问答题You should have taken those books back to the library.

问答题As part of more comprehensive compliance and ethics programs, many companies have formulated internal policies pertaining to the ethical conduct of employees. These policies can be simple exhortations in broad, highly-generalized language (typically called a corporate ethics statement), or they can be more detailed policies, containing specific behavioral requirements (typically called corporate ethics codes). 1 They are generally meant to identify the company"s expectations of workers and to offer guidance on handling some of the more common ethical problems that might arise in the course of doing business. 2 It is hoped that having such a policy will lead to greater ethical awareness, consistency in application, and the avoidance of ethical disasters. 3 An increasing number of companies also requires employees to attend seminars regarding business conduct, which often include discussion of the company"s policies, specific case studies, and legal requirements. Some companies even require their employees to sign agreements stating that they will abide by the company"s rules of conduct. Many companies are assessing the environmental factors that can lead employees to engage in unethical conduct. A competitive business environment may call for unethical behavior. Lying has become expected in fields such as trading. An example of this are the issues surrounding the unethical actions of the Saloman Brothers. Not everyone supports corporate policies that govern ethical conduct. Some claim that ethical problems are better dealt with by depending upon employees to use their own judgment. Others believe that corporate ethics policies are primarily rooted in utilitarian concerns, and that they are mainly to limit the company"s legal liability, or to curry public favor by giving the appearance of being a good corporate citizen. Ideally, the company will avoid a lawsuit because its employees will follow the rules. 4 Should a lawsuit occur, the company can claim that the problem would not have arisen if the employee had only followed the code properly. Sometimes there is disconnection between the company"s code of ethics and the company"s actual practices. 5 Thus, whether or not such conduct is explicitly sanctioned by management, at worst, this makes the policy duplicitous (搞两面派的), and, at best, it is merely a marketing tool.

问答题Read the following text(s) and write an essay to 1) summarize the main points of the text(s), 2) make clear your own viewpoints, and 3) justify your stand. In your essay, make full use of the information provided in the text(s). If you use more than three consecutive words from the text(s), use quotation marks(" "). You should write 160-200 words. NOBODY else in the computer industry, or any other industry for that matter, could put on a show like Steve Jobs. His product launches, at which he would stand alone on a black stage and conjure up a "magical" or "incredible" new electronic gadget in front of an awed crowd, were the performances of a master showman. He spent his life packaging that magic into elegantly designed, easy to use products. He had been among the first, back in the 1970s, to see the potential that lay in the idea of selling computers to ordinary people. In those days of green-on-black displays, when floppy discs were still floppy, the notion that computers might soon become ubiquitous seemed fanciful. But Mr. Jobs was one of a handful of pioneers who saw what was coming. Mr. Jobs caught the computing bug while growing up in Silicon Valley. As a teenager in the late 1960s he cold-called his idol, Bill Hewlett, and talked his way into a summer job at Hewlett-Packard. But it was only after dropping out of college, travelling to India, becoming a Buddhist and experimenting with psychedelic drugs that Mr. Jobs returned to California to co-found Apple, in his parents" garage, on April Fools" Day 1976. Dropping out of his college course and attending calligraphy classes instead had, for example, given Mr. Jobs an apparently useless love of typography. But support for a variety of fonts was to prove a key feature of the Macintosh. Mr. Jobs expected to sell "zillions" of his new machines. But the Mac was not the mass-market success Mr. Jobs had hoped for, and he was ousted from Apple by its board. His remarkable second act began in 1996 when Apple, having lost its way, acquired NEXT, and Mr. Jobs returned to put its technology at the heart of a new range of Apple products. And the rest is history: Apple launched the iMac, the iPod, the iPhone and the iPad, and became the world"s most valuable listed company.

