单选题Which of the following statements is NOT correct?A．Words and phrases are organized according to syntactic categories．B．Lexical categories are commonly known as parts of speech．C．Only major lexical categories are open categories．D．Both major and minor lexical categories are open categories．

单选题The world's largest freshwater lake is LakeA. SuperiorB. OntarioC. HuronD. Michigan

单选题At first, locomotives could not popularize themselves because they ______.

单选题In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. Questions 6 and 7 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the news.

单选题The primary purpose of the letter is to

单选题{{B}}TEXT D{{/B}} The first performance of Tchaikovsky's The Nutcracker, in St. Petersburg in 1892, was a flop. Wrote one critic the next day: "For dancers there is rather little in it; for art absolutely nothing, and for the artistic fate of our ballet, one more step downward." Two decades passed before another production was attempted. A century later, the ballet constitutes the single biggest fine-arts moneymaker in the United States, which has claimed the ballet as its own. In 1996, box-office receipts for some 2,400 American performances of the work by more than 20,000 dancers totaled nearly U.S. $50 million. Despite the ballet's popularity, however, few Americans are aware of its history -- or of some of the twists and turns of fete that have changed it from its original form. Choreographer Maurice Petipa (known as the "father of classical ballet") prepared the first production for Tchaikovsky in 1892. He based his scenario not on the macabre 1816 short story The Nutcracker and the Fang of the Mice by E. T. A. Hoffmann, which the composer had thought to use for his inspiration, but on Alexander Dumas's more benign 1845 French adaptation. Petipa did use the Hoffmann version to name his characters, but mixed up some names because he could not read German. (The heroine of the piece, Clara, should be named Marie according to the story. Clara is in fact the name of one of her dolls.) In the original story the Mouse King had seven heads and terrified the seven-year-old Marie by foaming blood from all seven mouths and grinding and chattering all seven sets of teeth. These memorable characteristics, along with other sinister qualities in Hoffmann's story, are among those aspects of the original that have been removed in most modem adaptations. Removed from the ballet altogether by Petipa is a vital plot-within-a-plot in the Hoffmann story. This is the fairytale related to Marie while she recovers from injuries sustained in the battle between the forces of the Nutcracker and the Mouse King. As a result, the storyline in the ballet does not really make sense. In the fairytale, we learn that the Mouse King's desire for vengeance has its origins in his evil mother, the wily Madam Mouserinks, whose first seven sons have been executed by the royal court for eating all the fat from the royal family's sausages. In retribution, Madam Mouserinks has attacked the little Princess Pirlipat in her cradle, turning her into a misshapen creature whose beauty can be restored only if she eats a certain rare, difficult-to-crack nut called Krakatuk. After many years the nut is finally located in Asia by the court clockmaker and wizard, Drosselmeyer, whose young nephew is identified as a prime candidate to crack it. The young man is already known as "the Nutcracker" for the gallantry he shows in cracking nuts for young ladies in his father's shop. As predicted, he alone is able to crack the hard nut. He offers it to the princess to eat, and her beauty is restored. At that moment, however, the Nutcracker chances to step backwards, trampling on none other than Madam Mouserinks. She is fatally injured, but manages to place a curse on the young man before she dies. He is transformed into a grotesque parody of his former self, with a monstrous head, a yawning mouth and a lever in the back by which his jaw may be moved up and down. Madam Mouserinks sentences him to battle her son, the Mouse King, whom she bore after the death of her seven previous sons, and who has their seven heads. The curse may be removed only when the Nutcracker is able to win the love of a young lady in spite of his ugliness.... Hoffmann, the author of the original Nutcracker story, was as peculiar as many of his characters. Small and wiry, with sunken eyes and dark bushy hair, he had nervous tics that caused his hands, feet and face to twitch constantly. He adored the music of Mozart (and changed one of his middle names from Wilhelm to Amadeus, to honor the great composer), was subject to bouts of deep melancholy and was an alcoholic who sold the rights to his first book for a cellar of wine. He eventually died of a combination of liver disease and a neural illness that gradually paralyzed his body, starting with his feet. Several of Hoffmann's stories provided the basis for operas and ballets. The French composer Jacques Offenbach, for example, used three of his short stories as the basis for The Tales of Hoffmann -- a quite serious piece, breaking with Offenbach's earlier light-hearted style. Tchaikovsky, composer of The Nutcracker, was invited to conduct his work but refused. He was terrified that if he were to mount the podium and try to conduct an orchestra his head might fall off. He died shortly after the first performance of The Nutcracker, during a cholera epidemic -- it was supposed he had been drinking impure water, but a more recent theory suggests that he killed himself out of fear of exposure for a sexual scandal involving the Russian royal family. The author and the composer may have had unusual characteristics, and the story of the Nutcracker itself may be bizarre, but its popularity endures. In recent years American choreographers have played with the formula to bring it up to date. Kirk Peterson's The American Nutcracker is set in the redwood forests of Northern California and replaces some of the characters with legendary or famous American names -- notably 19th-century writer Mark Twain as a party guest. The Pacific Northwest Ballet's popular Nutcracker production uses sets by avant-garde designer Maurice Sendak and plumbs the tale's dark psychological aspects far deeper than most. Production company Ballethnic in Atlanta, Georgia, has an Urban Nutcracker set in Atlanta in the 1940s; costumes in earth, amber and chocolate tones represent the different skin colors of the ethnic mix. In Baton Rouge, Louisianna, the Regional Ballet has in its repertory a Bayou Nutcracker in which Clara falls asleep in a bayou, dreams of a lavish plantation party and travels to the land of sweets in a hot-air balloon. Americans wanting to reclaim some of the psychology of the Hoffmann short story have been investigating choreographer Mark Morris's dark 1991 update since it became available on video. Set in the 1960s, Morris's visionary The Hard Nut probes many of the same moral issues as the Hoffmann original, most of which are lost in today's conventional versions.

