单选题 There's no denying that as we age ______, our body ages right along with us.

单选题 SECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS In this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO. PASSAGE ONE (1) When Tess Vigeland came home from work and cried in her backyard for three hours, she knew it was time to leave her job. Then she turned in her notice the following week. (2) With her recently published book, 'Leap: Leaving a Job with No Plan B to Find the Career and Life You Really Want,' she is encouraging people to make similar moves. While doing so certainly involves some risk, Vigeland says it doesn't mean being reckless. 'I'm not saying, 'Leave a job without bothering to think about the consequences,'' she says, adding that doing some financial planning in advance is important. Saving, trimming expenses and picking up freelance work are just a few of the ways to make leaving your job more manageable financially. (3) Indeed, Vigeland says that as the economy appears to recover, more and more people are looking to walk away from being an employee in order to pursue big dreams, self-employment, travel or other opportunities. If you are considering a similarly big change, Vigeland suggests you keep the following in mind: Scrutinize your finances. (4) Vigeland recommends considering your current expenses and income, including from alternate sources, such as a partner's salary or freelance work, to consider whether you can cover your basic living costs without your primary income. 'I did some calculations with my husband and we figured his salary could pay the mortgage with me not working at all,' she says. In addition, she planned to take on freelance work so her income would not go to zero. 'I also knew I had a large retirement account that I could tap into if I had to, and home equity,' she adds. Adjust your lifestyle (5) After leaving her job in public radio, Vigeland's income the following year was just one-third of what it had been previously, which meant she and her husband had to cut certain expenses from their budget. 'We didn't go out to dinner as much, we didn't go on big vacation trips and we just did a lot of road trips around California, and that was fine,' she says. Redefine retirement (6) Vigeland hasn't contributed much to her retirement accounts since she left her full-time job, and she's OK with that. 'I stopped living for retirement. I don't want to stop working at age 65. I'm 46 now, and I hope I'm working for the next 30 years,' she says. Instead of saving money for retirement and saving your adventures for old age, Vigeland suggests traveling and living on less now, when you can enjoy it even more. Save up before quitting (7) Vigeland wishes she had saved more money before leaving her job, and it's something she encourages others to do now. 'I felt pressure to be churning out dollars and getting a paycheck, and I think better savings, even three months, would have saved me from a lot of that,' she says. Instead of scrambling to pick up freelance assignment as soon as possible after quitting, she could have taken her time more. (8) While leaving a steady job does come with some financial risk, Vigeland says the benefit is that it offers the chance to dream big about your next steps. 'It allows you to think about possibilities outside of what you would automatically assume. When you're in a job, it's hard to have the time to explore and think about what other options might be out there for you,' she says. PASSAGE TWO (1) Over the years, so many exceptions and amendments were made to China's one-child policy that it was hard to pinpoint a moment to pronounce it dead. But Thursday's announcement that all Chinese couples will be allowed two children is as good a moment as any to write the obituary(讣告) for this controversial policy: China's one-child policy died on October 29th, 2015. It was thirty-five years old. (2) Xinhua, the official news agency, reported that China will 'fully implement a policy of allowing each couple to have two children as an active response to an aging population,' but said the implementation and timing would be up to the provinces. (3) Demographers have long warned that, because of the one-child policy, the Chinese economy will be hobbled by a shortage of workers. China's fertility rate, estimated by the World Bank in 2013 to be 1.7 births per woman, is below the replacement rate of 2.1. One in ten Chinese is now over the age of sixty-five, and that number is likely to double by mid-century. By 2022, India will become the world's most populous nation, surpassing China, according to the population division of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. (4) Baby-related stocks reacted Thursday with the giddiness of, well, toddlers. Chinese companies that make strollers, car seats, baby formula, and baby food all advanced, according to the Wall Street Journal. (5) Beyond that, though, the near-term impact might be mainly symbolic. By switching to a 'two-child policy', the Chinese government has signaled that it does not intend to dismantle its family-planning infrastructure. Restrictions will still apply, especially to unmarried couples and single mothers; families that want more than one child will still need to go through an application procedure, although it will be simplified. (6) The English-language China Daily reported on Friday that ninety million Chinese couples will be eligible to have a second child, but it appears likely that only a fraction will choose to do so. In late 2013, the government announced that adults who had grown up without siblings would be permitted to have two children, but, of the eleven million eligible citizens, only 1.5 million have applied. In an online survey conducted by Sina News on Thursday, which received a hundred and seventy-four thousand responses, only twenty-nine per cent of couples said they would like to have a second child. 