单选题 In this section there are several reading passages
followed by a total of twenty multiple. choice questions. Read the passages
carefully and then mark your answers on your coloured answer
sheet.
{{B}}TEXT A{{/B}}
"I do." To Americans those two words
carry great meaning. They can even change your life. Especially if you say them
at your own wedding. Making wedding vows is like signing a contract, Now
Americans don't really think marriage is a business deal. But marriage is
serious business. It all begins with engagement. Traditionally,
a young man asks the father of his sweetheart for permission to marry her. If
the father agrees, the man later proposes to her. Often he tries to surprise her
by "popping the question" in a romantic way. Sometimes the couple just decides
together that the time is right to get married. The man usually gives his
fiancfe a diamond ring as a symbol of their engagement. They may be engaged for
weeks, months or even years. As the big day approaches, bridal showers and
bachelor's parties provide many useful gifts. Today many couples also receive
counseling during engagement. This prepares them for the challenges of married
life. At last it's time for the wedding. Although most weddings
follow long-held traditions, there's still room for American individualism. For
example, the usual place for a wedding is in a church. But some people get
married outdoors in a scenic spot. A few even have the ceremony while sky-diving
or riding on horseback! The couple may invite hundreds of people or just a few
close friends. They choose their own style of colors, decorations and music
during the ceremony. But some things rarely change. The bride usually wears a
beautiful, long white wedding dress. She traditionally wears "something old,
something new, something borrowed and something blue". The groom wears a formal
suit or tuxedo. Several close friends participate in the ceremony as attendants,
including the best man and the maid of honor. As the ceremony
begins, the groom and his attendants stand with the minister, facing the
audience. Music signals the entrance of the bride's attendants, followed by the
beautiful bride. Nervously, the young couple repeats their vows. Traditionally,
they promise to love each other "for better, for worse, for richer, for poorer,
in sickness and in health". But sometimes the couple has composed their own
vows. They give each other a gold ring to symbolize their marriage commitment.
Finally the minister announces the big moment: "I now pronounce you man and
wife. You may kiss your bride!" At the wedding reception, the
bride and groom greet their guests. Then they cut the wedding cake and feed each
other a bite. Guests mingle while enjoying cake, punch and other treats. Later
the bride throws her bouquet of flowers to a group of single girls. Tradition
says that the one who catches the bouquet will be the next m marry. During the
reception, playful friends "decorate" the Couple's car with tissue paper, tin
cans and a "Just Married" sign. When the reception is over, the newlyweds run to
their "decorated" car and speed off. Many couples take a honeymoon, a one,
to-two-week vacation trip, to celebrate their new marriage.
Almost every culture has rituals to signal a change in one's life;
Marriage is one of the most basic life changes for people of all cultures. So
it's no surprise to find many traditions about getting married...even in
America. Yet each couple follows the traditions in a way that is uniquely their
own.
单选题_______ is NOT run in the Summer Music School.
单选题Theheavyrainandfloodswereresponsibleforallofthefollowingexcept
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单选题{{B}}TEXT C{{/B}} "The Icarus Girl" is the
story of 8-year-old Jessamy Harrison, nicknamed Jess. The daughter of a Nigerian
mother and an English father, she is a troubled child given to tantrums and
uncontrollable screaming fits. She has no friends, hates school and is far
happier sitting inside a cupboard or writing haiku alone in her bedroom. Quite
naturally worried by all this, her mother decides that a change of scenery is in
order, so she takes the family away from its home in England and back to Nigeria
for a brief visit. Initially, Jess feels out of place there as well -- until she
meets Titiola, a mysterious girl of exactly her own age, whom she calls
TillyTilly. From the start, there's something not quite right
about TiUyTilly: she seems out of proportion. "Was she too tall and yet too ...
small at the same time? Was her neck too long? Her fingers?" At first, she
merely echoes Jess's words, but she soon develops into the friend and playmate
Jess has never had. Together they have adventures: they manage to break into
Jess's grandfather's locked study and then into an amusement park (also locked)
where the gates magically swing open. All too quickly, though,
the family returns from exotic Nigeria to prosaic England, where Jess is
surrounded once again by bullying schoolmates, a hostile teacher and her
hateful, doll-like blond cousin, Dulcie. Then, to Jess's joy, TillyTilly
reappears, simply knocking on her door. They play together, go on a picnic,
write a poem. But TillyTilly also formulates a plan to "get" Jess's
tormentors. The reader suspects that TillyTilly is one of those
imaginary friends so common to lonely childhoods, and that the strange and
sinister events are happening only in Jess's imagination. But just as Jess
herself begins to doubt whether TillyTilly is "really really" there, her
playmate's malevolent magic begins to spread, infecting every comer of Jess's
world. TillyTilly's power, at least, is far from imaginary. She
reveals that Jess had a twin who died at birth -- and that she intends to act on
that twin's behalf. No longer a girl but a horrific primeval presence, she takes
over Jess's bedroom, mining it from a safe haven into a place of terror. "Stop
looking to belong, half-and-half child," TillyTilly intones. "Stop. There is
nothing; there is only me, and I have caught you." Oyeyemi
brilliantly conjures up the raw emotions and playground banter of childhood,
writing with the confidence and knowledge of one who has only recently left that
state herself. Jess's schoolmates, her therapist, the people she meets in
Africa, even her parents, remain suitably shadowy figures, seen solely through
the distorting lens of Jess's increasingly skewed perception.
