单选题 　　A major reason for conflict in the animal world is territory. The male animal{{U}} (21) {{/U}}an area. The size of the area is sufficient to provide food for him, his{{U}} (22) {{/U}}and their offspring. Migrating birds, for example, divide up the best territory in the order of "first come, first{{U}} (23) {{/U}}" The late arrivals may acquire{{U}} (24) {{/U}}territories, but less food is{{U}} (25) {{/U}}, or they are too close to the{{U}} (26) {{/U}}of the enemies of the species. When there is conflict over territory, animals will commonly use force, or a{{U}} (27) {{/U}}of force, to decide which will stay and which will go. It is interesting to note, however, that animals seem to use only the{{U}} (28) {{/U}}amount of force necessary to drive away the intruder. There is usually no killing. In the{{U}} (29) {{/U}}of those animals which are capable of doing each other harm, there is a {{U}}(30) {{/U}}for the losing animal to show the{{U}} (31) {{/U}}animal that he wishes to submit. When he shows this, the{{U}} (32) {{/U}}normally stops fighting. Animals (especially birds), which can easily escape from conflict seem to have no{{U}} (33) {{/U}}against killing, and equally no{{U}} (34) {{/U}}for{{U}} (35) {{/U}}. The losing bird simply flies away. However, if two doves age{{U}} (36) {{/U}}in a cage, and they start fighting, they will{{U}} (37) {{/U}}to fight until one kills the other. We all think of the dove{{U}} (38) {{/U}}a{{U}} (39) {{/U}}of peace and, in its natural habitat, it is peaceful. But the "peace" mechanism does not{{U}} (40) {{/U}}in a cage.

单选题 {{I}} Questions 18-20 are based on the following monologue introducing the consequences of the Gulf War. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 18-20.{{/I}}

单选题 A history of long and effortless success can be a dreadful handicap, but, if properly handled, it may become a driving force. When the United States entered just such a glowing period after the end of the Second World War, it had a market eight ties larger than any competitor, giving its industries unparalleled economies of scale. Its scientists were the worlds best, its workers the most skilled. America and Americans were prosperous beyond the dreams of the Europeans and Asians whose economies the war had destroyed. It was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed as other countries grew richer. Just as inevitably, the retreat from predominance proved painful. By the mid-1980s Americans had found themselves at a loss over their fading industrial competitiveness. Some huge American industries, such as consumer electronics, had shrank or vanished in the face of foreign competition. By 1987 there was only one American television maker left, Zenith. Now there is none: Zenith was bought by South Koreas LG Electronics in July. Foreign-made cars and textiles were sweeping into the domestic market Americas machine-tool industry was on the ropes. For a while it looked as though the making of semiconductors, which America had which sat at the heart of the new computer age, was going to be the next casualty. All of this caused a crisis of confidence. Americans stopped taking prosperity for granted. They began to believe that their way of doing business was failing, and that their incomes would therefore shortly begin to fall as well. The mid-1980s brought one inquiry after another into the causes of Americas industrial decline. Their sometimes sensational findings were filled with warnings about the growing competition from overseas. How things have changed! In 1995 the United States can look back on five years of solid growth while Japan has been struggling. Few Americans attribute this solely to such obvious causes as a devalued dollar or the turning of the business cycle. Self-doubt has yielded to blind pride. "American industry has changed its structure, has gone on a diet, has learnt to be more quick-witted," according to Richard Cavanagh, executive dean of Harvards Kennedy School of Government, "It makes me proud to be an American just to see how our businesses are improving their productivity, says Stephen Moore of the Cato Institute, a think-tank in Washington, DC. And William Sahlman of the Harvard Business school believes that people will look back on this period as "a golden age of business management in the United States."

单选题Which of the following is in accordance with President Ford's position on disclosure of FBI?

