public Toilets "Wiped Out" in Parts of UK Some UK High Streets and public spaces no longer have any council-run public toilets, the BBC has learned. At least 1,782 facilities have closed across the UK in the last decade, Freedom of Information requests found. The Local Government Association said councils were trying to keep toilets open but faced squeezed budgets. Public toilets have existed on UK High Streets for more than 150 years, but there is no legal requirement for local authorities to provide toilets, meaning they are often closed down if councils feel they cannot afford the upkeep. Raymond Martin, of the British Toilet Association, said providing toilets was about health, well-being, equality and social inclusion. "It's also about public decency and public dignity—we don't want people being forced to urinate in the streets," he said. Joan Dean said her husband Brian, who has Parkinson's disease, was left humiliated when he wet himself after failing to find a toilet on a trip to Levenshulme, in Manchester, where 18 toilets have been closed in the last 10 years. A Local Government Association spokesman said councils were doing everything they could to keep public toilets open, including running community toilet schemes to enable pubs, restaurants and shops to make their toilets available to the public. Cuts meant councils had less to spend on community services and the next few years would continue to be a challenge, he said.
If not ______ with the respect he feels due to him, Jack gets very ill-tempered and grumbles all the time.[2004]
Though off-puttingly complicated in detail, local taxes are _____ simple.
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{{B}}SECTION A TALKIn this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word (s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.{{/B}}
The Internet, cell phones, palmtop computers and other digital technology allows one to quickly gain______to a variety of information.