"The Icarus Girl" explores the melding of cultures and the dream time of
childhood, as well as the power of ancient lore to tint the everyday experiences
of a susceptible little girl's seemingly protected life. Deserving of all its
praise, this is a masterly first novel -- and a nightmarish story that will
haunt Oyeyemi' s readers for months to come.
单选题WhatdoesthenewsitemsayaboutthefiresinGreece?
单选题A person in Beijing can describe what happens in Australia; similarly, a 21st-century person can talk about events in ancient times. This demonstrates that language possesses the design feature of ______.A. displacement B. dualityC. cultural transmission D. productivity
单选题What is the author's attitude towards animal research?
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单选题Which of the following is NOT the member of the United Nations Security
Council?
A.Britain.
B.China.
C.Japan.
D.France.
单选题WhichofthefollowingisNOTapointmadebyDanielatthebeginningpart?
单选题 "What's the difference between God and Larry Ellison?" asks
an old software industry joke. Answer: God doesn't think he's Larry Ellison. The
boss of Oracle is hardly alone among corporate chiefs in having a reputation
liar being rather keen on himself. Indeed, until the bubble burst and the public
turned nasty at the start of the decade, the cult of the celebrity chief
executive seemed to demand bossily narcissism, as evidence that a firm was being
led by an all-conquering hero. Narcissus met a nasty end, of
course. And in recent years, boss-worship has come to be seen as bad for
business. In his management bestseller, "Good to Great", Jim Collins
argued that the truly successful bosses were not the sell-proclaimed stars who
adorn the covers of Forbes and Fortune, but instead self-effacing,
thoughtful, monkish sorts who lead by inspiring example. A
statistical answer may be at hand. For the first time. a new study, "'It's All
About Me", to be presented next week at the annual gathering of the American
Academy of Management, offers a systematic, empirical analysis of what effect
narcissistic bosses have on the firms they run. The authors, Artijit Chatterjee
and Donald Hambrick, of Pennsylvania State University, examined narcissism in
the upper levels of 105 firms in the computer and software industries.
To do this, they had to solve a practical problem: studies of narcissism
have hitherto relied on surveying individuals personally, something for which
few chief executives are likely to have time or inclination. So the authors
devised an index of narcissism using six publicly available indicators
obtainable without the co-operation of the boss. These are: the prominence of
the boss's photo in the annual report; his prominence in company press releases:
the length of his "Who's Who" entry: the frequency of his use of the first
person singular in interviews; and the ratios of his cash and non-cash
compensation to those of the firm's second-highest paid executive.
Narcissism naturally drives people to seek positions of power and
influence, and because great self-esteem helps your professional advance, say
the authors, chief executives will tend on average to be more narcissistic than
the general population. How does that affect a firm? Messrs Chatterjee and
Hambrick found that highly narcissistic bosses tended to make bigger changes in
the use of important resources, such as research and development, or in spending
and leverage; they carried out more and bigger mergers and acquisitions; and
their results were both more extreme (more big wins or big losses) and more
transient than those of firms run by their humbler peers. For shareholders that
could be good or bad. Although (oddly) the authors are keeping
their narcissism ranking secret, they have revealed that Mr.Ellison did not come
top. Alas for him, that may be because the study limited itself to people who
became the boss after 1991 — well after he took the helm. In every respect
Mr.Ellison seems to be the classic narcissistic boss, claims Mr.Chatterjee.
There is life in the old joke yet.
