单选题Governments attach importance to the Internet because it ______.

单选题 Marianne Moore (1887—1972) once said that her writing could be called poetry only because there was no other name for it. Indeed her poems appear to be extremely compressed essays that happen to be printed in jagged lines on the page. Her subjects were varied: animals, laborers, artists, and the craft of poetry. From her general reading came quotations that she found striking or insightful. She included these in her poems, scrupulously enclosed in quotation marks, and sometimes identified in footnotes. Of this practice, she wrote," ,Why the many quotation marks?' I am asked...When a thing has been said so well that it could not be said better, why paraphrase it? Hence my Writing is, if not a cabinet of fossils, a kind of collection of flies in amber." Close observation and concentration on details are the methods of her poetry. Marianne Moore grew up in Kirkwood, Missouri, near St. Louis. After graduation from Bryn Mawr College in 1909, she taught commercial subjects at the Indian School in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Later she became a librarian in New York City. During the 1920's she was an editor of The Dial, an important literary mfigazine of the period. She lived quietly all her life, mostly in Brooklyn, New York. She spent a lot of time at the Bronx Zoo, fascinated by animals. Her admiration of the Brooklyn Dodgers—before the team moved to Los Angeles—was widely known. Her first book of poems was published in London in 1921 by a group of friends associated with the Imagist movement. From that time on her poetry has been read with interest by succeeding generations of poets and readers. In 1952 she was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for her Collected Poems. She wrote that she did not write poetry "for money or fame. To earn a living is needful, but it can be done in routine ways: One writes because one has a burning desire to objectify what it is indispensable to one's happiness to express ..."

单选题 Directions: You will hear three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece once only. Questions 11—13 are based on the following passage. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11—13.

单选题{{B}}Passage 4{{/B}} Use of the illegal drag named Ecstasy (MDMA) has increased alarmingly in Britain over the last few years, and in 1992 the British Medical Journal claimed that at least seven deaths and many severe adverse reactions have followed its use as a dance drug.14 deaths have so far been attributed to the drug in Britain although it is possible that other drugs contributed to some of those deaths. While it is true that all drugs by their very, nature change the way in which the body reacts to its environment and are therefore potentially dangerous, it is still unclear whether casual use of Ecstasy is as dangerous as authorities believe. What is certain is that the drug causes distinct changes to the body which, unless understood, may lead to fatal complications in certain circumstances. In almost all cases of MDMA related deaths in Britain, overheating of the body and inadequate replacement of fluids have been noted as the primary causes of death. Yet in the US, studies appear to implicate other causes. It seems that normal healthy people are unlikely to die as a result of taking MDMA, but people with pre-existing conditions such as a weak heart or asthma may react in extreme ways and are well advised not to take it. Not all physical problems associated with the drug are immediate. Medium term and long term effects have been reported which are quite disturbing, yet not all are conclusively linked to the drug's use. Medium term effects include the possibility of contracting the liver disease hepatitis or risking damage to the kidneys. However, animal studies show no such damage, although it is readily admitted by researchers that animal studies are far from conclusive since humans react in different ways than rats and monkeys to the drug. Perhaps the most damning evidence urging against the use of Ecstasy is that it is undoubtedly an addictive substance, but one that quickly loses its ability to transport the mind, while it increases its effect upon the body. Yet, unlike the classic addictive drugs, Ecstasy does not produce physical withdrawal symptoms. In fact, because one becomes quickly tolerant of its effect on the mind, it is necessary to forgo its use for a while in order to experience again its full effect. Any substance which produces such a strong effect on the user should be treated with appropriate respect and caution.

单选题 Questions 17-20 are based on the following passage. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 17-20.

单选题Which statement is NOT true?

单选题You will hear three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, read the questions related to it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE.

