Celebrities are some of the world's most influential trend setters in the world of fashion, style, movies, television, food, diets, and everything else in between. The question of whether celebrities should have the right to privacy remains controversial. The following are opinions on this issue. Read the excerpts carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the different opinions; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.Vincent (China) Everyone has the right to privacy and the paparazzi should not be allowed to interfere in their life. They should be arrested and fined for invading the privacy of others and the magazines who buy the pictures should be sued as well. Why should actors be treated like this? Just because they earn more money or because of what? I think it is unfair because the paparazzi are killing the actors and pushing them too far.Vicki (the UK) Celebrities know perfectly well that when they are famous, the press is going to try and dig out all the secrets from their private life, but I do think that some things should be private because we are all human!Hannan (the US) I think that it seems a bit unfair that the press is too hard on the celebrities. Some celebrities just want to be a singer, or an actor, rather than a red-carpet walking person. They're just doing something that they really love and are so good at that they are famous for it.Linda (the UK) Even though they should have the right to their privacy, the reality is that once you put yourself in the spotlight, you must expect a certain amount of attention in your personal life. It's the price you pay for having such a high profile occupation or lifestyle.Oshuy (France) French law states that taking a picture of you while you are in your house or car or anywhere private without your consent is forbidden, but allows any shot taken in a public area ( with restrictions concerning publication). If the shot is taken at home, paparazzi may be fined. If the shot is taken inside and published, the publisher may be sued for reparations.Mark Borkowski (Russia) If you want privacy, you can obtain it by keeping a delicate balance between the needs of promoting what you have to professionally and how you conduct your life. You need to have a long-term commitment to the amount of fame you have generated. You can't switch it on and off, so you have to have a strategy of dealing with it.Christy (the US) I think that like everyone, they have the right to privacy in their houses, of their medical records, etc., just like you and me, but when they go out in public, they are fair game for the paparazzi. It's public knowledge that a job in the entertainment industry makes you a target for this kind of thing. There are some entertainers who do a good job at remaining private, and I don't think that's entirely by chance. They aren't necessarily hanging out at the "hollywood hotspots" or getting into mischief that draws attention, and therefore aren't as easy to follow. I think that they are well compensated in the size of their paychecks. It's one of those things where you have to take the good with the bad. Write your response on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.

幸福有时会同我们开一个玩笑，乔装打扮而来。机遇、友情、成功、团圆……它们都酷似幸福，但它们并不等同于幸福。幸福会借了它们的衣裙，袅袅婷婷而来，走得近了，揭去帏幔，才发觉它有钢铁般的内核。幸福有时会很短暂，不像苦难似的笼罩天空。如果把人生的苦难和幸福分置天平两端，苦难体积庞大，幸福可能只是一块小小的矿石。但指针一定要向幸福这一侧倾斜，因为它是生命的黄金。

中国民俗文化村是国内第一个荟萃各民族的民间、民俗风情和民居建筑于一园的大型文化游览区。它坐落在风光秀丽的深圳湾畔，占地18万平方米。您可以在一日之内，或乘车，或乘船，或步行在村寨里尽情游历。除了可以了解各民族的建筑风格之外，还可以欣赏和参与各民族的歌舞表演、民族手工艺品生产和民族风味食品制作的表演。

“第七届中国智能车未来挑战赛”日前在常熟展开。常熟也成为连续三次举办我国无人驾驶智能车辆发展水平比赛的城市。 此次比赛主要测试无人驾驶智能车辆完成指定城市区域特定任务以及城郊、城区、快速道路和居民小区等真实、开放的综合道路交通环境下自主驾驶的能力。着重考核无人驾驶智能车辆的安全性、舒适性、敏捷性和智能性等智能水平，赛程全程约13．5公里。来自国内12家不同高校、科研院所的20支车队参加了比赛。

[此试题无题干]