完形填空Each company has many "publics'' who should be able not only recognize its name 【21】 to correctly identify its industry and its 【22】 line. These publics include present customers and stockholders as well as banks, insurance companies, stockbrokers, and securities 【23】 who supply the company with essential services and capital. The 【24】 names of many well-established companies can be a of misinformation, thereby 【25】 communication with them. This was the problem that faced Michigan Seamless Tube Company ― a company with sales of ＄128 million a year. In the first 【26】 ,the company''s name tells us that it is located in Michigan 【27】 that it manufactures seamless tubing. What the name does not 【28】 to most people is the fact Michigan Seamless Tube also has operations in five 【29】 states and has a varied product line ― specialty forgings, broaching machines, tools, and steel bars ― in addition to seamless tubing. The problem was 【30】 by the company''s 【31】 , which operated 【32】 their own names and were not clearly identified with the 【33】 company. Customers, suppliers, and the financial community did not see Michigan Seamless Tube as a 【34】 based metal producer. They perceived it only as a small, 【35】 , regional manufacturing company. The company''s 【36】 decided to adopt a new corporate identity. The 【37】 point for this change was the company name. The new name had to be one that could encompass all of the company''s products and subsidiaries, a name that would correctly project the image of a 【38】 corporation. After considering many different possibilities, management decided on a 【39】 word: Quanes ― a name 【40】from a combination of the first three letters of the word " quality" and the first three letters of the Latin word "nex", which means connection.

完形填空Broadly speaking, the Englishman is a quiet, shy, reserved person who is fully 【B1】 only among people he knows well. In the presence of strangers or foreigners he often seems inhibited, 【B2】 embarrassed. You have only 【B3】 a commuter train any morning or evening to see the truth of this. Serious-looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or dozing in a corner; no one speaks. In fact, to do so would seem most unusual. 【B4】 , there is here an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior which, 【B5】 broken, makes the person immediately the object of 【B6】 It is a well-known fact that the English have a 【B7】 for the discussion of their weather and that, given half a chance, they will talk about it 【B8】 Some people argue that it is because English weather 【B9】 forecast and hence is a source of interest and 【B10】 to everyone. This may be so. 【B11】 Englishmen cannot have much 【B12】 in the weathermen, who, after promising fine, sunny weather for the following day, are often proved wrong 【B13】 a cloud over the Atlantic brings rainy weather to all districts! The man in the street seems to be as accurate—or as inaccurate—as the weathermen in his 【B14】. The overseas visitors may be excused for showing surprise at all the number of references 【B15】 weather that the English make to each other in the course of a single day. Very often conversational greetings are 【B16】 by comments on the weather. "Nice day, isn''t it?" "Beautiful! "may well be heard instead of "Good morning, how are you?" 【B17】 the foreigner may consider this exaggerated and comic, it is worthwhile pointing out that it could be used to his advantage. 【B18】 he wants to start a conversation with an Englishman but is 【B19】 to know where to begin, he could do well to mention the state of the weather. It is a safe subject which will 【B20】 an answer from even the most reserved of Englishmen.

完形填空Do you have any knowledge of the space station? A space station is a place 【21】 people can and work on space 【22】 long periods. It orbits the earth, usually about 200 to 300 miles high. A space station may 【23】 as an observatory, laboratory, factory, workshop, warehouse, and fuel depot. Space stations are much larger than manned spacecraft, 【24】 they provide more comforts. Manned spacecraft may 【25】 people between the earth and the space station. Unmanned spacecraft may supply the station 【26】 food, water, equipment, mail and so on. Small space stations can be 【27】 on the earth and launched orbit by 【28】 rockets. Larger stations are 【29】 in space. Rockets or space shuttles 【30】 modules of the station into space, where astronauts assemble them. Old modules can be replaced, and new modules can be 【31】 to expand the station. A space station has 【32】 one docking port 【33】 which a visiting spacecraft can attach itself. Most docking ports 【34】 of a rimmed doorway called a hatch that can connect 【35】 the hatch on the visiting spacecraft to form an airtight seal. When the two hatches open, they form a pressurized tunnel between the station and the visiting spacecraft. The main tasks of a space station crew involve scientific research. For example, they might analyze the 【36】 of micro gravity on various materials, 【37】 the earth''s surface, or study the stars and planets. Astronauts 【38】 a space station also 【39】 much of their time to the assembly of equipment and the expansion of the station''s facilities. This includes 【40】 beams, connecting electrical and gas lines, and welding permanent joints between sections of the station. The crew must also fix or replace broken equipment.