单选题In 1990, William Deresiewicz was on his way to gaining a Ph.D. in English literature at Columbia University. Describing that time in the opening pages of his sharp, endearingly selfeffacing new book, A Jane Austen Education, Deresiewicz explains that he faced one crucial obstacle. He loathed not just Jane Austen but the entire gang of 19th-century British novelists ~ Hardy, Dickens, Eliot ... the lot. At 26, Deresiewicz wasn't experiencing the hatred born of surfeit that Mark Twain described when he told a friend, "Every time I read Pride and Prejudice I want to dig her up and hit her over the skull with her own shinbone. " What Deresiewicz was going through was the rebel phase in which Dostoyevsky rules Planet Gloom, that stage during which the best available image of marriage is a prison gate. Sardonic students do not, as Deresiewicz points out, make suitable shrine-tenders for a female novelist whose books, while short on wedding scenes, never skimp on proposals. Emma Bovary fulfilled all the young scholar's expectations of literary culture at its finest; Emma Woodhouse left him cold. "Her life," he lamented, "was impossibly narrow. " Her story, such as it was, "seemed to consist of nothing more than a lot of chitchat among a bunch of commonplace characters in a country village. " Hypochondriacal Mr. Woodhouse, garrulous Miss Bates -weren't these just the sort of bores Deresiewicz had spent his college years struggling to avoid? Maybe, he describes himself conceding, the sole redeeming feature of smug Miss Woodhouse was that she seemed to share his distaste for the dull society of Highbury. The state of outraged hostility is, of course, a setup. Many of Deresiewicz's readers will already know him as the author of the widely admired Jane Austen and the Romantic Poets. One of the novelist's most appreciative critics isn't about to knock Austen off her plinth. Nevertheless, a profound truth lies embedded in Deresiewicz's witty account of his early animosity. He applies that comic narrative device to her six completed novels. Considered so, each work reveals itself as a teaching tool in the painful journey toward becoming not only adult but useful. The truth is that young readers don't easily attach themselves to Austen. Mr. Darcy, "haughty as a Siamese cat," isn't half as appealing on the page as Colin Firth stalking across the screen in Andrew Davies's liberty-taking film. Seventeen-year-old Catherine Morland seems coltish and naive to readers of her own age today, while Emma Woodhouse, all of 20, appears loud, vain and bossy. And who, at 27 or thereabouts, now feels sympathy for the meekness of Anne Elliot, a young woman who has allowed a monstrous father and a persuasive family friend to ruin her chances of happiness with the engaging Captain Wentworth ? Deresiewicz's emphasis on Austen's lack of appeal to young readers struck a chord. The memory still lingers of being taken to lunch by my father to meet a cultured man who might, it must have been hoped, exert a civilizing influence on a willful 20-year-old. We'd barely started on the appetizers before Jane Austen's name came up. "I hate her," I announced, brandishing my scorn as a badge of pride. Invited to offer reasons, I prattled on, much like Deresiewicz's younger self, about her dreary characters: all so banal, so unimportant. Glancing up for admiration, I caught an odd expression on our guest's face, something between amusement and disgust. I carried fight on. It was another five years before I comprehended the shameless depths of my arrogance. I had matched Emma -at her worst. It happens that Emma at her worst is the turning point in Deresiewicz's account of his own conversion. The fictional scene that taught him to understand the subtlety of Austen's manipulation of the reader was the picnic at which Emma, cocksure as ever, orders gentle Miss Bates to restrict her utterance of platitudes during the meal. Miss Bates blushes painfully, and yet accepts the truth of Emma's critique. The reader has no option but to admire, however grudgingly, such quiet humility. Although he's a shrewd critic of Austen's work, Deresiewicz is less at ease when entering the genre of memoir. Girlfriends come and go; a controlling father is described without ever being quite brought to life; personal experiences of community in a Jewish youth movement are awkwardly yoked to the kindly naval group evoked by Austen in the Harville-Benwick household of Persuasion. Very occasionally, as in a startling passage that offers a real-life analogy to the socially ambitious Crawfords of Mansfield Park, a sentence leaps free of Deresiewicz's selective recollections. "You guys are lunch meat now," a friend's rich wife advises both him and her husband. "Wait a few years -you'll be sirloin steak. " Here, slicing up through the text like a knife blade, surfaces a statement to match Austen's own scalpel-wielding. Teaching became Deresiewicz's chosen vocation. And Austen, he claims, taught him the difficult art of lecturing without beingdidactic, in just the way that Henry Tilney instructs a wide-eyed Catherine Morland -and that Austen herself lays down the law to her readers. Rachel M. Brownstein's Why Jane Austen? offers a different approach. Excellent in her overview of Austen's ascent of the Olympian literary slope, Brownstein speaks down to her readers from an equally dizzy height. Pity the "smart, eloquent and clubbable" former pupil Brownstein names and thanks for having, at the end of the term, "helpfully clarified things by telling me what I had been saying. " Ouch. Students, Brownstein loftily declares, are best introduced to Austen's novels by being informed, for example, that the title "Mr. Knightley of Donwell Abbey" conceals the code words "knightly" and "donewell. " No indication is given that this formidable tutor would embrace the collaborative observations from her pupils that Deresiewicz has learned to welcome and enjoy. Brownstein remains, however, a superb critic, seen at her best when illuminating Austen's mastery of significant detail -a quality, she reminds us, Walter Scott was quick to discern and praise. Exasperated though I was when Brownstein remarked that partaking of the daily feasts at the Rockefeller Foundation's Bellagio Center presented her with a "moral" obligation, I'd gladly forgive worse for the pleasure of learning how artfully Austen sows our mistrust of her nastier characters. I have, however, one suggestion. Brownstein, almost as socially obsessed as her elegant scapegoat of choice, Lionel Trilling, dithers over exactly where to place Austen. Snobs, she declares, without much evidence, are among the novelist's firmest fans. But Austen belonged neither to the aristocracy nor to the rising middle class. There's no need for her to be pigeonholed, but if a place must be granted, how about "vicarage class" -for the position from which a parson's clever daughter could observe the mannered comedy of all walks of life?
