问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} From your life experience you find that a sense of humor is very important in dealing with the problems in your life as well as in your relationship with other people. There is a discussion among your classmates about the importance of humor in everyday life. Write an essay to join the discussion by induding the following two points: 1) the definition of humor; 2) an example of its use in daily life. You should write 160-200 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.

问答题 Laws of nature are of two basic forms: (1) a law is universal if it states that some conditions, so far as are known, invariably are found together with certain other conditions; and (2) a law is probabilistic if it affirms that, on the average, a stated fraction of cases displaying a given condition will display a certain other condition as well. In either ease, a law may be valid even though it obtains only under special circumstances or as a convenient approximation. {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}Moreover, a law of nature has no logical necessity; rather, it rests directly or indirectly upon the evidence of experience.{{/U}} Laws of universal form must be distinguished from generalizations, such as "All chairs in this office are gray," which appear to be accidental. Generalizations, for example, cannot support counterfactual conditional statements such as "If this chair had bees in my office, it would be gray" nor subjunctive conditionals such as "If this chair were put in my office, it would be gray." On the other hand, the statement "All planetary objects move in nearly elliptical paths about their star" does provide this support. All scientific laws appear to give similar results. {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}The class of universal statements that can be candidates for the status of laws, however, is determined at any time in history the theories of science then current.{{/U}} Several positive attributes are commonly required of a natural law. Statements about things or events limited to one location or one date cannot be lawlike. Also, most scientists hold that the predicate must apply to evidence not used in deriving the law: though the law is founded upon experience, it must predict or help one to understand matters not included among these experiences. Finally, it is normally expected that a law will be explainable by more emhracing laws or by some theory. {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}Thus, a regularity for which there are general theoretical grounds for expecting it will be more readily called a natural law than an empirical regularity that cannot be subsumed under more general laws or theories.{{/U}} Universal laws are of several types. {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}Many assert a dependence between varying quantities measuring certain properties, as in the law that the pressure of a gas under steady temperature is inversely proportional to its volume.{{/U}} Others state that events occur in an invariant order, as in "Vertebrates always occur in the fossil record after the rise of invertebrates." Lastly, there are laws affirming that if an object is of a stated sort it will have certain observable properties. {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}Part of the reason for the ambiguity of the term law of nature lies in the temptation to apply the term only to statements of one of these sorts of laws, as in the claim that science deals solely with cause and effect relationships, when in fact all three kinds are equally valid.{{/U}}

问答题Interlocutor:I'mgoingtogiveeachofyouapictureandI'dlikeyoutofirstdescribeitbrieflyandthengiveyourcommentonwhatyouseeinthepicture.(PutPicture1forCandidatesinfrontofbothcandidates.)CandidateA,thisisyourpicture.Youhavethreeminutestotalkaboutit.CandidateB,listencarefullywhileCandidateAisspeaking.Whenhe/shehasfinished,I'dlikeyoutoaskhim/heraquestionaboutwhathe/shehassaid.CandidateA,wouldyouliketobeginnow,please?Interlocutor:(TakebackPicture1andputPicture2forCandidatesinfrontofbothcandidates.)OK,CandidateB,hereisyourpicture.Youalsohavethreeminutestotalkaboutit.CandidateA,listencarefullywhileCandidateBisspeaking.Whenhe/shehasfinished,I'dlikeyoutoaskhim/heraquestionaboutwhathe/shehassaid.CandidateB,wouldyouliketobeginnow,please?

问答题For example, they do not compensate for gross social inequality, and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances.

问答题Interlocutor:Now,I"dlikeyoutotalkaboutsomethingbetweenyourselvesandspeakloudlysothatwecanhearyou.Youshouldtakecaretosharetheopportunityofspeaking.(PutPictureforCandidatesinfrontofbothcandidatesandgiveinstructionswithreferencetothepicture.)Youareaskedtotalkaboutthewayoftravelingyoulike—packagetourortravelingindividually.Giveyourcommentonwhatyouseeinthepicture.Thispictureisforyourreference.Youhavethreeminutesforthis.Wouldyouliketobeginnow,please?

问答题They had produced 100 tractors by the end of last year.

问答题Directions: The people from the Mars can not understand why the people on earth should crowd themselves in cities on earth. You are invited to list three advantages to them. They are: 1) the city provides people with a background to learn and study, 2) it provides people with a stage to demonstrate their capability and 3) it is a place where you seldom feel dull. You should write 160-200 words on ANSWER SHEET2.

问答题 In such a changing, complex society formerly simple solutions to informational needs become complicated. 61) {{U}}Many of life's problems which were solved by asking family members, friends or colleagues are beyond the capability of the extended family to resolve. {{/U}}Where to turn for expert information and how to determine which expert advice to accept are questions facing many people today? In addition to this, there is the growing mobility of people since World War Ⅱ. 62) {{U}}As families move away from their stable community, their friends of many years, their extended family relationships, the informal flow of information is cut off, and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and will be trustworthy and reliable. {{/U}}The almost unconscious flow of information about the simplest aspects of living can be cut off. Thus things once learned subconsciously through the casual communications of the extended family must be consciously learned. Adding to social changes today is an enormous stockpile of information. 63) {{U}}The individual now has more information available than any generation, and the task of finding that one piece of information relevant to his or her specific problem is complicated, time-consuming and sometimes even overwhelming. {{/U}} 64) {{U}}Coupled with the growing quantity of information is the development of technologies which enable the storage and delivery of more information with greater speed to more locations than has ever been possible before. {{/U}}Computer technology makes it possible to store vast amounts of data in machine-readable files, and to program computer to locate specific information. Telecommunications developments enable the sending of messages via television, radio, and very shortly, electronic mail to bombard people with multitudes of messages. Satellites have extended the power of communications to report events at the instant of occurrence. Expertise can be shared worldwide through teleconferencing, and problems in dispute can be settled without the participants leaving their homes and/or jobs to travel to a distant conference site. Technology has facilitated the sharing of information and the storage and delivery of information, thus making more information available to more people. In this world of change and complexity, the need for information is of greatest importance. Those people who have accurate, reliable up-to-date information to solve the day-to-day problems, the critical problems of their business, social and family life, will survive and succeed. 65) {{U}}"Knowledge is power" may well be the truest saying and access to information may be the most critical requirement of all people. {{/U}}

问答题 Write a composition on the following topic: Some people trust their first impression about a person's character because they believe these judgements are generally correct. Other people do not judge a person's character quickly because they believe first impressions are often wrong. Compare these two attitudes. Which attitude do you agree with? Support your choice with specific examples. You should write 160--200 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.

问答题1) Every day, thousands of people die from traffic accidents in the world. 2) a. Drivers pay no attention to their driving behavior. b. The whole society indulgent towards the peace breaker; too much traffic in both the city and the countryside. 3) Make laws and regulations to prevent accidents.

问答题Directions: Write an essay on Studying Abroad. In your essay, make full use of the information provided below. (1) the situation of studying abroad (2) advantages of studying overseas (3) my points of view You should write 160—200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.