单选题The author indicates that the typical communist _______.

单选题The example of the sugar industry and the diet food industry is mainly to show that______.

单选题After thirty years of married happiness, he could still remind himseff that Victoria was endowed with every charm except the thrilling touch of human frailty. Though her perfection discouraged pleasures, especially the pleasures of love, be had learned in time to feel the pride of a husband in her natural frigidity. For he still clung, amid the decay of moral platitudes, to the discredited ideal of chivalry. In his youth the world was suffused with the after-glow of the long Victorian age, and a graceful feminine style had softened the manners, if not the natures, of men. At the end of that interesting epoch, when womanhood was exalted from a biological fact into a miraculous power, Virginius Littlepage, the younger son of an old and affluent family, had married Victoria Brooke, the grand-daughter of a tobacco planter, who had made a satisfactory fortune by forsaking his plantation and converting tobacco into cigarettes. While Virginius had been trained by stem tradition to respect every woman who had not stooped to folly, the virtue peculiar to her sex was among the least of his reasons for admiring Victoria. She was not only modest, which was usual in the nineties, but she was beautiful, which is unusual in any decade. In the beginning of their acquaintance he had gone even further and ascribed intellect to her; but a few months of maniage had shown this to be merely one of the many delusions created by perfect features and noble expression. Everything about her had been smooth and definite, even the tones of her voice and the way her light brown hair, which she wore la Pompadour, was rolled stiffly back from her forehead and coiled in a burnished rope on the top of her head. A serious young man, ambitious to attain a place in the world more brilliant than the secluded seat of his ancestors, he had been impressed at their first meeting by the compactness and precision of Victoria’s orderly mind. For in that earnest period the minds, as well as the emotions, of lovers were orderly. It was an age when eager young men flocked to church on Sunday morning, and eloquent divines discoursed upon the Victorian poets in the middle of the week. He could afford to smile now when he recalled the solemn Browning class in which he had first lost his heart. How passionately he had admired Victoria’s virginal features! How fervently he had envied her competent but caressing way with the poet! Incredible as it seemed to him now, he had fallen in love with her while she recited from the more ponderous passages in The Ring and the Book. He had fallen in love with her then, though he had never really enjoyed Browning, and it had been a relief to him when the Unseen, in company with its illustrious poet, had at last gone out of fashion. Yet, since he was disposed to admire all the qualities he did not possess, he had never ceased to respect the firmness with which Victoria continued to deal in other forms with the Absolute. As the placid years passed, and she came to rely less upon her virginal features, it seemed to him that the ripe opinions of her youth began to shrink and flatten as fruit does that has hung too long on the tree. She had never changed, he realized, since he had first known her; she had become merely riper, softer, and sweeter in nature. Her advantage rested where advantage never fails to rest, in moral fervor. To be invariably right was her single wifely failing. For his wife, he sighed, with the vague unrest of a husband whose infidelities are imaginary, was a genuinely good woman. She was as fax removed from pretence as she was from the posturing virtues that flourish in the credulous world of the drama. The pity of it was that even the least exacting husband should so often desire something more piquant than goodness.