'Only if the government raises my salary' was a typical response of those who said they would not. PASSAGE THREE (1) The old saying of never forgetting a pretty face might be untrue as psychologists believe beautiful people are less likely to be recognized. A new study suggests that attractiveness can actually prevent the recognition of faces, unless a pretty face is particularly distinctive. (2) German psychologists think the recognition of pretty faces is distorted by emotions. Scientists at the University of Jena, Germany, discovered that photos of unattractive people were more easily remembered than pretty ones when they showed them to a group of people. Researchers Holger Wiese, Carolin Altmann and Stefan Schweinberger from the university, wrote in their study: 'We could show that the test subjects were more likely to remember unattractive faces than attractive ones, when the latter didn't have any particularly noticeable traits.' (3) For the study, which was published in science magazine Neuropsychologia, the psychologists showed photos of faces to test subjects. Half of the faces were considered to be more attractive and the other half as less attractive, but all of them were being thought of as similarly distinctive looking. The test subjects were shown the faces for just a few seconds to memorize them and were shown them again during the test so that they could decide if they recognized them or not. (4) The scientists were surprised by the result. 'Until now we assumed that it was generally easier to memorize faces, which are being perceived as attractive, just because we prefer looking at beautiful faces,' Dr. Wiese said. But the study showed that such a connection cannot be easily sustained. He assumes that remembering pretty faces is distorted by emotional influences, which enhance the sense of recognition at a later time. The researchers' idea is backed up by evidence from EEG-recordings (脑电图记录) which show the brain's electric activity, which the scientists used during their experiment. (5) The study also revealed that in the case of attractive faces, considerably more false positive results were detected. In other words, people thought they recognized a face without having seen it before. 'We obviously tend to believe that we recognize a face just because we find it attractive.' Dr. Wiese said. PASSAGE FOUR (1) For more than fifty years, eating at fast-food restaurants has been an almost clinically impersonal experience: the food is rapidly prepared, remarkably cheap, utterly uniform, and served immediately. (2) I asked a woman Davis working at Sweetgreen, the destination of which is fast and delicious food made with organic ingredients sourced from local farmers, if they ever patronized McDonald's or similar restaurants. She shuddered and said nothing. After a brief silence, another worker Nguyen owned up to eating at McDonald's once or twice a month, but not for a Big Mac or French fries. 'They have some surprisingly good food these days,' she said in a confessional whisper. 'But I would never be seen walking down the street with a McDonald's bag in my hand.' I asked why. 'Shame,' she replied. 'I don't know anyone who would feel differently.' (3) Speed and convenience matter as much as ever to American diners. But increasingly people also demand the information that places like Sweetgreen offer. They want to know what they are eating and how it was made; they prefer to watch as their food is prepared, see the ingredients, and have a sense of where it all came from. And they are willing to pay more for what they perceive to be healthier fare. (4) When I asked Dan Coudreaut, the company's executive chef and vice-president of culinary innovation, what mattered most to McDonald's, taste, price, or efficiency, he sighed. 'Our main job is to create value for our shareholders, for our company, for our restaurateurs,' he said. 'We are not a nonprofit organization and we are not married to any one area. We are married to being a successful business. Society is shifting in a major direction, so guess what—McDonald's is going to shift, too.' (5) The company is trying everything it can to win back deserters. Last month, in keeping with prevailing desires and current nutritional wisdom, McDonald's abandoned margarine for butter. The company announced recently that it would stop selling chickens that have been raised with antibiotics that could affect human health, and milk from cows that had been treated with growth hormones. They introduced low-calorie 'artisan grilled chicken' sandwiches and, this month, began serving breakfast all day—fulfilling a request that the Egg McMuffin crowd has been making for years. McDonald's has also jumped on the seasonal-food bandwagon (潮流), having sold about thirty-seven million Cuties, the brand of clementines that come with Happy Meals. (6) McDonald's describes all these changes as an attempt to 'reassert' itself as 'a modem, progressive burger company.' Nonetheless, daunting questions hover over its ambitious agenda, and over the entire industry. Can traditional restaurant chains, indelibly branded as places to eat cheap food fast, switch to healthier fare and stay profitable? And to what degree can companies like Sweetgreen thrive by offering a fresher, more nutritious alternative?

