单选题Although many people speak English, they don"t pronounce it or spell the word they use the same way. The United States, in 41 ,has its own special way of pronouncing and spelling the English language. They speak American English, and they 42 a lot of its special character to one man: Noah Webster. Noah Webster was born in Connecticut in 1758. He 43 during a period of great American patriotism. He gratuated from Yale University when he was 20. The 44 of the American Revolution brought independence to the United States, but political 45 didn"t satisfy Webster. He wanted to 46 "the King"s English" and replace it 47 a special American Language. In 1783,Webster published a textbook called The American spelling Book. It was used by generation after 48 of American school children .Because the book had a blue back, it become famous 49 "the blue-backed speller". Webster also 50 a dictionary. It too, became very 51 and was updated and reprinted many times. 52 are, when you go to look up a word, you"ll 53 the word in a new edition of Noah Webster"s book. In his books, Webster made many changes in the English used in the United States. He suggested new ways to 54 and spell English words. He also added new American 55 to the language. Webster made many other changes, most of 56 American use today. However, Webster did not go 57 his friend Benjamin Franklin wanted him to. Franklin wanted to 58 all the silent letters from words; he also wanted to change the spelling of many words. Had Franklin written the dictionary 59 Webster, he would spell give[giv], and wrong[rong]. Franklin really wanted to give us our own mother tongue-but we would have 60 it tong!

单选题Until the last few years, giant IBM was most workers' ideal of a company with great human relations. Getting a job there meant you were set for life at one of the most enlightened firms in the world. Company benefits sounded like a "who's who" of worker-friendly programs. There was job security for life. You could leave work two hours early if you arrived two hours early. You could put children and elderly parents in IBM-paid care programs. You could go to graduate school full-time while still being paid. And there were no hourly workers. Everyone was considered important and mature, so everyone was paid a salary and didn't have to punch a time clock. The firm was one of the first to institute job enrichment programs; way before the term was even invented. Everything it did was aimed at making employees feel important. And for years IBM had a highly motivated work force. But things have changed. IBM chairman John Akers told a startled group of management trainees that employees are "too damned comfortable at a time when the business is in crisis". He also said there are "too many people standing around the water cooler waiting to be told what to do". Obviously, Akers thought shock therapy was in order, Between an economic recession and competition, IBM suffered a major drop m revenue in 1991. "What we need around here is a higher tension level," Akers said. So they're making some changes at IBM. The firm slashed about 17 000 jobs. And suddenly IBM wants its managers to encourage certain workers to leave the firm. The whole situation is a dilemma for IBM. Policies such as no layoffs have done a lot to motivate workers and make them loyal. Yet in a highly competitive world it may be unwise to let employees feel too secure.

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单选题The author's attitude towards mathematics in design science can be best described as ______.

单选题The best explanation for "asset effect" may be______.

单选题U.S. health officials are increasing surveillance measures at doctors" offices and international borders to guard against the spread of swine flu. Washington also has begun dispersing medicine from a federal stockpile. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says there have been only mild cases of swine flu in the United States, but experts remain on guard. Acting agency director, Richard Besser, says the epidemic in Mexico prompted U.S. doctors to begin monitoring actively for possible infections. "We are asking doctors when they see someone who has flu-like illness who has traveled to an affected region, to do a culture, take a swab in the nose and send it to the lab so we can see: is it influenza, is it this type?" he said. Speaking Sunday at the White House, Besser said the extra detection efforts have enabled officials to find more infections than under normal circumstances. He also says he expects the number of infections will rise and the illness will spread to other U.S. regions, as doctors continue to monitor the problem. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says it does not recommend people travel to Mexico, where the outbreak of swine flu is centered and more than 100 deaths have been reported. But officials have not ordered a travel ban to the country. Homeland Security Secretary Janet Napolitano says, instead, airlines have the option of screening passengers on flights from Mexico. "We are letting air carders and our employees at the gates on those flights make sure that they are asking people if they are sick; and if they are sick, that they should not board the plane," she said. Denise Korniewicz, an infectious disease expert at the University of Miami, says officials should take bolder steps to screen passengers at international borders, as Japan and other Asian nations are doing. "We have a very transient population here. And Japan has taken a lot of precautions. What Japan is doing is they are making everyone take a temperature when they get off the airplane," she said. "As far as I am concerned, I think that is a good idea." U.S. officials say they are holding off on more aggressive actions because the outbreak has been limited in the United States and they do not want to cause a health scare. Korniewicz says around the country health centers are putting in place emergency response measures aimed at limiting disease outbreaks.