完形填空The loudest outcry about poverty seemed to come in the wealthiest country by far in the world

完形填空During recent years we have heard much about "race" : how this race does certain things and that race believes certain things and so on. Yet, the 【B1】 phenomenon of race consists of a few surface indications. We judge race usually 【B2】 the coloring of the skin: a white race, a brown race, a yellow race and a black race. But 【B3】 you were to remove the skin you could not 【B4】 anything about the race to which the individual belonged. There is 【B5】 in physical structure, the brain or the internal organs to 【B6】 a difference. There are four types of blood. 【B7】 types are found in every race, and no type is distinct to any race. Human brains are the 【B8】 No scientists could examine a brain and tell you the race to which the individual belonged. Brains will 【B9】 in size, but this occurs within every race. 【B10】 does size have anything to do with intelligence. The largest brain 【B11】 examined belonged to a person of weak 【B12】 On the other hand, some of our most distinguished people have had 【B13】 brains. Mental tests which are reasonably 【B14】 show no differences in intelligence between races. High and low test results both can be recorded by different members of any race. 【B15】 equal educational advantages, there will be no difference in average standings, either on account of race or geographical location. Individuals of every race 【B16】 civilization to go backward or forward. Training and education can change the response of a group of people, 【B17】 enable them to behave in a 【B18】 way. The behavior and ideals of people change according to circumstances, but they can always go back or go on to something new 【B19】 is better and higher than anything 【B20】 the past.

完形填空According to government statistics, men of all social classes in Britain visit pubs quite often, 【21】 the kind of pub they go to may be different and their reasons for going there 【22】 ,too. At present, they often take their wives or girl-friends, which 【23】 to be the case. The fact is that the typical English pub is changing, partly 【24】 the licensing laws not being so strict as they 【25】 ,but also because publicans are trying to 【26】 away with the old Victorian 【27】 of the pub and 【28】 provide couples with an atmosphere where they can both feel happy. Pub used not to open 【29】 at certain times. The result was that they were usually 【30】 with men who seemed to be drinking as much as possible in the time 【31】 . But that kind of pub is quickly becoming a thing of the past. Curiously enough, the old British licensing laws, which foreigners found so objectionable and absurd, were 【32】 introduced as a 【33】 measure to stop workers drinking in the World War I. 【34】 , the strong Puritanical 【35】 in Parliament took 【36】of the law and 【37】 it. Opening hours are 【38】 limited to eight hours a day, but the publican can now choose which hours 【39】 him best. And nowadays you can even get a cup of coffee if you prefer 【40】 beer. But in spite of this the Puritans would never dream of admitting that a pub could become a repeatable place.

完形填空During the 1980s,unemployment and underemployment in some countries was as high as 90 percent. Some countries did not 【21】 enough food; basic needs in housing and clothing were not 【22】 Many of these countries looked to the industrial processes of the developed countries 【23】 solutions. 【24】 , problems. cannot always be solved by copying the industrialized countries . Industry in the developed countries is highly automated and very 【25】 . It provides fewer jobs than labor-intensive industrial processes, and highly 【26】 workers are needed to 【27】 and repair the equipment. These workers must be trained 【28】 many countries do not have the necessary training institutions. Thus, the 【29】 of importing industry becomes higher. Students must be sent abroad to 【30】 vocational and professional training. 【31】 ,just to begin training, the students must 【32】 learn English, French, German, or Japanese. The students then spend many years abroad, and 【33】 do not return home. All countries agree that science and technology 【34】 be shared. The point is: countries 【35】 the industrial processes of the developed countries need to look carefully 【36】 the costs, because many of these costs are 【37】 . Students from these countries should 【38】 the problems of the developed countries closely. 【39】 care, they will take home not the problems of science and technology, 【40】 the benefits.

完形填空All the wisdom of the ages, all the stories that have delighted mankind for centuries, are easily and cheaply 【21】 to all of us 【22】 the covers of books ― but we must know how to avail ourselves 【23】 this treasure and how to get 【24】 from it. The most 【25】 people all over the world, are 【26】 who have never discovered how 【27】 it is to read good books. I am very interested in people, in meeting them and 【28】 about them. Some of the most 【29】 people I''ve met existed only in a writer''s imagination, then 【30】 the pages of his book, and then, again, in my imagination. I''ve found in books new friends, new societies, new words. If I am interested in people, others are interested not so much in who 【31】 in how. Who in the books includes everybody from science-fiction superman two hundred centuries in the future all the way back to the first 【32】 in history; how 【33】 everything from the ingenious explanations of Sherlock Folmes 【34】 the discoveries of science and ways of teaching manners to children. Reading can make our minds feel pleased , 【35】 means that it is a little like a sport: your eagerness and knowledge and quickness 【36】 you a good reader. Reading is 【37】 , not because the writer is telling you something, 【38】 because it makes your mind work. Your own imagination works together with the 【39】 or even goes beyond his. Your experience, 【40】 his, brings you to the same or different conclusions, and your ideas develop as you understand his.