问答题Interlocutor:I'mgoingtogiveeachofyouapictureandI'dlikeyoutofirstdescribeitbrieflyandthengiveyourcommentonwhatyouseeinthepicture.(PutPicture1forcandidatesinfrontofbothcandidates.)Picture1CandidateA,thisisyourpicture.Youhavethreeminutestotalkaboutit.CandidateB,listencarefullywhileCandidateAisspeaking.Whenhe/shehasfinished.I'dlikeyoutoaskhim/heraquestionaboutwhathe/shehassaid.CandidateA,wouldyouliketobeginnow,please?CandidateA:...(Aboutthreeminutes.)Interlocutor:Thankyou.Now,CandidateB,couldyoupleaseaskyourpartneraquestion?(Halfaminuteforaskingandansweringthequestion.)Interlocutor:Thankyou.Picture2CandidateB,thisisyourpicture.Youhavethreeminutestotalkaboutit.CandidateA,listencarefullywhileCandidateBisspeaking.Whenhe/shehasfinished.I'dlikeyoutoaskhim/heraquestionaboutwhathe/shehassaid.CandidateB,wouldyouliketobeginnow,please?CandidateB:...(Aboutthreeminutes.)Interlocutor:Thankyou.Now,CandidateA,couldyoupleaseaskyourpartneraquestion?(Halfaminuteforaskingandansweringthequestion.)Interlocutor:Thankyou.Thisistheendofthetest.

问答题 Black holes. They act like huge drains in the universe. Frightening? Fascinating? Or just fantasy? The very concept of black holes confuses our common sense notions of matter, time, and space. The theory that black holes can, and probably do, exist in space doesn' t only concern scientists and astronomers. 61. {{U}}For if the theory is valid, we must question all our basic physical laws and, indeed, our "normal" experience of the physical world around us.{{/U}} What is a black hole? Well, it' s difficult to answer this question, since the terms we would normally use to describe a scientific phenomenon are inadequate here. 62. {{U}}Astronomers and scientists think that a black hole is a region of space (not a thing) into which matter has fallen and from which nothing can escape--not even light.{{/U}} So we can' t see a black hole. A black hole exerts a strong gravitational pull and yet it has no matter. It is only space--or so we think. How can this happen? The theory is that some stars explode when their density increases to a particular point; they "collapse" and sometimes a supernova occurs. The collapse of a star may produce a "White Dwarf" or a "neutron star"--a star whose matter is so dense that it continually shrinks by the force of its own gravity. But if the star is very large (much bigger, than our sun) this process of shrinking may be so intense that a black hole results. 63. {{U}}Imagine the earth reduced to the size of a marble, but still having the same mass and a stronger gravitational pull, and you have some idea of the force of a black hole.{{/U}} Any matter near the black hole is sucked in. It is impossible to say what happens inside a black hole. Our space and time laws don' t seem to apply to objects in the area of a black hole. Einstein' s relativity theory is the only one that can explain such phenomena. Einstein claimed that matter and energy are interchangeable, so that there is no "absolute" time and space. There are no constants at all, and measurements of time and space depend on the position of the observer--they are relative. 64. {{U}}We do not yet fully understand the implications of relativity theory; but it is interesting that Einstein' s theory provided a basis for their existence.{{/U}} It is only recently that astronomers have begun specific research into black holes. The most convincing evidence of black holes comes from research into binary star systems. In some binary systems, astronomers have shown that there is an invisible companion star, a partner to "the one which we can see in the sky. There is one star, called by its catalogue number HDE 226868, which must have a partner. This partner star, it seems, has a mass ten or twenty times greater than the sun--yet we can' t see it. Matter from HDE 226868 is being dragged towards this companion star. Could this invisible star, which exerts such a great force, be a black hole? Astronomers have evidence of a few other stars too, which might have black holes as companions. The story of black holes is just beginning. Speculations about them are endless. There might be a massive black hole at the center of our galaxy swallowing up stars at a very rapid rate. Mankind may one day meet this fate. On the other hand, scientists have suggested that very advanced technology could one day harness the energy of black holes for man' s use on earth. There are also suggestions that black holes could be used to create bombs in the future, by amplifying radio waves sent up to them. These speculations sound like science fiction. But the theory of black holes in space is accepted by many serious scientists and astronomers. 65. {{U}}They show us a world that operates in a totally different way from our own and they question our most basic experience of space and time.{{/U}}