(1)One school night this month I sidled up to Alexander, my 15-year-old son, and stroked his cheek in a manner I hoped would seem casual. Alex knew better, sensing by my touch, which lingered just a moment too long, that I was sneaking a touch of the stubble that had begun to sprout near his ears. A year ago he would have ignored this intrusion and returned my gesture with a squeeze. But now he recoiled, retreating stormily to his computer screen. That, and a peevish roll of his eyes, told me more forcefully than words, Mom, you are so busted! (2)I had committed the ultimate folly: invading my teenager's personal space. "The average teenager has pretty strong feelings about his privacy," Lara Fox, a recent young acquaintance, told me with an assurance that brooked no debate. Her friend Hilary Frankel chimed in: "What Alex is saying is: "This is my body changing. It's not yours.'" Intruding, however discreetly, risked making him feel babied "at a time when feeling like an adult is very important to him," she added. (3)O.K., score one for the two of you. These young women, after all, are experts. Ms. Frankel and Ms. Fox, both 17, are the authors of Breaking the Code(New American Library), a new book that seeks to bridge the generational divide between parents and adolescents. It is being promoted by its publisher as the first self-help guide by teenagers for their parents, a kind of Kids Are From Mars, Parents Are From Venus that demystifies the language and actions of teenagers. The girls tackled issues including curfews, money, school pressures, smoking and sibling rivalry. (4)Personally, I welcomed insights into teenagers from any qualified experts, and that included the authors. The most common missteps in interacting with teenagers, they instructed me, stem from the turf war between parents asserting their right to know what goes on under their roof and teenagers zealously guarding their privacy. When a child is younger, they write, every decision revolves around the parents. But now, as Ms. Fox told me, "often your teenager is in this bubble that doesn't include you." (5)Ms. Fox and Ms. Frankel acknowledge that they and their peers can be quick to interpret their parents' remarks as dismissive or condescending and respond with hostility that masks their vulnerability. "What we want above all is your approval," they write. "Don't forget, no matter how much we act as if we don't care what you say, we believe the things you say about us." (6)Nancy Samalin, a New York child-rearing expert and the author of Loving Without Spoiling(McGraw-Hill, 2003), said she didn't agree with everything the authors suggested but found their arguments reasonable. "When your kids are saying, 'You don't get it, and you never will,' there are lots of ways to respond so that they will listen," she said, "and that's what the writers point out." (7)As for my teenager, Alex, Ms. Fox and Ms. Frankel told me I would have done better to back off or to have asked "Is your skin feeling rougher these days?" (8)A more successful approach, the authors suggest in their book, would have been for the mother to offer, as Ms. Fox's own parents did, a later curfew once a month, along with an explanation of her concerns. "My parents helped me see," Ms. Fox told me, "mat even though they used to stay out late and ride their bicycles to school, times have changed. These days there is a major fear factor in bringing up kids. Parents worry about their child crossing me street." (9)The writers said they hoped simply to shed light on teenage thinking. For their parents it did. Reminded by Ms. Fox that teenagers can be quite territorial, her father, Steven Fox, a dentist, said, "These days I'm better about knocking on the door when I want to come into Lara's room." "I try to talk to her in a more respectful way, more as an adultish type of teenager rather than a childish type of teenager," he added.

Second language teaching should focus on encouragingacquisition, and on providing input that stimulates the conscious【S1】______language acquisition potential all normal human beings have. Thisdoes not mean to say, however, that there is not room at all for【S2】______conscious learning. Conscious learning does have a role, but it is no longer a lead actor in the play. For starters, we mustn't realize that learning does not turn into【S3】______acquisition. While the idea is that we first learn a grammar rule and【S4】______then use it so much that it becomes internalized is common and mayseem obvious to many, it is not supported by theory neither by the【S5】______observation of second language acquirers, who often correctly use "rules" they have never been taught and don't even remember accurately the rules they have learned. However, there is place for grammar, or the conscious【S6】______learning of the rules of a language. Their major role is in the use【S7】______of the Monitor, which allows Monitor users to produce more correct output when they are given the right conditions to actuallyuse their Monitor, like in some planned speech and writing.【S8】______So, for correct Monitor use the users must know the rules they are【S9】______applying, and these would need to be rules that are easy to remember and apply—a very small subset of all of the grammaticalrules of a language. It is not worth for language acquisition to teach【S10】______difficult rules which are hard to learn, harder to remember, and sometimes almost impossible to correctly apply.