单选题What is NOT implied about men according to the speech?
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单选题In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and
then answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each question on
ANSWER SHEET TWO. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an
interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer
each of the following five questions. Now listen to the
interview.
单选题The seat of the U.S. government in Washington D.C. is known as the ______.
单选题Which of the following is not a design feature of language?
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单选题{{B}}TEXT E{{/B}} Since the Titanic vanished
beneath the frigid waters of tile North Atlantic 85 years ago, nothing in the
hundreds of books and films about the ship has ever hinted at a connection to
Japan-until now. Director James Cameron's 200 million epic Titanic premiered at
the Tokyo International Film Festival last Saturday. Among the audience for a
glimpse of Hollywood's costliest film were descendants of the liner's only
Japanese survivor. The newly rediscovered diary of Masabumi
Hosono has driven Titanic enthusiasts in frenzy. The document is scrawled in
4,300 Japanese characters on a rare piece of RMS Titanic stationery. Written as
the Japanese bureaucrat steamed to safety in New York aboard the ocean liner
Carpathia, which rescued 706 survivors, the account and other documents released
by his grandchildren last week offer a fresh and poignant reminder of the
emotional wreckage left by the tragedy. Hosono, then 42 and an
official at Japan's Transportation Ministry, was studying railway networks in
Europe. He hoarded the Titanic in Southampton, enroute home via the US.
According to Hosono's account, he was awakened by a "loud knock" on the door of
his second class deck with the steerage passengers. Hosono tried to race back
upstairs, but a sailor blocked his way. The Japanese feigned ignorance and
pushed past. He arrived on deck to find lifeboats being lowered into darkness,
flares bursting over the ship and an eerie human silence. He wrote: "Not a
single passenger would howl or scream." Yet Hosono was screaming
inside. Women were being taken to lifeboats and men held back at gunpoint. "I
tried to prepare myself for the last moment with no agitation, making up my mind
not to do anything disgraceful as a Japanese," he wrote. "But still I found
myself looking for and waiting for any possible chance of survival." Then an
officer shouted, "Room for two more!" Hosono recalled." I myself was deep in
desolate thought that I would no more be able to see my beloved wife and
children." Then he jumped into the boat. When Hosono arrived in
Tokyo two months later, he was met with suspicion that he had survived at some-
one else's expense. The culture of shame was especially strong in prewar Japan.
In the face of rumors and bad press, Hosono was dismissed from his post in 1914.
He worked at the office part-time until retiring in 1923. His grandchildren say
he never mentioned the Titanic. again before his death in 19.39.
Even then, shame continued to haunt the family. In newspapers, letters and
even a school textbook, Hosono was denounced as a disgrace to japan. Reader's
Digest reopened the wound in 1956 with an abridged Japanese version of Walter
Load's best seller. A Night to Remember, which described "Anglo-Saxons" as
acting bravely on the Titanic, while "Frenchmen, Italians, Americans, Japanese
and Chinese were disgraceful." Citing his father's diary, one of Hosono's sons,
Hideo, launched a letter-writing campaign to restore the family name. But nobody
in Japan seemed to care. The diary resurfaced last summer. A
representative for a US foundation that plans to hold an exhibition of Titanic
artifacts in Japan next August found Hosono's name on a passenger list. A search
led him to Haruomi Hosono, a well-known composer, and to his cousin Yuriko,
Hideo's daughter. She revealed that she had her grandfather's dairy as well as a
collection of his letters and postcards. "I was floored," says Michael Findley,
cofounder of the Titanic International Society in the US. "This is a fantastic,
fresh new look at the sinking and the only one written on Titanic stationery
immediately after the disaster." The information allows
enthusiasts to rearrange some historical minutes, such as which lifeboat Hosono
jumped into. More chilling, the account confirms that the crew tried to keep
foreigners and third-class passengers on the ship's lower deck, effectively
ensuring their name. The diary cannot correct injustice; but Hosono's family
hopes it will help clear his name. The Titanic foundation also hopes to
capitalize on the diary and themovie to promote its upcoming exhibition. To that
end, Haruomi Hosono, the composer, has been asked to give a talk at next month's
public premiere of Titanic! The diary cannot, of course, match Cameron's
fictionalized epic for drama and intrigue. But at least Masabumi Hosono's tale
really happened. (719)