单选题In Canada health care is considered a social right, ______ in the United States it is treated more like a commodity. A. when B. while C. as D. since

单选题What kind of psychological background can probably best account for crimes Ramos has committed?A. He is being insane.B. He has had some family murdering records.C. He has been associated with some important figures in the countryD The article didn't give a clear answer to the question.

单选题English language belongs to [A] Indo-European Family. [B] Sino-Tibetan Family. [C] Austronesian Family. [D] Afroasiatic Family.

单选题Questions 17-20 are based on a talk about left-handers.

单选题 All the wisdom of the ages, all the stories that have delighted mankind for centuries, are easily and cheaply{{U}} (21) {{/U}}to all of us{{U}} (22) {{/U}}the covers of books -- but we must know how to avail ourselves{{U}} (23) {{/U}}this treasure and how to get{{U}} (24) {{/U}}from it. The most{{U}} (25) {{/U}}people all over the world, are{{U}} (26) {{/U}}who have never discovered how{{U}} (27) {{/U}}it is to read good books. I am very interested in people, in meeting them and{{U}} (28) {{/U}}about them. Some of the most {{U}}(29) {{/U}}people I've met existed only in a Writer's imagination, then{{U}} (30) {{/U}}the pages of his book, and then, again, in my imagination. I've found in books new friends, new societies, new words. If I am interested in people, others are interested not so much in who{{U}} (31) {{/U}}in how. Who in the books includes everybody from science-fiction superman two hundred centuries in the future all the way back to the first{{U}} (32) {{/U}}in history; how{{U}} (33) {{/U}}everything from the ingenious explanations of Sherlock Holmes{{U}} (34) {{/U}}the discoveries of science and ways of teaching manners to children. Reading can make our minds feel pleased,{{U}} (35) {{/U}}means that it is a little like a sport: your eagerness and knowledge and quickness{{U}} (36) {{/U}}you a good reader. Reading is{{U}} (37) {{/U}}, not because the writer is telling you something,{{U}} (38) {{/U}}because it makes your mind work. Your own imagination works together with the{{U}} (39) {{/U}}or even goes beyond his. Your experience,{{U}} (40) {{/U}}his, brings you to the same or different conclusions, and your ideas develop as you understand his.

单选题______, mother will wait for him to have dinner together. A. However late is he B. However late he is C. However is he late D. However he is late

单选题 Thousands of years ago man used handy rocks for his surgical operations. Later he used sharp bone or horn, metal knives and more recently, rubber and plastic and that was where we stuck, in surgical instrument terms; for many years. In the 1960s a new tool was developed, one which was, first of all, to be of great practical use to the armed forces and industry, but which was also, in time, to revolutionize the art and science of surgery. The tool is the laser and it is being used by more and more surgeons all over the world, for a very large number of different complaints. The word "laser" means: light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation. As we all know, light is hot, any source of light — from the sun itself down to a humble match burning — will give warmth. But light is usually spread out over a wide area. The light in a laser beam, however, is concentrated. This means that a light with no more power than that produced by an ordinary electric light bulb becomes intensely strong as it is concentrated to a pinpoint-sized beam. Experiments with these pinpoint beams showed researchers that different energy sources produce beams that have a particular effect on certain living cells. It is now possible for eye surgeons to operate on the back of the human eye without harming the front of the eye, simply by passing a laser beam right through the eyeball. No knives, no stitches, no unwanted damage — a true surgical wonder. Operations which once left patients exhausted and in need of long period of recovery time now leave them feeling relaxed and comfortable. So much more difficult operations can now be tried. The rapid development of laser techniques in the past ten years has made it clear that the future is likely to be very exciting. Perhaps some cancers will be treated with laser in a way that makes surgery not only safer but also more effective. Altogether, tomorrow may see more and more information coming to light on the diseases which can be treated medically.

