单选题Questions 14～16 are based on the following dialogue about buying a chemistry book. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 14～16.

单选题 Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. Electricity plays an essential part in our life. No one can deny that electric light is necessary for people's life. However, can you imagine such a world where there is no {{U}}(21) {{/U}} of electric light? As darkness falls over, children read in the light given by oil lamps and candles. Youths {{U}}(22) {{/U}} time only by talking instead of watching TV. Everything is surrounded by {{U}}(23) {{/U}} shadows. {{U}}(24) {{/U}}, we have a man named Edison. He created bulb that {{U}}(25) {{/U}} for two days before burning out. He also developed successfully a system for {{U}}(26) {{/U}} electricity from a central powerhouse. It is he that gives us electric light, gramophone, moving pictures--all those we take {{U}}(27) {{/U}} granted. After the invention of electricity, manufacturers increasingly applied the findings of invention to their businesses, {{U}}(28) {{/U}} generating new industrial growth. Development of electricity leads to the {{U}}(29) {{/U}} creations of new products and materials. In the past century and a half, electricity has steadily {{U}}(30) {{/U}}. At first, it is scientific curiosity, then to a luxurious part of the {{U}}(31) {{/U}}, and then to being necessary in every one's life. Electricity has been common in the latest fifty years. Simple tasks, such as setting alarm clock to wake up at a {{U}}(32) {{/U}} time or enjoying a piece of music, are accomplished via electronic means. We live with the benefits of electricity every day. As a result, we always think that whenever we {{U}}(33) {{/U}} our gadgets into the wall socket, the power will be there. For most modern people, the loss of power means the complete loss of {{U}}(34) {{/U}}. Their lifestyle is so dependent upon the grid's constancy {{U}}(35) {{/U}} they do not know how to live without it. How do you cook a meal without electricity if your gas stove has an electric ignition? Please imagine the life without electricity further. What do you do with a freezer full of food in a hot day? How do you find out what is happening in your area with the TV and radio off? These are questions which should be seriously considered. Let us imagine the {{U}}(36) {{/U}} of a short power outage together. Factories close down; phones and computers go dead; food {{U}}(37) {{/U}} in refrigerators. What a disordered life that would be! All the convenience which electricity has brought to our life should owe to Edison. When Edison died at his home in New Jersey in 1931, the whole United States were switched off to mark his passing, and in {{U}}(38) {{/U}} of the man whose discoveries had so changed and improved the life of people everywhere. For a moment, all was {{U}}(39) {{/U}} -- as the world had always been before, until Edison {{U}}(40) {{/U}} on the light.

单选题One of the most pressing problems regarding the sea is its conservation because of ______.

单选题They said they would let us know if they ______ any news about the car. [A] will hear [B] heard [C] hear

单选题Despite its efforts, the newspaper industry still cannot satisfy the readers owing to its______.

单选题 Questions 11～13 are based on a talk about the problem of rising population. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11～13.

单选题Doman's new approach was to

单选题 Between the eighth and eleventh centuries A. D., the Byzantine Empire staged an almost unparalleled economic and cultural revival, a recovery that is all the more striking because it followed a long period of severe internal decline. By the early eighth century, the empire had lost roughly two-thirds of the territory it had possessed in the year 600, and its remaining area was being raided by Arabs and Bulgarians, who at times threatened to take Constantinople and extinguished the empire altogether. The wealth of the state and its subjects was greatly diminished, and artistic and literary production had virtually ceased. By the early eleventh century, however, the empire had regained almost half of its lost possessions, its new frontiers were secure, and its influence extended far beyond its borders. The economy had recovered, the treasury was full, and art and scholarship had advanced. To consider the Byzantine military, cultural, and economic advances as differentiated aspects of a single phenomenon is reasonable. After all, these three forms of progress have gone together in a number of states and civilizations. Rome under Augustus and fifth-century Athens provide the most obvious examples in antiquity. Moreover, an examination of the apparent sequential connections among military, economic, and cultural forms of progress might help explain the dynamics of historical change. The common explanation of these apparent connections in the case of Byzantium would run like this. when the empire had turned back enemy raids on its own territory and had begun to raid and conquer enemy territory, Byzantine resources naturally expanded and more money became available to patronize art and literature. Therefore, Byzantine military achievements led to economic advances, which in turn led to cultural revival. No doubt this hypothetical pattern did apply at times during the course of the recovery. Yet it is not clear that military advances invariably came first. Economic advances second, and intellectual advances third. In the 860's the Byzantine Empire began to recover from Arab incursions so that by 872 the military balance with the Abbasid Caliphate had been permanently altered in the empire's favor. The beginning of the empire's economic revival, however, can be placed between 810 and 830. Finally, the Byzantine revival of learning appears to have begun even earlier. A number of notable scholars and writers appeared by 788 and, by the last decade of the eighth century, a cultural revival was in full bloom, a revival that lasted until the fall of Constantinople in 1453. Thus the commonly expected order of military revival followed by economic and then by cultural recovery was reversed in Byzantium. In fact, the revival of Byzantine learning may itself have influenced the subsequent economic and military expansion.