完形填空Some call it the Smart Shooter, a new rifle for American infantry troops that is two weapons in one, is accurate up to 1,000 yards and in 【B1】 fires 【B2】 corners. Its message to enemies is that they can run but they can''t hide. Still in the development phase, the rifle for 2006 has just been 【B3】 off with great 【B4】 by the Pentagon to members of Congress who will be asked to 【B5】 the money. The makers, Alliant Techsystems, say that the weapon will revolutionize 【B6】 combat much as the machine gun. Pentagon jargon has given the new gun a (an) 【B7】 title; the Objective Individual Combat Weapon. 【B8】 one trigger, the rifle can fire a standard 5. 56mm Nato bullet and a 20mm high explosive shell that will burst in the air. It can 【B9】 shrapnel behind, 【B10】 or even from the side of enemy troops who have taken 【B11】 behind a building. The shell can be 【B12】 to explode after a short delay. The weapon''s 1,000 yard accuracy is twice 【B13】 of other rifles, made possible by a laser system built into the sight. This rangefinder fixes the target, measures the distance and passes it along to a computer chip in the shell. The gunsight has an infrared lens for night 【B14】 It can also have video camera with a zoom lens that is linked to a video display attached to the soldier''s helmet, allowing him to aim 【B15】 without exposing himself to enemy return fire. But there are snags still be 【B16】 out. Two men were 【B17】 when a shell burst in a barrel during firing tests. The rifle weighs more than 181b. There are questions whether its electronic innards will be rugged enough for rain, snow and difficult 【B18】 . Michael Klare, a professor of peace and world security issues and a board member of the Arms Control Association, says that the Pentagon is seeking this combination of firepower and automation to compensate for the uncertain aim of GIs. He said: " Soldiers won''t have to worry about careful steady aim. They''ll just look 【B19】 the viewfinder and 【B20】 the trigger. "

完形填空In the past, the Park Service focused on making the big scenic parks more 【21】 and comfortable for tourists. Roads were paved to allow "windshield visitors" to experience the grandeur of nature without leaving their cars, and a 【22】 number of hotels and grocery stores were permitted to open 【23】 the park boundaries. Now this trend is changing. Plans have been made to 【24】 the parks to their natural condition as much as possible. The objective of such a move would be to secure the preservation of the parks for future generations, 【25】 allowing present-day visitors to experience pure wilderness, 【26】 from any obvious signs of civilization ― an opportunity which is quickly disappearing in the twentieth century. 【27】 plans call only 【28】 a reduction in the number of cars 【29】 into the parks each day, but 【30】 , tourists may have to leave their cars at the gates and then dither visit the park on foot 【31】 use park 【32】 . 【33】 , stores and hotels may no longer be allowed within park boundaries and even the number of campgrounds may be restricted. Denali National Park in Alaska serves as an excellent 【34】 for this new type of park, one which has been changed only slightly from its 【35】 state. There is only one road, unpaved in 【36】 ,which cross 【37】 Denali. As car traffic is strictly limited, many visitors experience the magnificent 【38】 and wildlife from a park bus. There are no hotels or stores and only seven campgrounds within Denali''s 3,000 square miles. This 【39】 isolation offers backpackers, canoeists, and other sport enthusiasts a 【40】 physical and psychological challenge.

完形填空Computers are now being pushed into schools. We know that multimedia will make 【21】 easy and fun. Children will happily learn from 【22】 characters while taught by expertly 【23】 software. Who needs teachers when you''ve got 【24】 education? These expensive toys are difficult to use in the classrooms and 【25】 extensive teacher training. Sure, kids love video games ― 【26】 think of your own experience: can you 【27】 even one educational filmstrip of many years ago? I''ll 【28】 you remember the two or three great teachers who made a 【29】 in your life. Then there''s cyber business. We''re promised 【30】 catalog shopping ― just point and click for great deals. We''ll order airline tickets 【31】 the network, book restaurants and negotiate sales 【32】 .Stores will become obsolete. So how come my local mall does more 【33】 in an afternoon than the entire Internet 【34】 in a month? Even if there were a trustworthy way to 【35】 money over the Internet, the network is 【36】 a most essential ingredient of trade and commerce: salespeople. What''s absent from this electronic wonderland? People contact. Computers and networks 【37】 us from one another. A network chat line is a limp 【38】 for meeting friends over coffee. No interactive multimedia display comes 【39】 to the excitement of a 【40】 concert. This virtual reality where frustration is legion and where ― in the holy names of Education and Progress ― important aspects of human interactions are relentlessly devalued.