单选题All his novels reveal that, as time went on, Mark Twain became increasingly ______.

单选题{{I}}Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview with a chief-editor. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following questions. Now listen to the interview.{{/I}}

单选题ItsnowedfuriouslythenightbeforeIsteppedovertheSouthRimoftheGrandCanyon.Itwasmid-May,sothesnowwaswetandnotdryenoughtostick.Butthemoisturestainedthesoftsoilatthetrailheadadovegrayandspicedtheairwiththescentofponderosapine.ThetrailIwasfollowing,theNewHance,didn"tdawdlebutmarcheddirectlytothecanyon"sedge,tookasharpturn,thenplungedstraightdownhill,ano-nonsenseapproachtoreachingitsdestination:thebottomofthecanyonandthebanksoftheColoradoRivernearlyaverticalmilebelow.ItmayseemimplausibletothemorethanfourmillionofuswhocomeeachyeartomarvelattheGrandCanyon,butthismagnificentandseeminglyuninhabitablegeology,exaltedsince1919asanationalpark,wasindeedonceahome.Foratleast10,000yearspeoplelived,loved,traded,evenfarmedinthecanyon"sdepths.Theymarkeditwithnames,woveitstemple-likepeaksandbluffsintotheirlore,andbreathedtheirspiritsintoeveryspring,everymarbledcliffandlargerocks.Andthen,amerecenturyago,newcomerstothecanyon,overcomebyitsbeauty,decidedthatnohumanhabitationwaseveragaintomarthecanyonpark.Landformsthatcardedaname,aspiritofthepast,werenamedanew.Aboveuscastle-likebluffsandterracesofrainbow-huedsoilsrosetotheskylikeageologicalcathedral.Weweredwarfsonadesertbeach—butdwarfswithaprincelyfloodofwateratourfeet.Soweflungoffourpacks,droppedourtrekkingpoles,and,surelylikethosefirstpeopletoreachtheriver"sedge,plungedintothecoolwatersthathadcarvedthiscanyon,thegrandestcanyononEarth.Nativepeopleare,infact,stillfarmingintheGrandCanyon,ifnotintheparkitself.InHavasuCanyon,anarrowsidespur,theHavasupai,orHavasu"Baaja—"peopleoftheblue-greenwater"—endfieldswherethey"velivedforatleast700years.About450ofthetribe"s650memberslivehereinthevillageofSupai.Therearenoroadsorcars,soalmosteveryonetakestheeight-miletrailinbyfoot,horse,ormule.Thetrailswitchbackeddowntheriminlong,steepturns,thenmergedgentlyintoHavasuCanyon.Watahomigie,aslim-facedlocalfellow,pulleduphishorseandpointedfarupthecanyon,amongthepionpines."Seethatbunchofwildhorses?I"mplanningtocatchthatpalomino."Thehorsesstoodinasmallknotnearcanyonwailsofbeigeandgold,andsuddenlyIwantednothingmorethantoseeWatahomigiecatchthatpalomino.Hisdesire,thewildhorses,thefreedomtoroundthemup,togallopwhereone"sheartcalledseemedasrareathingasthiscanyonhome.Once,untiltheearly1900s,theHavasupaihadalsolivedinthemainGrandCanyon,farminganoasisonBrightAngelTrailnowcalledgenericallyIndianGarden.Thentheywereevicted;theirwickiups,gardens,andpeachorchardsdestroyed.Alltheyhadleftwerethe518acresofHavasuCanyonwithitsgreenish-bluestreamsandwaterfalls.Sowhensomeonelikeme,apalefacelikethosewhodidtheevicting,ridesintodusty,peopletendtolookawayorrightthroughyou.Youareasinvisibleastheybelieveyourancestorshopedtheywouldbecome.Mostofthetribe"sfarmlandisrichbottomlandthatbordersHavasuCreekandisfencedtokeepouttouristsandhorses.Behindthefencesarethehousesandpeachorchards,thefreshlyplowedfieldsreadyforplanting,andotherfieldswherethecornwasupagoodteninches.Everyhousehadacorralfullofhorses.