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单选题Which of the following is among the troubles print has?

单选题Who"s to blame? The trail of responsibility goes beyond poor maintenance of British railways, say industry critics. Stingy governments—both Labor and Tory—have cut down on investments in trains and rails. In the mid-1990s a Conservative government pushed through the sale of the entire subsidy-guzzling rail network. Operating franchises were parceled out among private companies and a separate firm, Railtrack, was awarded ownership of the tracks and stations. In the future, the theory ran back then, the private sector could pay for any improvements—with a little help from the state—and take the blame for any failings. Today surveys show that travelers believe privatization is one of the reasons for the railways"s failures. They ask whether the pursuit of profits is compatible with guaranteeing safety. Worse, splitting the network between companies has made coordination nearly impossible. "The railway was torn apart at privatization and the structure that was put in place was.., designed, if we are honest, to maximize the proceeds to the Treasury," said Railtrack boss Gerald Corbett before resigning last month in the wake of the Hatfield crash. Generally, the contrasts with mainland Europe are stark. Over the past few decades the Germans, French and Italians have invested 50 percent more than the British in transportation infrastructure. As a result, a web of high-speed trains now crisscross the Continent, funded by governments willing to commit state funds to major capital projects. Spain is currently planning 1,000 miles of new high-speed track. In France superfast trains already shuttle between all major cities, often on dedicated lines. And in Britain? When the Eurostar trains that link Paris, London and Brussels emerge from the Channel Tunnel onto British soil and join the crowded local network, they must slow down from 186 mph to a maximum of 100 mph—and they usually have to go even slower. For once, the government is listening. After all, commuters are voters, too. In a pre-vote spending spree, the government has committed itself to huge investment in transportation, as well as education and the public health service. Over the next 10 years, the railways should get an extra ￡60 billion, partly through higher subsidies to the private companies. As Blair ackoowledged last month, "Britain has been underinvested in and investment is central to Britain"s future." You don"t have to tell the 3 million passengers who use the railways every day. Last week trains to Darlington were an hour late—and crawling at Locomotion No. 1 speeds.

单选题Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it's painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle. During the hours when you labour through your work you may say that you're "hot". That's true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues(自言自语) as: "Get up, John! you'll be late for work again! "The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and -energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has. You can't change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you're sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract (对抗) your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won't change your cycle, but you'll get up steam and work better at your low point. Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn (呵欠) and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.