好的科普读物应该在知识的传递之外，贯穿这样几个重点。首先是做人。爱因斯坦说过“伟大的科学家的成就往往还不如其人格魅力对世界的贡献大”。 科学家追求真理、探索未知都是非功利的，特别是搞基础科学的，可能一辈子默默无闻，他们凭的是信念。其次，恰恰是非功利的追求带给整个人类最大的功利。科学和知识从本质上讲是属于全人类服务全社会的，现在都讲知识产权和专利，其实真正的科学家并不重视这些，科学是一代代人积累的，你在前人的基础上有所进步，那是你一个人的成果吗?科学的价值不在于专利，它只有服务人类才能体现其价值。

我们市有许多中小型企业。

In recent years, many famous universities have lowered admission requirements for celebrities. More and more celebrities have been admitted to famous universities even without an entry examination. This phenomenon has become a widespread hot topic. The following are opinions from two sides. Read the excerpts carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the opinions from both sides; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Marie: I actually find nothing wrong with this system. It's true that these celebrities just need their names to get what others have to work hard to attain to enter the university, and it seems unfair. However, if we look at it in this way: once a star successfully debut and has his/her name known, isn't that recognition of his/her talent? So if a university can admit a student with excellent records, why can't they admit a star—whose talent has been recognized by the community? I think the question is not " Is it fair or unfair to admit celebrities into universities?" but "How should the system work to preserve the fairness?" I think they should have stricter conditions (like the singers must have an award). Alfie: First of all, I think the criteria are too high, and most celebrities can't meet them. I understand why one would be angered by celebrities having it easy, especially even if you worked your buttocks off and didn't get in. But that phenomenon is everywhere. I mean most American actors go to ivy leagues. Everybody should be treated equally, but everybody knows that that rule doesn't apply to celebrities. But on the other hand, you do get celebrities that want to work hard. So I don't quite mind their admission being easy if they are willing to put on the work: afterwards.Marvin: Lowering admission requirements for celebrities is unfair to those students who spare their efforts to enter a college by examination and fair competition. If universities lower admission requirements for celebrities, some students will lose their chances to go to colleges for an unfair reason. And that is not good for carrying out our national policy in fair education. For another, this kind of action will set a negative example for people in that celebrities have a great influence on our society. If universities treat the celebrities as special figures, more and more people will use these similar examples as an excuse to seek some special treatment in various areas, which will abet the corruption in our society. A Chinese college student: Many celebrities are not good enough to get into colleges, I mean in terms of academic abilities. After they enter the colleges and universities, they will find it very hard to keep up with their classmates and to follow the teachers and courses there. Actually, in 2010 a Chinese university kicked out an Olympic gold medal winner, because she didn't get enough credits. I think that it is bad for the celebrity and the college. It is a waste of time and energy of the celebrity and a waste of social resources. Write your response on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.

A principle of manager is to ensure that every action or decision achieves a carefully planned goal.

(1)Humans are damaging the planet at an unprecedented rate and raising risks of abrupt collapses in nature mat could spur disease, deforestation or "dead zones" in me seas, an international report said on Wednesday. (2)The study, by 1,360 experts in 95 nations, said a rising human population had polluted or over-exploited two-thirds of the ecological systems on which life depends, ranging from clean air to fresh water, in me past 50 years. "At the heart of this assessment is a stark warning," said the 45-member board of the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. "Human activity is putting such strain on the natural functions of Earth that the ability of me planet's ecosystems to sustain future generations can no longer be taken for granted," it said. (3)Ten to 30 percent of mammal, bird and amphibian species were already threatened with extinction, according to the assessment, the biggest review of the planet's life support systems. "Over the past 50 years, humans have changed ecosystems more rapidly and extensively than in any comparable time in human history, largely to meet rapidly growing demands for food, fresh water, timber, fibre and fuel," the report said. "This has resulted in a substantial and largely irreversible loss in the diversity of life on earth," it added. More land was changed to cropland since 1945, for instance, man in the 18m and 19th centuries combined. (4)"The harmful consequences of this degradation could grow significantly worse in me next 50 years," it said. The report was compiled by experts, including from UN agencies and international scientific and development organizations. (5)UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan said me study "shows how human activities are causing environmental damage on a massive scale throughout the world, and how biodiversity—the very basis for life on earth—is declining at an alarming rate." The report said there was evidence mat strains on nature could trigger abrupt changes like the collapse of cod fisheries off Newfoundland in Canada in 1992 after years of over-fishing. (6)Future changes could bring sudden outbreaks of disease. Warming of the Great Lakes in Africa due to an autism expert at the University of Utah, is skeptical. The findings... are most useful to researchers attempting to define the underlying developmental neuropathology of autism, she writes in a commentary on the San Diego study, rather than to physicians trying to identify young children with autism. That's because rapid head growth can signal other childhood maladies, including tumors and hydrocephalus, and often means nothing at all. Lainhart calculates that if doctors used head circumference as a screening test for autism, they would pick up 60 healthy children for every autistic one. Courchesne concedes the point, but he still believes it's prudent for pediatricians to monitor head growth. The world's oldest measurement tool still has the power to amaze, he says. It may not provide a definitive diagnosis, but it is inexpensive, non-invasive and objective and most of the concerns it raises can quickly be resolved. Where autism is concerned, that's still as good a goal as any.