单选题[此试题无题干]

单选题WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEabouttheresearchDr.Smithandhiscolleagueshavebeendoing?A.Theytrytohelpcancerpatientsovercomefright.B.Theyhelpdoctorsbecomesensitivetopatients'feelings.C.Theyhavebeendoingtheresearchforfiveyears.D.Therearetotallyfiveofthemintheresearchprogram.

单选题The flag which is a combination of Britain's three parts is known as ______.

单选题The earliest work from Northern Europe is ______.

单选题 You might think they would havc learned thcir lesson by now. At the end of 2005 Republicans in the House of Representatives passed a bill that cracked down on illegal immigration.while doing nothing to regularise the position of the 12m or so people, mostly of Hispanic origin, who were living and working inside the United States without the proper papers.or to crcate a mechanism for allowing in people from Mexico and other southern neighbours to work with temporary permits. The bill never became law, but its one-sided nature helped stamp the Republicans (92% of whom voted for it in the House) as an anti-immigrant party. In April 2006 Latinos organised a day of protests in more than 100 cities; more than 500.000 people marched in Los Angeles alone. In the 2008 election 67% of Hispanics voted for Barack Obama. Now it is all happening again. Until now, the detection of illegal immigrants has invariably been a matter for the federal authorities. Republican-governed Arizona has just enacted a tough new law of its own: it requires state police to check the papers of anyone whose immigration status they have "reasonable" cause to doubt. Opponents say this is sure to lead to racial profiling. The bill is popular with angry white locals, so much so that the previously reform-minded John McCain, who is running for re-election to the Senate in Arizona, has not dared to oppose it. But in a country that is turning Hispanic at a rapid rate (by mid-century white Anglos will be another minority), the Republicans are once again hellbent on being on the wrong side of demography. The backlash will surely last longer than any bump in popularity gained by looking tough. The marches have begun again: on May 1st, up to a million people across the country took to the streets, by no means all of them Hispanic. For those who yearn for America to have a sensible immigration policy, the Arizona bill is a reason for both despair and hope. The first is easier to spell out. By any measure, Arizona's offering is deeply illiberal. It would require all non-U.S, citizens to carry documents proving their immigration status, and would require police to check those papers in any contact with anyone who might be illegal. The obvious danger is that it would lead to the systematic harassment of brown-skinned people, including legal immigrants. As for illegals, it would simply drive even more of them underground. It would also criminalise anyone who shelters or helps illegals. Even the plan's fans acknowledge that this is the toughest such bill ever passed in America. Paradoxically, the reason for hope is much the same. The bill is such a shocker that it is restarting the national debate. The Arizona law passed largely because the government is failing to do its job. The border is not secure; employers can and do hire people who have no legal right to be in America; and cross-border crime is on the rise. Better enforcement is needed. But on both political and moral grounds, better enforcement can only be part of a comprehensive immigration reform. The 12m illegals cannot be wished away, but must be given a chance to earn their citizenship; a guest-worker programme is needed to match the demands of employers with the desire of Mexicans and others to work. Mr. Obama's administration has talked a lot about an immigration bill. It is now long past time that they produced one. Otherwise, expect to see more Arizonas.

单选题People who wish to adopt abroad must follow the procedures and requirements of INS EXCEPT______.

单选题Which of the following is the representative of Realism?A. Washington Irving.B. James Fennimore Cooper.C. Nathaniel Hawthorne.D. Herman Melvill

单选题The majority of French Canadians live in[A] Quebec.[B] Ontario.[C] Newfoundland.[D] Nova Scotia.