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单选题Read the following text. Answer the questions below the text by choosing A, B, C or D. Americans Get Touchy The New York Times recently reported that American teens are hugging practically everyone they see. Say goodbye to the greetings of the past, from the hands-off "What's up!" to the handshake or high-five. For young people across the country, hugging is the new "Hello". Girls are hugging girls. Boys are hugging boys. Girls and boys are hugging each other. And, like every major trend, there are lots of variations on the form. There's the classic, full-body, arms-around-the-person bear hug, the casual one-armed side hug, the group hug and the hug from behind. There's the handshake that turns into a hug and the hug that turns into a pat on the back. As trends go, this one seems pretty innocent. But some parents, teachers and school administrators are worried nonetheless. Will young people who aren't as comfortable with physical contact feel peer pressured into hugging? Will kids who don't receive hugs feel left out? Could an extra-long hug slide into the more ominous territory of sexual harassment? In response to some of these concerns, some schools have set up new rules to limit or eliminate hugging. One school head has created a three-second limitation for hugs at her school. A few schools have taken even more drastic measures, placing a ban on all forms of touching between students. A few important points are being left out of the discussion. While the US has traditionally been reserved about touching—saving hugs and kisses for relatives, romantic partners and very close friends—people in many other parts of the world have been greeting each other in this way for ages. In Latin America or Western Europe, in countries like Spain, France, and Italy, a kiss on the cheek is common among women, as well as among women and men who are not romantically involved. The cheek-kiss varies by region. Sometimes it is just an air kiss blown past the face. In other places, the proper way of greeting is to deliver a kiss upon both cheeks, or sometimes even a triplet of kisses performed by kissing one cheek, then the other, then back to the first. Latin American men are more likely to shake hands when greeting other men, but in some countries like Turkey, it's not unusual for men who know each other well to exchange kisses on the cheek. Meanwhile, for the Maori people of New Zealand, a traditional greeting called the "hongi" involves pressing noses together. So, from a global perspective, the new trend of teen hugging in America is not so "new" after all. People all around the world move in close to say hello, and Americans are just now joining in.

单选题 Questions 17 ～ 20 are based on a conversation between a student and his teacher. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 17 ～ 20.

单选题{{B}}Part A{{/B}} Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. {{B}}Text 1{{/B}} If you see a diamond ring on the fourth finger of a woman's left hand, you probably know what it means: in America, this has long been the digit of choice for betrothal jewelry, and the lore of the trade traces the symbolism back to ancient times. But if you see a diamond ring on the fourth finger of a woman's right hand, you may or may not know that it signifies an independent spirit, or even economic empowerment and changing gender mores. "A lot of women have disposable income , "Katie Couric said recently on the "Today" show after showing viewers her Chanel right-hander. "Why wait for a man to give her a diamond ring?" This notion may be traced back, approximately, to September. That's when the Diamond Information Center began a huge marketing campaign aimed at articulating the meaning of righthand rings — and thus a rationale for buying them. "Your left hand says 'we, '" the campaign declares. "{{U}}Your right hand says'me. '{{/U}} " The positioning is brilliant: the wearer may be married or unmarried and may buy the ring herself or request it as a gift. And while it can take years for a new jewelry concept to work itself thoroughly into the mainstream, the right-hand ring already has momentum. At the higher end of the scale, the jewelry maker Kwiat, which supplies stores like Saks, offers a line of Kwiat Spirit Rings that can retail for as much as $ 5,000, and "we're selling it faster than we're manufacturing it," says Bill Gould, the company's chief of- marketing. At the other end of the scale, mass-oriented retailers that often take a wait-and-see attitude have already jumped on the bandwagon. Firms like Kwiat were given what Gould calls "direction" from the Diamond Information Center about the new ring's attributes — multiple diamonds in a north-south orientation that distinguishes it from the look of an engagement ring, and so on. But all this is secondary to the newly minted meaning. "The idea," Morrison says, "is that beyond a trend, this could become a sort of cultural imperative. " A tall order? Well, bear in mind that "a diamond is forever" is not a saying handed down from imperial Rome. It was handed down from an earlier generation of De Beers marketers. Joyce Jonas, a jewelry appraiser and historian, notes that De Beers, in the 40' s and 50's, took advantage of a changing American class structure to turn diamond rings into a(n) (attainable) symbol for the masses. By now, Jonas observes, the stone alone "is just a commodity. "And this, of course, is what makes its invented significance more crucial than ever.