Family planning, after decades of enforcement, is to be basically changed, which may make a huge stir in our society. Read the excerpt carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the excerpt about this issue; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Family Planning When China eased its one-child policy late last year, investors bet on a surge in demand for everything from pianos to nappies. They, and government officials, foresaw a mini-boom after long-constrained parents were allowed a second go at making babies. So far, however, it is hard to identify a bedroom productivity burst. About 270,000 couples applied for permission to have a second child by the end of May, and 240,000 received it, according to the national family-planning commission. It means China will fall well short of the 1m -2m extra births that Wang Peian, the deputy director of the commission, had predicted. The problem is partly bureaucratic. China announced the relaxation of the one-child policy in November; if at least one of two parents is a single child, the couple may have two children. Provinces began implementing the new rule only in January. Fearful of a baby boom that would overwhelm hospitals and, eventually, schools, they have made the application process cumbersome. In the eastern city of Jinan, for instance, would-be parents must provide seven different documents, including statements from employers certifying their marital status. With 11m couples suddenly eligible to have a second child, some caution over easing policy may be understandable. As the process is simplified, more parents will choose to go through it. Analysts expect additional new births to rise toward lm a year over the next decade or so. That is on top of today's average of 16m births a year. All the same, the government and investors have overestimated the pent-up demand for babies. As in wealthier countries, preferences in China have shifted markedly towards smaller families. The cost of raising children has soared in cities, where competition to land a good kindergarten place is fierce. Costly housing puts a premium on living space. Analysts at Credit Suisse, a bank, reckon it takes roughly 25,000 yuan ( $4,030) a year to raise a young child. That is equivalent almost to the average annual income in China. The legacy of China's one-child policy, now over three decades old, exacerbates the problem. Grandparents are traditionally a fixture in Chinese households helping to raise the young. But with couples waiting till later in life to have children, some parents find that they are looking after both their elders and their newborn. As single children, they have no siblings to lighten the load. Liu Gang, a 31-year-old events organizer in Beijing, says he would like a second child, but his wife now has to spend months at a time in Qingdao, her hometown, to take care of her sick father. The government is investing in both day-care centres and nursing homes, but provision is woefully short. China's fertility rate has fallen to an estimated 1. 5 children per couple, in line with the European average but below the 2. 1 that maintains a constant population and is more normal for a country at China's stage of development. With China ageing quickly, a higher birth rate is needed to underpin long-term social and economic stability. In the past, the state used harsh methods to stop its citizens having babies. In the future, it will have to find clever ways to encourage people to have babies. Other countries, not least neighbouring Japan, have struggled with that. Write your response on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.

English Business Letter Format I . Demands of stationery—the first page is with a letterhead—other pages are of【T1】______and color【T1】______—one thing a personal letter should【T2】______: using letterhead【T2】______II. Matters needing attention as typing—identical typeface and size—correct grammar and spelling—neat【T3】______【T3】______—use of【T4】______to promote the appearance of the letter【T4】______III. Sections of a traditional business letterA. Return address—justifying each line—putting it at the top normally—excluding【T5】______【T5】______B. Date of the letter—white space between the return address and the date being【T6】______【T6】______nowadaysC.【T7】______【T7】______—consisting of receiver's name and his/her addressD. Ways to【T8】______the intended recipient【T8】______E. Main part—both indented paragraphs and block paragraphs being【T9】______【T9】______—fully squared paragraphs being cautiously【T10】______【T10】______F. ClosingG. Typed writer's name—signature being above the typed name while【T11】______is below it【T11】______IV. Supplementary requirements—putting "cc" at the bottom when【T12】______are necessary【T12】______ —putting the initials of the professional typist-【T13】______【T13】______—resisting templates which are usually【T14】______【T14】______—【T15】______"Office Bob"【T15】______