单选题Advances in interfaces—the physical way we react with computers—and other techniques of controlling computers will supplement the role of the traditional keyboard and mouse. Technologies in development include surfaces that allow fingertip control of on-screen objects and devices that sense—and react to—movement. But we should assess human-computer interaction (HCI) to ensure that we retain control of key decision-making processes, one report suggests. Display technologies will soon allow us to fix screens of all sizes in a variety of fabrics. In the near future we will still be reading paper books and magazines; but we"ll also be using paper-like digital screens to distribute content. Cheap and easily-accessed digital storage allows consumers to electronically record and store more aspects of our lives—allowing us to share information and interact with people across the globe. This hyper-connectivity liberates us from fixed telephone lines, desks and offices, while advances in robotics develop the computer"s ability to learn and make decisions. "New computing technology is tremendously exciting," said Tom Rodden, Professor at the University of Nottingham. "But the interaction between humans and computers is evolving into a complex ecosystem where small changes can have far-reaching consequences. While new interfaces and hyper-connectivity mean we are increasingly mobile, we can see that they are obscuring the line between work and personal space." "Huge storage capabilities raise fundamental privacy issues around what we should be recording and what we should not. The potential of machine learning might well result in computers increasingly making decisions on our behalf. It is imperative that we combine technological innovations with an understanding of their impact on people." The report argues that without proper monitoring and assessment it is possible that we may no longer be in control of ourselves or the world around us. This potentially places the computer on a collision course with basic human values and concepts such as personal space, society, identity, independence, perception, intelligence and privacy. The report gives recommendations for the HCI community to adopt to ensure that human values inform future development. These include educating young people so that they understand HCI and the impact of computer advances early on and engaging with governments, policy-makers and society as a whole to provide counsel and give advance warning of the emerging implications of new computing ecosystems. "Computing has the potential to enhance the lives of billions of people around the world. We believe that if technology is to truly bring benefit to humanity, then human values and the impact of technology must be considered at the earliest possible opportunity in the technology design process," said Abigail Sellen. one of the editors of the report.

单选题Why did the narrator mention his niece?

单选题Society was fascinated by science and things scientific in the nineteenth century. Great breakthroughs in engineering, the use of steam power, and electricity were there for all to see, enjoy, and suffer. Science was fashionable and to it is not surprising that, during this great period of industrial development, scientific methods should be applied to the activities of man, particularly to those involved in the processes of production. Towards the end of the nineteenth century international competition began to make itself felt. The three industrial giants of the day, Germany, America, and Great Britain, began to find that there was a limit to the purchasing power of the previously apparently inexhaustible markets. Science and competition therefore provided the means and the need to improve industrial efficiency. Frederick Winslow Taylor is generally acknowledged as being the father of the scientific management approach, as a result of the publication of his book. The Principles of Scientific Management, published in 1911. However, numerous other academics and practitioners had been actively applying such approaches since the beginning of the century. Charles Babbage, and English academic, well-known for his invention of the mechanical computer with the aid of a government grant as long as 1820 applied himself to the costing of processes, using scientific methods, and indeed might well be recognized as one of the fathers of cost accounting. Taylor was of well-to-do background and received an excellent education but, partly owing to troubles with his eyesight, decided to become an engineering apprentice. He spent some twenty-five years in the tough, sometimes brutal, environment of the US steel industry and carefully studied methods of work when he eventually attained supervisory status. He made various significant innovations in the area of steel processing, but his claim to fame is through his application of methods of science to methods of work, and his personal efforts that proved they could succeed in a hostile environment. In 1901, Taylor left the steel industry and spent the rest of his life trying to promote the principles of managing scientifically and emphasizing the human aspects of the method, over the slavedriving methods common in his day. He died in 1915 ,leaving a huge school of followers to promote his approach worldwide.

单选题A person becomes part of the Christian community through baptism — it is a matter of choice [ (21) ] birth. The Christian community is a gathered community [ (22) ] who believe that Jesus is the Christ and that they have salvation [ (23) ] . It is open to males and females of any age, race, or [ (24) ] A Christian is normally affiliated with a particular parish or congregation that is [ (258) ] the care of a particular clergyperson. A baptized person is usually [ (26) ] a Christian by all Christians everywhere; however, there may be some additional requirements to meet if a person [ (27) ] to a church of a different tradition. Giving money and goods needed by others [ (28) ] a part of Christian living. Some Christians engage in tithing,the [ (29) ] of 10 percent of their income to support the work of the church, [ (30) ] includes charitable services of those in need. Other Christians give smaller [ (31) ] of their income to the church but contribute either directly to those in need or to organizations that serve human beings or lower animals. Although some Christians believe the world will continue to become more evil until Christ returns to earth, [ (32) ] think that they [ (33) ] improve the world. Christian service to God means, [ (34) ],not only charity to meet current needs but also altering institutions and structures of society in order to [ (35) ] poverty, illness, and injustices. For some Christians, the social implications of the gospel are almost as important as the religion. John Woolman visited the slaveholders in the United States to [ (36) ] them to free their slaves. Henry Ward Beecher openly supported a campaign to free all the slaves. Walter Rauschenbusch labored to improve living and working conditions for poor people in cities. Albert Schweitzer brought modern medicine to people in Africa. Martin Luther King used the [ (37) ] resistance methods [ (38) ] by Mohandas K. Gandhi to win recognition of civil right for black people of the United States. Mother Teresa worked to save abandoned children in Calcutta. These few examples give some idea of the [ (39) ] of activities [ (40) ] have fostered to improve the living conditions of their fellow humans.