单选题 Tom gave me a new knife as ______ for the one he lost.

单选题 All the following participles (分词) functions as an attributive EXCEPT

单选题 How could Hitler's vast operation of highly-organized mass murder, which was not ______ to Jews, come about?

单选题 We were suddenly ______ when I was speaking to John on the phone.

单选题 ______ most of his life unsure where he'll sleep, the homeless now has a place of his own.

单选题 The government ______ a public debate on the future direction of the official sports policy.

单选题 The average daily ______ of ftuit and vegetables is around 200 grams.

单选题 If this technique should be extended to other crop plants, the rate of production ______ in this area.

单选题 Sorry I'm late. I ______ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.

单选题 Paper produced every year is four times ______ the weight of the world's production of vehicles.

单选题 A. abolish B. adjustments C. administration D. amazing E. bother F. compares G. comprises H. constantly I. dominant J. eliminate K. launch L. mysterious M. precise N. probably O. undertake Attention to detail is something everyone can and should do—especially in a tight job market. Bob Crossley, a human-resources expert, notices this in the job applications that come across his desk every day. 'It's 42 how many candidates eliminate themselves,' he says. 'Resumes arrive with stains. Some candidates don't 43 to spell the company's name correctly. Once I see a mistake, I 44 the candidate,' Crossley concludes. 'If they cannot take care of these details, why should we trust them with a job?' Can we pay too much attention to details? Absolutely. Perfectionists struggle over little things at the cost of something larger they work toward. 'To keep from losing the forest for the trees,' says Charles Garfield, professor at the University of California, San Francisco, 'we must 45 ask ourselves how the details we're working on fit into the large picture.' Garfield 46 this process to his work as a computer scientist at NASA. 'The Apollo Ⅱ moon 47 was slightly off course 90 percent of the time,' says Garfield. 'But a successful landing was still likely because we knew the 48 coordinates of our goal. This allowed us to make 49 as necessary.' Knowing where we want to go helps us judge the significance of every task we 50 . Often we believe what accounts for others' success is some special secret or a lucky break. But rarely is success so 51 . Again and again, we see that by doing little things within our grasp well, large rewards follow.

单选题 He planned to steal the money, but his ______ were discovered.

单选题 Neither of the young men who had applied for a position in the university ______.

单选题 The local newspaper has a ______ of 10,000 copies a day.

单选题 I like to go to the cinema when I am in the ______ for it.

单选题 It is a common theme in many science fiction stories that the world may one day be ______ by outer space invaders.