Watching Movies in EnglishI. One great advantage of English learners:Being able to watch【T1】 1 in English【T1】 2since Hollywood is in AmericaII. The【T2】 3 for watching movies in English【T2】 4A. Watching a(n)【T3】 5 version is better than a dubbed one【T3】 6B. Learning by input: watching movies— getting lots of correct English sentences into your head—【T4】 7 and making one's own sentences【T4】 8— learning different things from different input:books vs. movies: written English vs. spoken English— learning informal and【T5】 9 words from movies【T5】 10— learning how【T6】 11 pronounce words【T6】 12— learning to understand spoken English III. How to learn as much as possibleA. You have more【T7】 13 in watching movies than in reading【T7】 14— words occurring so quickly that dictionary doesn't help— lots of words being required to understand a movieboth spelling and【T8】 15【T8】 16B. What to do when you don't understand some words— stopping tape or DVD whenever you want—【T9】 17 the sentences several times【T9】 18— turning on【T10】 19【T10】 20a)problem: make people lazyb)reminder watching movies without them helps learningC. Watching with the help of【T11】 21【T11】 22— a list of explanations over 100 difficult sentences— the【T12】 23: read the explanations, and then watch movies【T12】 24— not have to【T13】 25【T13】 26D. Pay attention to interesting things:new words, phrases and【T14】 27【T14】 28E. Use dictionary to learn interesting thingsF. Make a【T15】 29 of new and interesting things【T15】 30 Watching Movies in EnglishI. One great advantage of English learners:Being able to watch【T1】 31 in English【T1】 32since Hollywood is in AmericaII. The【T2】 33 for watching movies in English【T2】 34A. Watching a(n)【T3】 35 version is better than a dubbed one【T3】 36B. Learning by input: watching movies— getting lots of correct English sentences into your head—【T4】 37 and making one's own sentences【T4】 38— learning different things from different input:books vs. movies: written English vs. spoken English— learning informal and【T5】 39 words from movies【T5】 40— learning how【T6】 41 pronounce words【T6】 42— learning to understand spoken English III. How to learn as much as possibleA. You have more【T7】 43 in watching movies than in reading【T7】 44— words occurring so quickly that dictionary doesn't help— lots of words being required to understand a movieboth spelling and【T8】 45【T8】 46B. What to do when you don't understand some words— stopping tape or DVD whenever you want—【T9】 47 the sentences several times【T9】 48— turning on【T10】 49【T10】 50a)problem: make people lazyb)reminder watching movies without them helps learningC. Watching with the help of【T11】 51【T11】 52— a list of explanations over 100 difficult sentences— the【T12】 53: read the explanations, and then watch movies【T12】 54— not have to【T13】 55【T13】 56D. Pay attention to interesting things:new words, phrases and【T14】 57【T14】 58E. Use dictionary to learn interesting thingsF. Make a【T15】 59 of new and interesting things【T15】 60

Five Common Mistakes in Conversation and Their Solutions I. Not listeningA. Problem: most people don't listen— wait eagerly for their turn to talk— only care for themselvesB. Solutions— Avoid【T1】 1 question【T1】 2— Probe into the question II. Asking too many questionsA Problems— conversation sounds like a(n)【T2】 3【T2】 4.— you don't have much to contribute B. Solution—【T3】 5 questions with statements【T3】 6III. Poor deliveryA Problems— speak too fast— speak in【T4】 7【T4】 8— speak unclear— speak without【T5】 9【T5】 10B. Solutions— Slow down— Speak loudly— Do not【T6】 11.【T6】 12— Don't use a【T7】 13voice.【T7】 14— Try to use pauses— Improve your【T8】 15, e.g. posture, etc.【T8】 16IV. Talking about a weird or【T9】 17 topic【T9】 18A Problems—talking about:— your bad health or relationships— your【T10】 19job or boss, serial killers【T10】 20—【T11】 21that only you and some other guy understands【T11】 22— about religion and【T12】 23.【T12】 24B. Solution: Avoid the above topicsV. Being boringA. Problem— clinging to one topic for too long and make people boredB. Solutions— lead an interesting life, and focus on【T13】 25【T13】 26— broaden your interest—【T14】 27talk【T14】 28— make the conversation feel more【T15】 29【T15】 30 Five Common Mistakes in Conversation and Their Solutions I. Not listeningA. Problem: most people don't listen— wait eagerly for their turn to talk— only care for themselvesB. Solutions— Avoid【T1】 31 question【T1】 32— Probe into the question II. Asking too many questionsA Problems— conversation sounds like a(n)【T2】 33【T2】 34.— you don't have much to contribute B. Solution—【T3】 35 questions with statements【T3】 36III. Poor deliveryA Problems— speak too fast— speak in【T4】 37【T4】 38— speak unclear— speak without【T5】 39【T5】 40B. Solutions— Slow down— Speak loudly— Do not【T6】 41.【T6】 42— Don't use a【T7】 43voice.【T7】 44— Try to use pauses— Improve your【T8】 45, e.g. posture, etc.【T8】 46IV. Talking about a weird or【T9】 47 topic【T9】 48A Problems—talking about:— your bad health or relationships— your【T10】 49job or boss, serial killers【T10】 50—【T11】 51that only you and some other guy understands【T11】 52— about religion and【T12】 53.【T12】 54B. Solution: Avoid the above topicsV. Being boringA. Problem— clinging to one topic for too long and make people boredB. Solutions— lead an interesting life, and focus on【T13】 55【T13】 56— broaden your interest—【T14】 57talk【T14】 58— make the conversation feel more【T15】 59【T15】 60

