单选题Text 3Jill Ker Conway, president of Smith, echoes the prevailing view of contemporary technology when she says that "anyone in today's world who doesn't understand data processing is not educated". But she insists that the increasing emphasis on these matters leave certain gaps. Says she: "The very strongly utilitarian emphasis in education, which is an effect of man-made satellites and the cold war, has really removed from this culture something that was very profound in its 18th and 19th century roots, which was a sense that literacy and learning were ends in themselves for a democratic republic. " In contrast to Plato's claim for the social value of education, a quite different idea of intellectual purposes was advocated by the Renaissance humanists. Overjoyed with their rediscovery of the classical learning that was thought to have disappeared during the Dark Ages, they argued that the imparting of knowledge needs no justification --religious, social, economic, or political. Its purpose, to the extent that it has one, is to pass on from generation to generation the corpus of knowledge that constitutes civilization. "What could man acquire, by virtuous striving, that is more valuable than knowledge?" asked Erasmus, perhaps the greatest scholar of the early 16th century. That idea has acquired a tradition of its own. "The educational process has no end beyond itself," said John Dewey. "It is its own end. " But what exactly is the corpus of knowledge to be passed on? In simpler times, it was all included in the medieval universities' Quadrivium (arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, music) and Trivium (grammar, rhetoric, logic). As recently as the last century, when less than 5% of Americans went to college at all, students in New England establishments were compelled mainly to memorize and recite various Latin texts, and crusty professors angrily opposed the introduction of any new scientific discoveries or modern European languages. "They felt," said regretfully Charles Francis Adams, Jr. , the Union Pacific Railroad president who devoted his later years to writing history, "that a classical education was the important distinction between a man who had been to college and a man who had not been to college, and that anything that diminished the importance of this distinction was essentially revolutionary and tended to anarchy. /

单选题Scobie’s morning discovery that he was still alive made him feel______.

单选题What topic is the passage mainly concerned with?

单选题Everyone of us lives and works on a small part of the earth's surface, moves in a small circle, and of these acquaintances knows only a few intimately. Of any public event that has wide effects we see at best only a phase and an aspect. This is true that the eminent insiders, who draft treaties, make laws, and issue orders, are like those who have treaties framed on them, laws promulgated to them, orders given at them. Inevitably our opinions cover a bigger space, a longer reach of time, many things, that we can directly observe. So they have to be pieced together out of what others have reported and what we can imagine. Yet even the eyewitness does not bring back a naive picture of the scene. For experience seems to show that he himself brings something to the scene which later he takes away from it, that oftener than not what he imagines to be the account of an event is really a transfiguration of it. Few facts in consciousness seem to be merely given. Most facts in consciousness seem to be partly made. A report is the joint product of the knower and known, in which the role of the observer is always selective and usually creative. The facts we see depend on where we are placed, and the habits of our eyes.

单选题 It may be the last book you'll ever buy. And certainly, from a {{U}}(21) {{/U}}standpoint, it will be the only book you'll ever need. No, it's not the Bible or some New Age tome {{U}}(22) {{/U}} enlightenment--although it would let you carry {{U}}(23) {{/U}} both texts simultaneously. It's an electronic book--a {{U}}(24) {{/U}} volume that could contain a library of information or, if your tastes run {{U}}(25) {{/U}} what's current, every title on today's bestseller {{U}}(26) {{/U}} And when you're {{U}}(27) {{/U}} with those, you could refill it with new {{U}}(28) {{/U}} Convenience is its main {{U}}(29) {{/U}} and that means more than simple portability. Because the information is in electronic {{U}}(30) {{/U}} , it can be easily manipulated. You could, for instance, make the type larger for easier reading. Or you could make notes in the {{U}}(31) {{/U}} with a stylus your observations being {{U}}(32) {{/U}} on tiny, removable flash-memory card in the spine. It is likely that electronic books will come pre-loaded with a {{U}}(33) {{/U}} of titles. New titles could be made {{U}}(34) {{/U}} through flash-memory cards, for example, internet will be the delivery method of choice. Imagine browsing an online bookstore like www. Amazon. com, corn and downloading a novel {{U}}(35) {{/U}} your electronic book via the modem in its spine. {{U}}(36) {{/U}} Moby Dick would take about a minute. You could download a few titles, so you'll have a few good reads to choose from while you're relaxing at the beach. If your first choice is not to your {{U}}(37) {{/U}} , a new title becomes available {{U}}(38) {{/U}} the push of a button. An electronic book will be {{U}}(39) {{/U}} --around ＄ 200 for a basic read-only model to about ＄ 400 for one that would {{U}}(40) {{/U}} your margin scribbles. Some hurdles remain, though, before you can take an electric book with you anywhere.

