单选题Stupendous prices were paid in a historic sale of 19th- and 20th-century avant-garde paintings collected over a lifetime by John Hay Whitney and his wife, Betsy Cushing Whitney. Picasso's "Garcon à la Pipe" (Boy With a Pipe), painted in 1905, shot up to $104.1 million at Sotheby's during a protracted bidding match over the telephone. That is nearly twice the previous record for the artist: the $55 million paid for "La Femme aux Bras Croisés" at Christie's New York in November 2000. The huge figure reflects the double iconic value that the portrait derived from its mastery and from the aura of its owners, the very patrician Whitneys. The portrait is perhaps the artist's ultimate achievement. Constantly hailed as the giant of modem art, Picasso was probably at his greatest when working under the spell of Old Masters. The rigorous composition, the color balance and the profound psychological probe of the young sitter place the likeness in a category that begins with Italian Renaissance portraitists and continues right through the 19th century with Corot and Degas. Bought by Whitney in 1950, the painting was seen at distant intervals in major exhibitions dealing with the artist, from the 1967 Grand Palais retrospective in Pads to the 1996 portrait show at the Museum of Modem Art in New York. The portrait was thus both famous in art history and forgotten. This maximized its impact. Not least, "Garcon à la Pipe" epitomized the taste of connoisseurs of the old school who bought on the strength of their convictions, not on advice. They collected for the sake of the art, neither for investment--they were already rich--nor to achieve social status, which they had by birth. In short, the Whitney sale marked the end of an era when the old cultivated elite of the Western world dominated the art market. Buyers sensed the unique character of the occasion. They responded to pictures that played each other up, linked by affinities that went beyond style or school. Edouard Manet's "Les Courses au Bois de Boulogne" (Races in the Bois de Boulogne) is as important regarding the Impressionist's painting as "Garcon" is within Picasso's oeuvre. The complex composition worthy of 17th-century masters is combined with a sketchiness in much of the detail that already heralds the march toward Abstractionism. The forward thrust of the horses in the foreground and the tense postures of their riders give the picture a vigor and an authority it shares with the Picasso. And like Picasso's portrait, it owes a soothing harmony to its color balance. The Manet brought $26.3 million--a figure deemed disappointing by some only because market prices are at an all-time high. The same combination of boldness in composition and harmony in the color scheme can again be detected in Claude Monet's "Bateaux Sur le Galet" (Boats on the Strand), painted in 1884. Here too the work is unusual. The thrust of the brush strokes that define the boats and the close-up view of hulls that seem to burst out of the space in which they are lodged create an Expressionist effect. At $4.46 million, the rare masterpiece was worth every penny of it. With remarkable consistency, Whitney sought and found similar characteristics in the work of artists that seemed least likely to display them. Odilon Redon's admirable still life of flowers in a vase seems compressed in a space too small to contain it. Painted in oil rather than drawn in pastel, the still life has a brilliance in its color harmony that is quite unusual. Curiously, "Fleurs Darts un Vase Vert" cost a comparatively moderate $1.68 million. It was not obvious enough in the context of that evening's sale. The collector's versatility where style, school and period were concerned was exceptional. He apparently bought with equal relish some paintings as extraordinarily advanced for their time as others seem rooted in timeless classicism. "Nature Morte au Purro II" was painted by Matisse around 1904-1905 in the contrasted colors of the Fauves, quickly applied in juxtaposed touches. These distill form and outline. The still life rose to $1.85 million, but did not match the highest expectations pinned on it. The Matisse bears a kinship of sorts to one of Paul Signac's most original compositions, painted in 1887. In the small close-up view of the stem of a boat, the sea and the sky are handled as a shower of broad greenish and bluish specks. The Signac touched a chord. At $1 million it fared better than the Matisse in comparative terms. Given their modernity, neither picture was wildly expensive in today's market.

单选题The minimal phonological unit that distinguishes meaning is ______.A. phonemeB. morphemeC. rootD. syllable

单选题The author quotes from The Nation, most probably in order to ______.

单选题Which of the following words best characterizes the European attitude to older workers?

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单选题The different phones which can represent a phoneme in different phonetic environments are called the ______ of that phoneme.