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}{{I}}WiththeappearanceoftheInternet,anewlifestyle—Soho,namely,smallorhomeoffice,isdevelopingquicklyintheworld.Thefollowinggraphshowitsgrowthtendercy.Youaresupposedtowriteacompositiononthissubject.Youshouldwriteapproximately160—200wordsonANSWERSHEET2.{{/I}}

问答题 　　At our house, nobody gets more mail than Jake: catalogs, coupons, and offers to subscribe to magazines.{{U}} (61) He is also urged to donate to worth causes and take advantage of some pretty incredible credit-card offers.{{/U}} He ignores all of them. What do they expect? He's a dog.　　(62){{U}}It all started when I used Jake's name as an assumed name on the Internet. in an attempt to protect what's left of my privacy.{{/U}} Before I knew it, junk was pouring in, proving once again that these days every move you make online can be, and often is, carefully watched and recorded by people who don't know you from your dog--everyone from ad and insurance agencies to nonprofit groups and even the dreaded telemarketers. And let's not forget the more, shall we say, unscrupulous characters.　　{{U}}(63) We've all heard horror stories about people whose identities, in the form of credit card or Social Security numbers, were assumed by crooks. Identity theft is one of the fastest-growing crimes around.{{/U}} Even if you never buy anything online, your privacy can be compromised by Web "cookies." A cookie is a small file that a Web site stores on your computer containing information it can use to "recognize" you if you return to that site. Most cookies pose little risk to privacy on their own. The problem comes when others get hold of your cookies. In a highly publicized case earlier this year, DonbleClick Inc planned to cross reference consumer cookie data with information from a marketing database, such as name, address and credit card purchase history.{{U}} (64) Seen as an unethical violation of consumers' privacy, a lawsuit followed. DoubleClick backed off the plan. for now.{{/U}} In the meantime, other threats to your cyber privacy still exist. Example: Anyone who knows where to look can buy stolen credit card numbers in chat rooms, and spends up every penny on your card in minutes. {{U}}(65) As new technologies bring out the creativity in crooks, your best bet may be plain old-fashioned vigilance.{{/U}} Keep track of each penny, balance your checkbook and follow up on discrepancies in your statements immediately. However much the world change, it still pays to be your own watchdog.

问答题The automobile industry has enjoyed a continuous boom in the past ten years. Here is a discussion on this topic: (1) Some people think automobiles bring convenience. (2) Other people think automobiles bring many problems. (3) My points of view on automobiles. In your essay, you should use the three pieces of information mentioned above. You should write 160-200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.

问答题Three common ways of remembering are: repetition, association, and exaggeration. Repetition is the key to long term memory. 61) Physiologically, when brain cells are activated by the memory process, the nerve cell coating becomes thicker and thicker with each repetition, strengthening the electrical pathway in brain that constitutes memory. In addition, when associations between parts of a thing remembered are formed, the nerve cell body sends out axon runners to other associated memory cells. These runners from one cell connect to runners on other cells. 62) As the pathway is used repetitiously, the surrounding cells become larger and more tightly wrapped around the electrically conductive pathways, thereby transforming the memory from a short-term memory to a long-term memory. Memories of similar objects reside in nearby regions of the brain, while memories of exotic or exaggerated objects are farther away. 63) By forming memories with creative and unusual associations, many more pathways are established, much like a spider weaving an ever bigger web, in which each part leads to the center by many interconnected pathways. Memory links are also established when a variety of sensations and muscular activity are engaged. 64) Indeed, some people seem to be more proficient at learning by either seeing, heating or writing, but no one method can provide the more numerous pathways provided by all three in combination. Memory is enhanced not only by repetition, but also by association and exaggeration of certain features of the object. Many memories are recalled as series of objects. For instance, a memory device to remember four common logical fallacies is a picture of the Earth, with the green continents and blue oceans, viewed from outer space with a flight of white geese circling around it. This image is used to recall the statement "geese circle every continent." The first letters of that statement stand for the logic fallacies of generalization, circularities, either/or, and cause and effect. Size, also, seems to play a role in memorization. During the Middle Ages, memory contests were held annually. In one, the winner remembered one hundred thousand sequential items. A time-proven memory method from the Middle Ages is association of abstract ideas to large objects. 65) The objects used for trigger recall seem to need to be about the size of a human, so that, if we were blind, we could identify the object by touch. Large objects in the memory seem to engage muscular memory areas as well as sight memory areas in the brain and expand the memory web. For instance, remembering the points of a speech about a military battle might involving walking from one room to another in a familiar house.