单选题In the 1960s the West Coast became an important center for rock music. Los Angeles and Southern California are famous for sunshine and surfing. There, a quieter kind of rock called surf rock became famous. The Beach Boys sang songs like "Surfin" U. S. A.", "California Girls" and "Fun, Fun, Fun". These songs made people dream about the good life in California. San Francisco was a center for young people and rock music in the late 1960s. This was the time of the Vietnam War, student protest, hippies, and drugs. Hippies talked about love and peace. They wore brightly colored clothes and had long hair. They listened to rock and folk-rock music. Drugs were a serious problem during that time. The deaths of three young rock stars, Janis Jopling, Jim Morrison and the great guitar player Jim Hendrix were all related to drugs. Not all of the rock musicians came from California or the U. S. A.. That was the time of the great British rock groups like the Beatles and the Rolling Stones. British rock musicians had a very important place in the rock music of the 1960s in America. Another kind of softer rock music was created by the singers. Singers like Joni Mitchell and James Taylor wrote their own lyrics and their own music. Their songs were about love and friendship, good and bad times. In the 1960s big rock concerts were very welcomed by everyone. The most famous concert was Woodstock. In 1969 in New York State, a million young people came together to hear the rock stars. This peaceful Woodstock concert was the most important musical event of the 1960s. After World War Ⅱ a great number of black people moved from the South to the big industrial cities like New York, Detroit, and Philadelphia. Many black people lived in poor parts of the city such as Harlem in New York. Musicians wrote and sang about life in the big cities. Life was difficult but music and dancing made it a little easier. Popular black music had a strong beat for dancing. At first this music was called rhythm and blues. The 1960s called it soul. In Detroit, a black musician named Berry Gordy set up an all black record company. It was called Motown. Motown or motor town is another name for Detroit, where cars are made. Most of the famous soul musicians like the Supremes, the Temptations, and the Jackson Five recorded with Motown.

单选题 Questions 11～13 are boxed on a piece of news about college admission in the USA. Yon now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11～13.

单选题A study by scientists in Finland has found that mobile phone radiation can cause changes in human cells that might affect the brain, the leader of the research team said. But Darius Leszczynski, who headed the 2-year study and will present findings next week at a conference in Quebec(魁北克), said more research was needed to determine the seriousness of the changes and their impact on the brain or the body. The study at Finland's Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority found that exposure to radiation from mobile phones can cause increased activity in hundreds of proteins in human cells grown in a laboratory, he said. "We know that there is some biological response. We can detect it with our very sensitive approaches, but we do not know whether it can have any physiological effects on the human brain or human body," Leszczynski said. Nonetheless the study, the initial findings of which were published last month in the scientific journal Differentiation, raises new questions about whether mobile phone radiation can weaken the brain's protective shield against harmful substances. The study focused on changes in cells that line blood vessels and on whether such changes could weaken the functioning of the blood-brain barrier, which prevents potentially harmful substances from entering the brain from the bloodstream, Leszczynski said. The study found that a protein called hsp27 linked to the functioning of the blood-brain barrier showed increased activity due to irradiation and pointed to a possibility that such activity could make the shield more permeable(能透过的), he said. "Increased protein activity might cause cells to shrink--not the blood vessels but the cells themselves--and then tiny gaps could appear between those ceils through which some molecules could pass. " he said. Leszczynski declined to speculate on what kind of health risks that could pose, but said a French study indicated that headache, fatigue and sleep disorders could result. "These are not life-threatening problems but can cause a lot of discomfort," he said, adding that a Swedish group had also suggested a possible link with Alzheimer's disease. "Where the truth is I do not know," he said. Leszczynski said that he, his wife and children use mobile phones, and he said that he did not think his study suggested any need for new restrictions on mobile phone use.

单选题 Generally speaking, a British is widely regarded as a quiet, shy and conservative person who is{{U}} (21) {{/U}}only among those with whom he is acquainted. When a stranger is at present, he often seems nervous,{{U}} (22) {{/U}}embarrassed. You have to take a commuter train any morning or evening to {{U}}(23) {{/U}}the truth of this. Serious-looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or dozing in a comer; hardly anybody talks, since to do so would be considered quite offensive. {{U}} (24) {{/U}}, there is an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior which,{{U}} (25) {{/U}}broken, makes the offender immediately the object of{{U}} (26) {{/U}}. It has been known as a fact that a British has a{{U}} (27) {{/U}}for the discussion of their weather and that, if given a chance, he will talk about it{{U}} (28) {{/U}}. Some people argue that it is because the British weather seldom{{U}} (29) {{/U}}forecast and hence becomes a source of interest and{{U}} (30) {{/U}}to everyone. This may be so.{{U}} (31) {{/U}}a British cannot have much{{U}} (32) {{/U}}in the weathermen, who, alter promising fine, sunny weather for the following day, are often proved wrong{{U}} (33) {{/U}}a cloud over the Atlantic brings rainy weather to all districts! The man in the street seems to be as accurate -- or as inaccurate -- as the weathermen in his{{U}} (34) {{/U}}. Foreigners may be surprised at the number of references{{U}} (35) {{/U}}weather that the British make to each other in the course of a single day. Very often conversational greetings are{{U}} (36) {{/U}}by comments on the weather. "Nice day, isn't it?" "Beautiful day!" may well be heard instead of "Good morning, how are you?"{{U}} (37) {{/U}}the foreigner may consider this exaggerated and comic, it is worthwhile pointing out that it could be used to his advantage.{{U}} (38) {{/U}}he wants to start a conversation with a British but is{{U}} (39) {{/U}}to know where to begin, he could do well to mention the state of the weather. It is a sale subject which will{{U}} (40) {{/U}}an answer from even the most reserved of the British.

单选题The underlined word "thwart" (Para. 1) most probably means"______".

单选题Questions 17-20 are based on the following interview on freezing human being. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 17-20.