单选题An Introduction to US Geography The vast expanse of the United States of America stretches from the heavily industrialized, metropolitan Atlantic seaboard across the rich flat farms of the central plains, over the Rocky Mountains to the fertile west coast, then halfway across the Pacific to the balmy island-state of Hawaii. The American scene awes the viewer with both its variety and size. The continental United States (not counting outlying Alaska and Hawaii)measures 4,500 kilometers from its Atlantic to Pacific coasts, 2,575 kilometers from Canada to Mexico. The entire nation (all 50 states) covers an area of 9 million square kilometers and has a population of 220 million people. The sparsely settled, far-northern state of Alaska is the largest of America"s 50 states (in many countries they would be called provinces). It is more than two and a half times the size of Sichuan Province. Texas, in the southern part of the country, is second in size. Texas is half the size of Alaska. A land of heavy forests (311 million hectares) and barren deserts, of high-peaked mountains and deep canyons, America also enjoys beautiful rivers and lakes. The broad Mississippi River system, famed in song and legend, meanders 6,400 kilometers from Canada to the Gulf of Mexico—the world"s third longest river after the Nile and Amazon. A canal in the north joins the Mississippi to the five great lakes—the world"s largest inland water transportation route and the biggest body of fresh water in the world. America"s early settlers were attracted by the fertile land and varied climates it offered for farming. Today, with I21 million hectares under cultivation, American farmers plant spring wheat on the cold western plain; they raise corn and fine beef cattle in the central plains, and rice in the damp heart of Louisiana. Florida and California are famous for their citrus fruits and tropical avocados; the cool rainy northern states for apples, pears, berries and vegetables. Underground, a wealth of minerals provides a solid base for American industry. History has glamorized the gold rushes to California and Alaska, and the silver finds in Nevada. Yet America"s yearly production of gold and silver is now valued far less than oil, copper, iron, coal and other minerals it mines. Texas, which is a big oil-producer in the southwest, accounts for one-fifth of the value of all US mineral production. America has long been known as a "melting pot", for it is a nation of immigrants from all over the world. The first to arrive—from Siberia, more than 10,000 years ago, it is believed—were the American Indians. Today they number nearly 850,000. Half of them live on land set aside for them in 31 states; the rest have "melted" in with the rest of America"s nearly 220 million population. Europe, the major source of immigration, began sending colonists to America in the early 17th century. Tens of millions flooded to America"s shores from Europe between 1880 and the First World War. The next largest group of Americans trace their ancestry to Africa. Black people now constitute over 11 percent of the population. The melting pot has also absorbed nearly 600,000 Japanese, half a million Chinese and 340,000 Filipinos. Many live in Hawaii, more than two-thirds of whose people boast an Asian or Polynesian heritage. Once a nation of farmers, the United States has become increasingly urban since the turn of the century. Today, three out of four Americans live in towns, cities or suburbs. Two-thirds of all families live in separate households, and 65 percent own their homes. Americans are always on the move. Each year, one in every five Americans leaves homes and jobs to find new ones somewhere else. The population is shifting ever westward. California recently passed New York as the most populous state, although New York City and Chicago are still larger than California"s largest City, Los Angeles. The nation"s capital, Washington, is ninth in size, with a population of over 700,000. Laid out by the French architect Pierre L"Enfant in the late 18th century, it is the world"s first city especially planned as a center of government. Here, the elected representatives of the American people make the decisions that reflect the course Americans want their nation to take.

单选题{{B}}Text 4{{/B}} In a family where the roles of men and women are not sharply separated and where many household tasks are shared to a greater or lesser extent, notions of male superiority are hard to maintain. The pattern of sharing in tasks and in decision makes for equality and this in turn leads to further sharing. In such a home, the growing boy and girl learn to accept equality more easily than did their parents and to prepare more fully for participation in a world characterized by cooperation rather than by the "battle of the sexes". If the process goes too far and man's role is regarded as less important—and that has happened in some cases—we are as badly off as before, only in reverse. It is time to reassess the role of the man in the American family. We are getting a little tired of "Momism" — but we don't want to exchange it for a "neo-Popism". What we need, rather, is the recognition that bringing up children involves a partnership of equals. There are signs that psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, and specialists on the family are becoming more aware of the part men play and that they have decided that women should not receive all the credit—nor the blame. We have almost given up saying that a woman's place is in the home. We are beginning, however, to analyze man's place in the home and to insist that he does have a place in it. Nor is that place irrelevant to the healthy development of the child. The family is a co-operative enterprise for which it is difficult to lay down rules, because each family needs to work out its own ways for solving its own problems. Excessive authoritarianism (命令主义) has unhappy consequences, whether it wears skirts or trousers, and the ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is pertinent (相关的，切题的) not only to a healthy democracy, but also to a healthy family.