单选题Ozone is a form of oxygen. It is found in the air we breathe and in the upper atmosphere. Near the Earth, ozone in the air is a danger to life because it is a pollutant. But between ten and fifty kilometers up in the atmosphere, ozone protects life on the Earth. Ozone forms in the atmosphere through the action of radiation from the sun. Ozone blocks harmful radiation from reaching the Earth. Scientists say a decrease in ozone and an increase in the harmful radiation will cause many more cases of skin cancer. And it will harm crops, animals and fish. Ozone problems first became known in 1985. British scientists reported that ozone levels in the Antarctic atmosphere near the South Pole fell sharply each year in October and November. 1987 was the first year that a huge hole developed in the ozone layer above the Antarctic. A recent study of the atmosphere over the Arctic area near the North Pole showed extreme thinning of the ozone. Officials from the American space agency said the latest study is a result of the largest campaign yet to measure ozone amounts and changes in the Arctic area. NASA researcher Paul Newman said some of the measurements show ozone in the Arctic decreased about sixty percent between January and the middle of March. These measurements are similar to the ozone losses observed in this area a few years ago. Other studies have shown that man-made chemicals were destroying ozone in the atmosphere. An international agreement halted production of the most harmful chemicals. The new findings support the idea that recovery of the ozone layer may be delayed.

单选题Which of the following is most likely to be bugged?

单选题Millions of Americans run to the bank or visit automated teller machines when they need cash. They use credit cards when they want to buy clothes, VCRs, or television sets. But there is an underclass — people with low incomes and no credit history — who visit their neighborhood pawnshops when they need cash or a loan. An estimated 20 percent of the US population has no bank account, more than half of this group don't have credit cards and cannot get bank loans. "These people are borrowing an average of $50," said John P. Caskey of Swarthmore College in Swarthmore, Pennsylvania. "If you add up in terms of how much dollar value pawnshops provide, they don't look very important. If you add up how much of the population they serve or the number of loans they make, they are important." Because they make loans, pawnshops are a type of bank, often calling themselves "the bank of the little people". Caskey and Swarthmore student Brian Zidmund in 1989 looked at the importance of pawnshops in the US economy — the first serious study of the subject since the 1930s. Their conclusion: Pawnshops are the consumer's lender of last resort. Pawnshop customers typically cannot get credit at mainstream financial institutions. They have poor credit records, excessive debt in relation to their incomes, low and unstable incomes, or cannot maintain positive bank account balance. Typically, pawnshop customers borrow relatively small amounts that traditional lenders are unwilling or unable to provide on a secured basis. "If you look at total consumer credit, the amounts provided by pawnshops remain small," Caskey said. "They are lending primarily to low-income people. In terms of the population they serve, they're really important." In 1988, about 6,900 pawnshops operated in the United States — one for every two commercial banks. Data suggest these pawnshops made about 35 million loans, providing what Caskey and Zidmund estimate as 1 percent of the nation's consumer credit.

单选题According to Leszezynski, how does mobile phone affect one's health?

单选题 　　A smart man once said that the only thing necessary for the triumph of evil is for good men to do nothing. So, as a policeman , I have some urgent things to say to good people. Days after days my men and I struggle to stop a tidal wave of crime. Something has gone terribly wrong with our once-proud American way of life. It has happened in the area of values. A principle ingredient is disappearing, and I think I know what it is: accountability. Accountability isn' t hard to define. It means that every person is responsible for his or her actions and liable for their consequences. Of the many values that hold civilization together — honesty, kindness, and so on — accountability may be the most important of all. Without it, there can be no respect, no trust, no law — and, ultimately, no society. My job as a policeman is to impose accountability on people who refuse, or have never learned, to impose it on themselves. But as every policeman knows, external controls on people' s behavior are far less effective than internal restraints such as guilt, shame and embarrassment. Luckly there are still communities — smaller towns, usually — where schools keep discipline and where parents hold up standards that proclaim: "In this family certain things are not tolerated — they simply are not done!" Yet more and more, especially in our larger cities and suburbs, these inner restraints are loosening. Your typical robber has none. He considers your property his property; he takes what he wants, including your life if you make him very angry. The main cause of this breakdown is a radical shift in attitudes. Thirty years ago, if a crime was committed, society was considered the victim. Now, in a shocking reversal, it's the criminal who is considered victimized: by his underprivileged upbringing, by the school that didn' t teach him to read, by the church that failed to teach him with moral guidance, by the parents who didn' t provide a stable home. I don' t believe it. Many others in equally disadvantaged circumstances choose not to engage in criminal activities. If we free the criminal, even partly, from accountability, we become a society of endless excuses where no one accepts responsibility for anything. We desperately need more people who believe that the person who commits a crime is the one responsible for it.