单选题Hawaii's native minority is demanding a greater degree of sovereignty over its own affairs. But much of the archipelago's political establishment, which includes the White Americans who dominated until the second world war and people of Japanese, Chinese and Filipino origin, is opposed to the idea. The islands were annexed by the US in 1898 and since then Hawaii's native peoples have fared worse than any of its other ethnic groups. They make up over 60 percent of the state's homeless, suffer higher levels of unemployment and their life span is five years less than the average Hawaiians. They are the only major US native group without some degree of autonomy. But a sovereignty advisory committee set up by Hawaii's first native governor, John Waihee, has given the natives' cause a major boost be recommending that the Hawaiian natives decide by themselves whether to re-establish a sovereign Hawaiian nation. However, the Hawaiian natives are not united in their demands. Some just want greater autonomy with the state as enjoyed by many American Indian natives over matters such as education. This is a position supported by the Office of Hawaiian Affairs (OHA), a state agency set up in 1978 to represent to natives' interests and which has now become the moderate face of the native sovereignty movement. More ambitious in the Ka Lahui group, which declared itself a new nation in 1987 wants full, official independence from the US. But if Hawaiian natives are given greater autonomy, it is far from clear how many people this will apply to. The state authorities only count as native those people with more than 50 percent Hawaiian blood. Native demands are not just based on political grievances, though. They also want their claim on 660,000 hectares of Hawaiian crown land to be accepted. It is on this issue that native groups are facing most opposition from the state authorities. In 1933, the state government paid the OHA US $136 million in back rent on the crown land and many officials say that by accepting this payment the agency has given up its claims to legally own the land. The OHA has vigorously disputed this.

单选题 The universities have trained the intellectual pioneers of our civilization—the priests, the lawyers, the statesmen, the doctors, the men of science, and the men of letters. The conduct of business now requires intellectual imagination of the same type as that which in former times has mainly passed into those other occupations. There is one {{U}}great difficulty which hinders all the higher types of human effort.{{/U}} In modern times this difficulty has even increased in its possibilities for evil. In any large organization the younger men, who are novices. must be set to jobs which consist in carrying out fixed duties in obedience to orders. No president of a large corporation meets his youngest employee at his office door with the offer of the most responsible job which the work of that corporation includes. The young men are set to work at a fixed routine, and only occasionally even see the president as he passes in and out of the building. Such work is a great discipline. It imparts knowledge, and it produces reliability of character; also it is the only work for which the young men, In that novice stage, are fit, and it is the work for which they are hired. There can be no criticism of the custom. but there may be an unfortunate effect: prolonged routine work dulls the imagination. The way in which a university should function in the preparation for an intellectual career, is by promoting the imaginative consideration of the various general principles underlying that career. Its students thus pass tutu their period of technical apprenticeship with their imaginations already practiced in connecting details with general principles. Thus the proper function of a university is the imaginative acquisition of knowledge. Apart from this importance of the imagination, there is no reason why businessmen, and other professional men, should not pick up their facts bit by hit as they want them for particular occasions. A university is imaginative or it is nothing—at least nothing useful.

单选题It is easy to say letters are a (n) (21) way for family members to (22) in touch when the children (23) schools and jobs or (24) families of their own. But what if you think letter writing is not your strong point? And your long-distance phone bill (25) a national debt? Here are some advisable thoughts: Begin a post-card exchange. The message space is small but (26) is the (27) of home that counts. And it can be (28) . Cards (29) from the silly to the poetic; from seasonal scenes to famous paintings from art museums. Operate a clipping service. Envelopes (30) with news items and cartoons are a welcome sight at mail call. Watch newspapers and magazines for articles that amuse or inform. You might (31) a few brief comments in a note--soon you might be writing a whole letter. A daughter found a story about the joys (and hazards) of wallpapering a room and sent it to her mother with a written (32) of her childhood memories of that experience in their own household. She discovered letter writing was easy when she (33) her own experience. Send greeting cards which say "thinking of you." Busy young people find this an especially helpful way to fill the spaces between long, catching-up-to-news-letters. Use little note papers instead of lettersheet. Again, the writing space is small, but your thoughtfulness will be appreciated. Some organizations sell cards and notepapers as fund-raisers; for example, UNICEF (34) money for the United Nations Children Fund with all-occasion cards and stationery designed by famous artists world-wide. This enables your message to do double to contact a loved one with (35) to a cause. Send mementos from things you do. A theater program, a movie review from the newspaper--they can put into words that you want to say. Begin a photo-of-the-month exchange. (36) the family album or take pictures of family faces and places. A mother sent her son of his childhood photos and found herself writing memories she had never shared. Her son, deeply (37) , replied: "Send me more of my life history." Keep a (38) . An executive wrote a paragraph a day before leaving his office and (39) the paragraphs at the end of the week to his daughter. "At first it was pretty mundane," he said, "but soon I was looking for interesting things to write about and it became a real dialogue between us." Remember, it is not a skill with words that (40) ; it is the sight of an envelope from a family member.