单选题 Section A Multiple-Choice Questions In this section there are three passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO. Text A The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has warned pregnant women against travel to several countries in the Caribbean and Latin America where the Zika virus is spreading. Infection with the virus appears to be linked to the development of unusually small heads and brain damage in newborns. Some pregnant women who have been to these regions should be tested for the infection, the agency also says. Here are some answers and advice about the outbreak. What is the Zika virus? A tropical infection new to the Western Hemisphere. The Zika virus is a mosquito-transmitted infection related to dengue, yellow fever and West Nile virus. Although it was discovered in the Zika forest in Uganda in 1947 and is common in Africa and Asia, it did not begin spreading widely in the Western Hemisphere until last May, when an outbreak occurred in Brazil. Until now, almost no one on this side of the world had been infected. Few of us have immune defenses against the virus, so it is spreading rapidly. Millions of people in tropical regions of the Americas may have had it. How is the virus spread? Mosquitoes, but not every species. Zika is spread by mosquitoes of the Aedes species, which can breed in a pool of water as small as a bottle cap and usually bite during the day. The aggressive yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, has spread most Zika cases, but that mosquito is common in the United States only in Florida, along the Gulf Coast, and in Hawaii-although it has been found as far north as Washington in hot weather. The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, is also known to transmit the virus, but it is not clear how efficiently. That mosquito ranges as far north as New York and Chicago in summer. Although the virus is normally spread by mosquitoes, there has been one report of possible spread through blood transfusion. How do I know if I've been infected? Is there a test? It's often a silent infection, and hard to diagnose. Until recently, Zika was not considered a major threat because its symptoms are relatively mild. Only one of five people infected with the virus develop symptoms, which can include fever, rash, joint pain and red eyes. Those infected usually do not have to be hospitalized. There is no widely available test for Zika infection. Because it is closely related to dengue and yellow fever, it may cross-react with antibody tests for those viruses. To detect Zika, a blood or tissue sample from the first week in the infection must be sent to an advanced laboratory so the virus can be detected through sophisticated molecular testing. Is there a treatment? No. The C.D.C. does not recommend a particular antiviral medication for people infected with the Zika virus. The symptoms are mild-when they appear at all-and usually require only rest, nourishment and other supportive care. How does Zika cause brain damage in infants? Experts are only beginning to figure it out. Scientists do not fully understand the connection. The possibility that the Zika virus causes microcephaly-unusually small heads and damaged brains-emerged in October, when doctors in northern Brazil noticed a surge in babies with the condition. It is not known exactly how common microcephaly has become in that outbreak. About three million babies are born in Brazil each year. Normally, about 150 cases of microcephaly are reported, and Brazil says it is investigating more than 3,500 reported cases. But reporting of suspected cases commonly rises during health crises. Is there a vaccine? How should people protect themselves? Protection is difficult in mosquito-infested regions. There is no vaccine against the Zika virus. Efforts to make one have just begun, and creating and testing a vaccine normally takes years and costs hundreds of millions of dollars. Because it is impossible to completely prevent mosquito bites, the C.D.C. has advised pregnant women to avoid going to regions where Zika is being transmitted, and has advised women thinking of becoming pregnant to consult doctors before going. Travelers to these countries are advised to avoid or minimize mosquito bites by staying in screened or air-conditioned rooms or sleeping under mosquito nets, wearing insect repellent at all times and wearing long pants, long sleeves, shoes and hats. Text B Brothers Aaron, Finn and Ryan Freeman-Hayden set off for St. Colman's School in Ballindaggin full of excitement and nerves last week where they were welcomed by principal Frank Murphy and teacher Ms. Wickham. The brothers are no strangers to the limelight having made a very dramatic entrance into the world in December 2010 when their heavily pregnant snow-bound mum Mandy had to be rescued by a 4x4 jeep ambulance. Mandy was facing a scary home birth alone at the time because the treacherous and icy weather made them almost impossible to reach. Even an airlift from a Waterford-based air ambulance was ruled out, when sub zero conditions grounded the chopper, and two jeep ambulances, along with two ordinary ambulances were dispatched to aid the terrified mum-to-be. At the time Mandy said she was 'absolutely petrified. I thought there's no way I can have triplets here at home. John was talking to them on the phone and they told him to get towels and hot water ready as a last resort'. The triplets weren't due until the end of January but doctors at Holles Street had arranged for her to have a scheduled section on December 15 when she would have been 34 weeks. However the three boys were far more impatient and eager to meet their parents arriving when Mandy was 32 weeks pregnant. Fortunately the triplets were born healthy. Aaron arrived first weighing at 4.4 lbs, followed by Finn at 4.11bs and finally the third baby Ryan at 8.57 a.m. at 3.55 lbs. They continued to thrive after their dramatic start to life and have been a great joy to the family. Mandy, who is originally from Dublin, lives in Mountain View, Ballindaggin with the triplets and their 13-year-old daughter Chloe. Mandy said the boys were very excited about starting school and had settled in fantastically. 