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单选题He comes home late, drunk after obligatory partying with the boss, and goes to bed. Her days are occupied with the home, the children, with hobbies he's scarcely aware of. Years pass. After the kids have gone and retirement nears, husband and wife see no shared dreams. Japan's lower incidence of divorce than that of Western nations has long been seen by the Japanese as an example of their country's social stability and harmony. But a sharp increase in divorce among older Japanese is shaking that belief. And the divorce rate is rising faster for older couples than for any other group. Retirement forces many of Japan's elderly couples into the unknown territory of filling the hours of a day in one another's company. Nobuo Kurokawa, a doctor who specializes in marriage related stress, has coined a term for it: Husband-at-home- stress syndrome. "The wives start developing nervous disorders and exhibiting all sorts of psychosomatic physical symptoms, "he said. "Many even think of suicide." Centuries-old rules about the roles of men and women persisted for the sake of national reconstruction after World War I1. Then prosperity arrived, changing social values. The tradition of the eldest son caring for parents in old age is no longer acceptable to Japan's younger generations. Left to themselves, many elderly couples become lonelier together than they ever were when they spent the greater part of the day apart. The dilemma is highlighted by the response Hiromi Ikeuchi, a marriage counselor, gets when she asks a woman what kind of person her husband is. "Their immediate reaction is to give his job title or his height. But when I ask what his interests are or what worries him, they draw a complete blank," Ikeuchi said. Most of the divorces among elderly couples are initiated by women, but men are increasingly finding they want to divorce after decades of married life. The relatively high proportion of divorces among the elderly in Japan is also related to one of Japan's most cherished values: enduring hardship. Many couples just put up with each other until their kids grow up. By the time they have fulfilled their obligations and feel free to divorce, many seniors simply don't have the energy to go through with it, he said.

单选题{{B}}Text 3{{/B}} Money spent on advertising is money spent as well as any I know of. It serves directly to assist a rapid distribution of goods at reasonable prices, thereby establishing a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export at competitive prices. By helping to increase demand it helps enormously to raise standards of living. By helping to increase demand it ensures an increased need for labor, and is therefore an effective way to fight unemployment. It lowers the costs of many services: without advertisements your daily newspaper would cost four times as much, the price of your television license would need to be doubled, and travel by bus or tube would cost more. And perhaps most important of all, advertising provides a guarantee of reasonable value in the products and services you buy. Apart from the fact that twenty-seven Acts of Parliament govern the terms of advertising, no regular advertiser dare promote a product that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements. He might fool some people for a little while through misleading advertising. He will not do so for long, for mercifully the public has the good sense not to by the inferior article more than once. If you see an article consistently advised, it is the surest proof I know that the article does what is claimed for it, and that it represents good value. Advertising does more for the material benefit of the community than any other force I can think of. There is one more point I feel I ought to touch on. Recently I heard a well-known television personality declare that he was against advertising because it persuades rather than informs. He was drawing excessively fine distinctions. Of course advertising seeks to persuade. If its message were confined merely to information—and that in itself would be difficult if not impossible to achieve, for even a detail such as the choice of the color of a shirt is subtly persuasive—advertising would be so boring that no one would pay any attention. But perhaps that is what the well-known television personality wants.

单选题Questions 11～13 are based on the following talk about a book written by American writer Jack Kerouac. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11～13.

单选题Hernando Cortez has done the following except for______.

单选题A parent with a child carrying a musical instrument or a drawing board walking along a Beijing subway platform or street is a familiar sight on weekends. They are on the way to training schools. Education of their child has become the number one responsibility of parents who were sent to rural areas for "re-education" during the 1966 — 76 "Cultural Revolution". They lost the chance for college education and now hope their children can receive a better education than they did. As a result, these people now in their forties expose their little children to early training so that they can enter a prestigious school. The parents imagine a road to success: from excellent primary and middle schools to an elite university and then to a good job. On average, they may spend about 100 yuan a month on their child's education. And what results have these parents obtained? The majority of them feel that the large investment has failed to lead to rapid progress in their children's study. "We seem to be throwing our money away," said one parent. However, many parents still take for granted that spending more on their child's schooling will result in high scores. These parents have also introduced a "contract system", which offers rewards for good school grades. More than 80% of parents in families in Chengdu have signed contracts with their children, according to the Consumers' Times. The paper notes that the heavy pressure put on children to perform well at school has resulted in a decline in children's health. The parents' investment in their children also includes hiring tutors. A survey of 250 students in Xuzhou found that 10% of their parents hired tutors. The pay for one tutorial hour is three yuan. Liberation Daily commented that these parents have too high expectations of their children. According to the article, "they are trying to help the young plants grow by pulling them upwards". They ignore their children's psychology and may damage the real talents the children possess.