单选题 Questions 14—16 are based on the following dialogue between a doctor and a patient.

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单选题According to the article, studies at leading universities have shown that accident repeaters ______.

单选题 Signs of deafness bad given him great anxiety as early as 1778. For a long time he successfully concealed it from all but his mast intimate friends. The touching document addressed to his brothers in 1802, and known as his "Will" should be read in its entirety. He reproached men for their injustice in thinking and calling him pugnacious, stubborn, and misanthropical when they did not know that for six years he had suffered from an incurable condition aggravated by incompetent doctors. He dwelled upon his delight in human society from which he had had so early to isolate himself, but the thought of which now filled him with dread as it made 14ira realize his loss, not in music — but in all finer interchange of ideas. He requested that after his death his present doctor shall be asked to describe his illness and to {{U}}append{{/U}} it to his document in order that at least then the world might be as far as possible reconciled with him. He left his brothers property, such as it was, if more conventional than the rest of the document. During the last twelve years of his life, his nephew was the cause of most of his anxiety and distress. His brother, Kaspar Karl died in 1815, leaving a widow and a son The boy turned out utterly unworthy of his uncle's persistent devotion and gave him every cause for anxiety. He failed in all his examinations, including an attempt to learn some trade in the polytechnic school, whereupon he fell into the hands of the police for at- tempting suicide, and after being expelled from Vienna, joined the army. Beethoven's utterly simple nature could neither educate nor understand a human being who was not possessed by the wish to do his best. His nature was passionately affectionate, and he has suffered all his life from the want of a natural outlet for it. He had often been deeply in love and made no secret of it; there was no one that was not honorable and respected by society as showing the truthfulness and self-control of a great man. Beethoven's orthodoxy in such matters has provoked the smiles of Philistines, especially when it showed itself in his objections to Mozart, Don Giovanni and the grounds for selecting the subject of Fidelio for his own opera. The last thing that Philistines will never understand is that {{U}}genius is far too independent of convention to abuse it{{/U}}; and Beethoven's life, with all its mistakes, its grotesqueness, and its pathos, is as far beyond the shafts of Philistine wit as his art.

单选题As a result of the enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries, ______.

单选题{{B}}Text 2{{/B}} Sleep plays a major role in preparing the body for an alert and productive tomorrow. But sleep is not a period of inactivity. The sleeping brain is highly active at various times during the night, performing numerous "house keeping tasks". These keep us alive and aid our ability to think and remember. Sleep also energizes the body and brain. Most people spend one-third of their lives sleeping and this will affect the other two-thirds in terms of alertness, energy, moods, body weight, perception, memory, thinking, reaction time, productivity and performance. To limit sleep means our health and daytime potential are significantly reduced. So, good sleep strategies are essential in order to feel energized day after day. There is no strategy which works for everyone, so each person needs to experiment. One important thing is that you shouldn't worry too much if you go a few nights without a lot of sleep. It won't ruin your life. On any given night, one in four people can't sleep properly and everyone suffers from a lack of sleep at some time. How does one minimize this problem? It is really quite simple. The first thing you must do is to reduce stress as much as possible. Stress is part of everyday life and, while we can never be entirely without stress, it can be managed. This means taking control of your life and focusing on what is important. One sleeping strategy is to sit in a comfortable position, close your eyes and relax all your muscles, breathing easily through your nose. Continue this for ten to twenty minutes. This should help you reduce stress and sleep better. Or, you can try getting plenty of exercise, because a tired body is likely to sleep better.

单选题The author's attitude toward the objections of the Justice and Defense Departments to the proposed amendments to the freedom of Information Act could best be described as______.

单选题 Questions 14～16 are based on a story about a woman's encounter with creatures from outer space. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 14～16.