(1)Farmers in the developing world hate price fluctuations. It makes it hard to plan ahead. But most of them have little choice: they sell at the price the market sets. Farmers in Europe, the U.S. and Japan are luckier: they receive massive government subsidies in me form of guaranteed prices or direct handouts. Last month U.S. President Bush signed a new farm bill that gives American farmers $190 billion over the next 10 years, or $83 billion more than they had been scheduled to get, and pushes U.S. agricultural support close to crazy European levels. Bush said the step was necessary to "promote farmer independence and preserve the farm way of life for generations". It is also designed to help the Republican Party win control of the Senate in November's mid-term elections. (2)Agricultural production in most poor countries accounts for up to 50% of GDP, compared to only 3% in rich countries. But most farmers in poor countries grow just enough for themselves and their families. Those who try exporting to the West find their goods whacked with huge tariffs or competing against cheaper subsidized goods. In 1999 the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development concluded that for each dollar developing countries receive in aid they lose up to $14 just because of trade barriers imposed on the export of their manufactured goods. It's not as if the developing world wants any favours, says Gerald Ssendawula, Uganda's Minister of Finance. "What we want is for the rich countries to let us compete." (3)Agriculture is one of the few areas in which the Third World can compete. Land and labour are cheap, and as farming methods develop, new technologies should improve output. This is no pie-in-the-sky speculation. The biggest success in Kenya's economy over the past decade has been the boom in exports of cut flowers and vegetables to Europe. But that may all change in 2008, when Kenya will be slightly too rich to qualify for the "least-developed country" status that allows African producers to avoid paying stiff European import duties on selected agricultural products. With trade barriers in place, the horticulture industry in Kenya will shrivel as quickly as a discarded rose. And while agriculture exports remain the great hope for poor countries, reducing trade barriers in other sectors also works: America's African Growth and Opportunity Act, which cuts duties on exports of everything from handicrafts to shoes, has proved a boon to Africa's manufacturers. The lesson: the Third World can prosper if the rich world gives it a fair go. (4)This is what makes Bush's decision to increase farm subsidies last month all the more depressing. Poor countries have long suspected that the rich world urges trade liberalization only so it can wangle its way into new markets. Such suspicions caused the Seattle trade talks to break down three years ago. But last November members of the World Trade Organization, meeting in Doha, Qatar, finally agreed to a new round of talks designed to open up global trade in agriculture and textiles. Rich countries assured poor countries, that their concerns were finally being addressed. Bush's handout last month makes a lie of America's commitment to those talks and his personal devotion to free trade.

For most of American history, businesses were run to provide livelihoods and "reasonable" profit. In the last few decades,though, business and society in the general have moved toward【M1】______emphasizing profit maximization and individual self-interest. Thetransfer from "reasonable profit" to profit maximization has【M2】______significant implications for corporate behavior and governmentregulation. However, how society views the purpose of the【M3】______corporation has significant implications not only for business, butalso for the perceived responsibilities of its civilians, their【M4】______interactions with each other, and their obligation to their fellow countrymen. Today, it is uncommon for corporations to direct their【M5】______attention to serving for shareholder and management interests, and【M6】______to achieving the highest short-term financial return. Not only has this view become commonplace in society and the economy, it has permeated educational institutions and affected how young people see the role of corporations. Lost in this orientation, though, is a sense of the corporationas a creature of the state, created and gave special powers and【M7】______privileges by the state. The historic balance between "we" versus"me" has shifted dramatic toward a focus on self-interest at the【M8】______expense of societal interest. The result has been a decline in broad social and economic values in favor of viewing the corporationsolely a vehicle for personal financial enrichment. That view【M9】______represents a significant shift from the historical—which the grant【M10】______of corporate privilege was to advance public purposes such as building roads, bridges, and canals.

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