问答题Directions: You are allowed 35 minutes to write a composition on Bicycles according to the following outline: 1．The most important and popular transportation tools in China; 2．Compared with cars, bicycles have many advantages; 3．Bicycles also bring about a lot of problems. You should write 160—200 words and write your composition neatly and coherently.

问答题The Students' Union of your university is planning to hold an arts festival next semester, and they are inviting students to contribute their ideas and suggestions as to how it should be organized or what should be included. Write an essay on the topic My Idea of A University Arts Festival to state your opinion. In your essay, you should (1)state specifically what your idea is, (2) provide one or two reasons to support your idea or describe your idea, and (3) draw a natural conclusion. You should write 160～200 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.

问答题 {{U}}The free enterprise system has produced a technology capable of providing the American consumer with the largest and most varied marketplace in the world. Technological advances, however, have come hand-in-hand with impersonal mass marketing of goods and services. {{/U}}Along with progress, too, have come some instances of manipulative advertising practices and a proliferation of products whose reliability, safety and quality are difficult to evaluate. Today's consumers buy, enjoy, use and discard more types of goods than could possibly have been imagined even a few years ago. Yet too often consumers have no idea of the materials that have gone into the manufacturer's finished product or their own motivation in selecting one product over another. 62. {{U}}Easy credit and forceful techniques of modern marketing persuade many consumers to buy what they cannot afford. The consequent overburdening of family budgets is a problem for consumers at all economic levels.{{/U}} It is not unusual for families to allocate 20 percent or more of their income to debt repayments witho6t understanding the effect this allocation has upon other choices. Some families have such tight budgets that an illness, a period of unemployment, or some other crisis finds them without adequate reserves. 63. {{U}}In addition to the growing complexity of the market, consumers are sometimes faced with unfair and deceptive practices. Although there are laws designed to protect the consumer, there is not a sufficient number of law enforcers to cover all the abuses of the marketplace.{{/U}} 64. {{U}}There is growing concern and awareness, too, of the disadvantage of the poor and undereducated American in the marketplace of the affluent.{{/U}} Families in low-income inner city and rural areas often do not have the same varieties of goods and prices available to them as their middle-income counterparts. They are more likely to be targets for fraudulent sales schemes and high cost credit than their affluent neighbors. An adult in today's society should be knowledgeable in the use of credit. He should understand what is involved in purchasing a house, and the many pitfalls to be avoided when entering into financial agreements. 65. {{U}}He should know enough about advertising and selling techniques to enable him to discern the honest from the fraudulent and deceptive.{{/U}} He should be knowledgeable about consumer protection laws so that he can demand his rights. When he needs help, he should know the private and public sources to which he can turn for assistance.

问答题Interlocutor: Good morning/afternoon. Could I have your mark sheets, please? Thank you. (Hand over the mark sheets to the Assessor.) My name is ______ and this is my colleague ______. He/She will just listen to us. So, you axe ______ (name) and ______ (name)? Thank you. First of all, we'd like to know something about you, so I'm going to ask you some questions.

问答题Directions:StudythefollowingtablecarefullyandwriteacompositiononChangesinPeople'sDiet.Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingtable.Inyouressay,youshouldfirstdescribethetable,theninterpretitsmeaning,andgiveyoucommentonit.YoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.

问答题The purpose of these ceremonies is to keep away evil spirits, rather than to ask for the sea god's protection.