'They are as happy as Larry there. It's great. There's not a bother on them.' However it was no mean feat getting the three boys ready for school and Mandy said she had to get organised early in the summer. 'It was a lot of work and money getting them ready because naturally there's three of everything so there was a lot of work to it. But I started early in the summer so it wasn't too bad.' Text C When a Chinese scholar boarded a flight for Honolulu at the end of August, he was carrying precious cargo: a long-hunted fountain pen that once belonged to Fleet Adm. Chester Nimitz. On the deck of the USS Missouri anchored in Tokyo Bay 70 years ago, Adm. Nimitz took two pens from his pocket and signed Japan's surrender, putting a formal end to World War Ⅱ. One of them—a Parker fountain pen given to Adm. Nimitz by a friend and California banker named Y.C. Woo—soon vanished. The missing Parker pen's journey from the admiral's pocket to a Chinese museum and now temporarily back to the U.S. culminates a four year quest by an implausible cast of characters, including Mr. Woo's grandson and a former attorney general of Hawaii. Tracking the pen down and returning it to the USS Missouri has proved a mission in transcending the politics that define U.S-China relations today. 'The stroke of these pens ended the war,' said Mike Weidenbach, curator of the USS Missouri memorial in Honolulu. Seven decades after World War Ⅱ's close, the U.S. and China still diverge over how to commemorate it. This week, Beijing is hosting a massive military parade to mark the anniversary of the war's end. Chinese state television has been filled with reminders of the wartime atrocities of Japan, now a U.S. ally. 'With all these other things going on out there that are negative, here's an opportunity to look at friendship and comradeship of two nations that fought side by side in World War Ⅱ,' said Michael Lilly, the former Hawaii attorney general, who helped negotiate with China to bring the Parker pen to the U.S. The pen's journey began in another era. Following Japan's invasion of China, the Woo family fled Shanghai in 1940, said Y.C. Woo's grandson, Paul Woo, who began searching for the pen in 2011. They immigrated to San Francisco, where Y.C.Woo served as managing director of Bank of Canton. The Woo family then moved to Berkeley, becoming neighbors with Adm. Nimitz and his wife. The two couples developed a close friendship—relationship documented by Adm. Nimitz's biographer, naval historian E.B. Potter. As the Pacific war closed in on Japan during the summer of 1945, Mr. Woo gave the Parker pen to Adm. Nimitz as a gift, according to Mr. Woo's grandson and the biography. Adm. Nimitz signed two copies of the Japanese surrender document on Sept. 2, 1945, one with an old favourite pen and the other with Mr. Woo's gift. With the war finally finished, the admiral returned the Parker pen to Mr. Woo. The other one is kept at the U.S. Naval Academy in Annapolis. Adm. Nimitz was one among several U.S. officials to sign the surrender documents that day; another was Gen. Douglas MacArthur. Back in China, Mr. Woo was related to Chiang Kai-shek through marriage, and later sent him the Parker pen as a gift, according to Paul Woo. It remains unclear what happened to the pen as Chiang retreated from their base in Nanjing, eventually fleeing to Taiwan. Paul Woo—who is the director of career services at the University of Chicago Law School—recalls his grandfather's friendship with Adm. Nimitz, and has memories of visiting the retired admiral's home as a child. When he began the search for the pen, he assumed it was buried away somewhere in Taiwan. Mr. Woo sought help from Taiwanese authorities in Chicago. But he learned over time the pen had never reached Taiwan. As the hunt continued, it became clear the missing Parker pen was, in fact, at a museum in Nanjing. Others began hearing about Paul Woo's search. 'I said, 'OK, how do we get the pen here?'', said Mr. Lilly, the former attorney general who also serves as a founding director of the USS Missouri Memorial Association. The organization aimed for a large celebration to mark the 70th anniversary of the war's conclusion, and worked with urgency to bring wartime relics back to the ship. About 20 veterans, including some aboard the USS Missouri, were set to attend a ceremony on Wednesday, according to the group. 'We realized we don't have any more time,' said Mr. Weidenbach. 'The 70th is going to be last time that World War Ⅱ veterans of any number are still going to be alive.' Mr. Lilly wrote the Chinese Embassy in Washington about bringing the pen to Hawaii. After a few weeks, an official there responded positively, he said. A loan agreement with the Nanjing museum was eventually reached. The Nanjing museum official who carried the pen from China, Ouyang Zongjun, said it was a reminder of U.S.-China wartime cooperation and confirmed details of its history. For Mr. Woo, tracking down the pen has been a deeply personal journey, and a chance to learn details of his immigrant family's history that were seldom discussed when he was young. 'My family is very, very humble,' he said. 'I don't think anyone in the family knew too much until after grandfather died.' Mr. Woo today sees the pen as a symbol of peace that 'trumps questions of nationalism,' he said. Despite his grandfather's ties to U.S. and to the Chiang government, China remains the Parker pen's rightful home today, he said. 'Maybe that's just,' said Mr. Woo, after reflecting on China's millions of wartime casualties. 'It belongs to all Chinese regardless of whether you're in Taiwan or in the mainland.'