单选题As environmental protection becomes a global issue, a new term—" Green EFL" is working its way into our vocabulary. What does it mean? The Project in the English Country School in southern England gives you some idea and shows how environment protection and language teaching can be combined together. In this school, there are projects on the classification of trees and their leaves, on insects and other invertebrates, pond and river life, flowers and hedgerows. There are air pollution surveys, litter surveys, recycling projects, acid rain surveys, farm visits, countryside walks, sculptures and collages created from natural materials. It is all backed up in the classroom with EFL materials about the environment-the rain forests, biological diversity, global warming-and with materials which concentrate on the students' immediate environment under the general heading of "Health": smoking, alcohol and drug abuse, diet and exercise. For example, the topic of pollution will involve the students searching the local environment to find out what has been thrown away. This is then classified according to the type of material found and whether it is recyclable or not. The students follow instructions to set up simple experiments to detect air and water pollution. They investigate mosses and lichens, looking up their findings in field guides, to determine the number and quality of species. They compare and collate their findings, producing diagrams, writing up their results and drawing conclusions. They then practise language work on topics such as the Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming. How do the students benefit from this? In common with all project work, learner autonomy, co-operation and motivation is fostered. The language practice takes place in a natural and enjoyable setting. As a result the students develop an appreciation of and an alertness and sensitivity toward their surroundings. Another advantage of Green EFL is that the environment is a global issue: What happens in one country affects what happens in another. The environment thus spans borders and cultures. We can teach the language, English, through the environment, without teaching "Englishness", or "Americanness," or whatever other cultural values we might accidentally or deliberately put across to our students. Finally, through an understanding of the global environment, and the issues which affect it, students will be better able to meet challenges in the future. For the teacher interested in teaching English through environmental studies, there is a surprising amount of material available. The Cambridge Advanced English exam, with its emphasis on scientific/authentic English, has encouraged authors to include texts on various environmental issues. Sue O'connell's "Focus on Advanced English", for example, includes a chapter called "Paradise Lost" about the rain forests; "Passport to Cambridge Advanced English" discusses the Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming; "Cambridge Advanced English' by Leo Jones, has a chapter about Greenpeace and the Antarctic; and so on. Environmental topics in Children% EFL textbooks are also catching on. Book 3 of Collins' "Mode" series is particularly useful.

单选题The eldest and largest Australian party is[A] the Liberal Party.[B] the National Party.[C] the Australian Democrats.[D] the Labor Party.

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单选题The home of golf is ______ where the game has been played since the 17th century. A. England B. Scotland C. Northern Ireland D. Wales

单选题______ was an Irish dramatist and writer who became an active member of the Fabian Society and won Nobel Prize for Literature in 1925.

单选题It can be inferred from the passage that countries currently industrializing ______.

单选题"You have left the window wide open." Which of the following is the illocutionary act performed by the speaker?A. The speaker intends to ask someone to close the window or make a complaint.B. The hearer closes the window.C. The speaker intends to express what the words literally mean.D. None of the above.

单选题______ has tried such an approach as "everywhere Internet audio".

单选题Charles' staff were enchanted by Diana because ______.

单选题The "truss" is______.

单选题The national anthem of Australia since 1984 has been______.

单选题As a philosophical and literary moment,______flourished in New England from the 1830s to the Civil War.A. modernismB. rationalismC. sentimentalismD. transcendentalism

单选题It can be inferred from the first paragraph that cosmologists ______.

单选题{{B}}TEXT E{{/B}} Rabies is an ordinarily infectious disease of the central nervous system, caused by a virus and, as a rule, spread chiefly by domestic dogs and wild flesh-eating animals. Man and all warm-blooded animals are susceptible to rabies. The people of ancient Egypt, Greece and Rome ascribed rabies to evil spirits because ordinarily gently and friendly animals suddenly became vicious and violent without evident cause and, after a period of maniacal behaviour, became paralysed and died. Experiments carried out in Europe in the early nineteenth century of injecting saliva from a rabid dog into a normal dog proved that the disease was infectious. Preventive steps, such as the destruction of stray dogs, were taken and by 1826 the disease was permanently eliminated in Norway, Sweden and Denmark. Though urban centres on the continent of Europe were cleared several times during the nineteenth century, they soon became reinfected since rabies was uncontrolled among wild animals. During the early stages of the disease, a rabid animal is most dangerous because it appears normal and friendly, but it will bite at the slightest provocation. The virus is present in the salivary glands(腺) and passes into the saliva so that the bite of the infected animal introduces the virus into a fresh wound. If no action is taken, the virus may become established in the central nervous system and finally attack the brain. The incubation(潜伏期) period varies from ten days to eight months or more, and the disease develops more quickly the nearer to the brain the wound is. Most infected dogs become restless, nervous, and irritable and vicious, then depressed and paralysed. With this type of rabies, the dog's death is inevitable and usually occurs within three to five days after the onset of the symptoms. Anti-rabies vaccine(疫苗) is widely used nowadays in two ways. Dogs may be given three-year protection against the disease by one powerful injection, while persons who have been bitten by rabid animals are given a course of daily injections over a week or ten days. The mortality rate from all types of bites from rabid animals has dropped from 9% to 0.5%. In rare cases, the vaccine will not prevent rabies in human beings because the virus produces the disease before the person's body has time to build up enough resistance. Because of this, immediate vaccination is essential for anyone bitten by an animal observed acting strangely and the animal should be captured circumspectly, and examined professionally or destroyed.