单选题Would you like to orbit the Earth inside the International Space Station? Now you can take a space holiday — for a price This is due to a recant decision by top space officials of the United States, Russia, Canada, Japan and the European Space Agency. Last April, American businessman Dennis Tito reportedly paid between twelve million and twenty million dollars to spend one week on the International Space Station NASA had strongly objected to the Russian plan to permit a civilian on the costly research vehicle After two years of negotiations, space officials have agreed on a process to train private citizens to take trips to the International Space Station. NASA recently agreed to conditions that will permit Russia to sell trips to the space station. The trips are planned by an American company called Space Adventures Limited of Arlington, Virginia. The company calls itself "the world's leading space tourism company". The company has sold a space trip to Mark Shuttle- worth, a South African businessman. In April, Mr Shuttleworth will be launched into space from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Experts say the change in policy at NASA shows a new desire to use space vehicles for business and industrial purposes. In a speech to Congress last year, NASA official Michael Hawes said that the space agency had not considered civilian travel as one of the industries it wanted to develop, However, Mr Hawes said that private space travel could now be clone as long as safety measures are observed carefully. Yet, the average citizen will not be able to travel into space in the near future. Space Adventures Limited sells a training program for space flight that costs two hundred thousand dollars. That price does not include the cost of the trip to the International Space Station. That holiday in space costs twenty million dollars, Candidates for adventure space travel trips must be in excellent health and must pass difficult health tests, They must receive a lot of training. Besides, good English can help you prepare for a space holiday. This is because all successful candidates who wish to travel to the International Space Station must be able to read and speak English.

单选题Questions 11—13 are based on the following dialogue about a woman's being robbed. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11—13.

单选题 One fact was clearly demonstrated by the early sleep researchers: one part of the night is not just like another. As scientists began to compare the records of volunteers during the 1950s, they observed that human sleep follows a rhythmic schedule. They noted that not only was this schedule much the same in healthy persons of the same age with similar habits but, from night to night, each individual had an EEG record almost as consistent as a signature. Sleep and wakefulness, once considered to be the light and dark of consciousness, no longer seem to differ so sharply. To sleep does not mean to drown in an ocean of darkness. Actually, sleep is not a unitary state; it involves many shades or degree of detachment from the surrounding world. While sleep may feel like a blanket of darkness punctuated by dreams—a time when the mind is asleep—nothing could be less true. All night long a person drifts down and up through different levels of consciousness, as if on waves. With laboratory methods, researchers have been able to chart the typical stages of the journey into sleep. The journey starts while the subject is still awake but beginning to relax. His brain waves, which have been low, rapid, and irregular, begin to show a new pattern. This new pattern, which is known as alpha rhythm, is an even electrical pulsation of about nine to 12 cycles per second. Most people do not know what the alpha state feels like, but during the last few years researchers have been able to teach subjects how to recognize and control their alpha rhythm. When their EEG shows an alpha rhythm, the subjects are notified, either by a sound or by the appearance of a color on a screen. Because the alpha state tends to be pleasant and relaxed, the ability to sustain it can help tense people ease their passage into sleep. A moment of tension, a loud noise, an attempt to solve a problem, however, and the alpha rhythm may vanish. As the subject passes through the gates of the unconsciousness, his alpha waves grow smaller, and his eyes roll very slowly. For a moment, he may wake up during this early part of the descent, alerted by a sudden spasm that causes his body to jerk. Like the brain waves, this spasm is a sign of neural changes within. Known as the myoclonic jerk, it is caused by a brief burst of activity in the brain. Although it is related to epileptic seizures, the myoclonic jerk is normal in all human sleep. It is gone in a fraction of a second, after which descent continues. The subject has not felt the peculiar transformation, but now he is said to be truly asleep.

单选题Questions 14—16 are based on the following passage. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 14—16.

单选题Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. Most worthwhile careers require some kind of specialized training. Ideally, therefore, the choice of an {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}should be made even before the choice of a curriculum in high school. Actually {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}, most people make several job choices during their working lives, {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}because of economic and industrial changes and partly to improve {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}positions. The "one perfect job" does not exist. Young people should {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}enter into a broad flexible training program that will {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}them for a field of work rather than for a single {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Unfortunately many young people have to make career plans {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}benefit of help from a competent vocational counselor or psychologist. Knowing {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}about the occupational world, or themselves for that matter, then choose their lifework on a hit-or-miss {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Some drift from job to job. Others {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}to work in which they are unhappy or for which they are not fitted. One common mistake is choosing an occupation for {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}real or imagined prestige. Too many high-school students—or their parents for them—choose the professional field, {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}both the relatively small proportion of workers in the professions and the extremely high educational and personal {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}. The imagined or real prestige of a profession or a "white-collar" job is {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}good reason for choosing it as lifework. {{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}, these occupations are not always well paid. Since a large proportion of jobs are in mechanical and manual work, the {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}of young people should give serious {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}to these fields. Before making an occupational choice, a person should have a general idea of what he wants {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}life and how hard he is willing to work to get it. Some people desire social prestige, others intellectual satisfaction. Some want security, others are willing to take {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}for financial gain. Each occupational choice has its demands as well as its rewards.

单选题Mexico can not benefit from the North American Free Trade Agreement because it______.

单选题[此试题无题干]

单选题Compared with other TV talk shows, both the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey are______.