问答题Some people like to share a room with a stranger, while others dislike it. Write an essay to describe your opinion about it. Your essay should include: (1) both advantages and disadvantages of sharing a room with a stranger; (2) your preference. You should write 160 ~ 200 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.

问答题Interlocutor:Now,I"dlikeyoutotalkaboutsomethingbetweenyourselvesandspeakloudlysothatwecanhearyou.Youshouldtakecaretosharetheopportunityofspeaking.(PutPictureforCandidatesinfrontofbothcandidatesandgiveinstructionswithreferencetothepicture.)Supposeyouoftendoe-shoppingonline.Whydoyouprefere-shoppingtotraditionalwaysofshopping?Pleasegiveyourreasons.Thispictureisforyourreference.Youhavethreeminutesforthis.Wouldyouliketobeginnow,please?

问答题 The universities are schools of education, and schools of research. {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}But the primary reason for their existence is not to be found either in the mere knowledge conveyed to the students or in the mere opportunities for research afforded to the members of the faculty.{{/U}} The justification for a university is that it preserves the connection between knowledge and the zest of life, by uniting the young and the old in the imaginative consideration of learning. The university imparts information, but it imparts it imaginatively. At least, this is the function which it should perform for society. A university which fails in this respect has no reason for existence. This atmosphere of excitement, arising from imaginative consideration, transforms knowledge. A fact is no longer a bare fact: it is invested with all its possibilities. {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}It is no longer a burden on the memory: it is energizing as the poet of our dreams, and as the architect of our purposes.{{/U}} Imagination is not to be divorced from the facts: it is a way of illuminating the facts. It works by eliciting the general principles which apply to the facts, as they exist, and then by an intellectual survey of alternative possibilities which are consistent with those principles. {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}} {{U}}It enables men to construct an intellectual vision of a new world, and it preserves the zest of life by the suggestion of satisfying purposes.{{/U}} Youth is imaginative, and if the imagination be strengthened by discipline, this energy of imagination can in great measure lie preserved through life. {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}The tragedy of the world is that those who are imaginative have but slight experience, and those who are experienced have feeble imaginations.{{/U}} Fools act on imagination without knowledge; pedants act on knowledge without imagination. The task of a university is to weld together imagination and experience. {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}These reflections upon the general functions of a university can be at once translated in terms of the particular functions of a business school.{{/U}} We need not flinch from the assertion that the main function of such a school is to produce men with a greater zest for business.

问答题With the development of the market economy, advertisements have become a dominant feature on television. Despite the rich information brought by TV, there still exists strong criticism against TV advertisement. What is your opinion? Write an article analyzing the effects of TV advertisement. You should write 160～200 words and you should base your composition on the following outlines. 1. What is your opinion about TV advertisement? 2. Support your point of view by analyzing the effects of TV. 3. Make a conclusion.

问答题Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.She, a graduate from the department of psychology in Harvard University, starred in the film the Professional (《这个杀手不太冷》). She also portrayed the combination of white swan and black swan. She is Natalie Portman, the newly best actress for the 2011 Academy Award. 17 years ago, she cast the role of Mathilde in the film the Professional. Since then, she was hailed as a child star with uncommonly skilled performance. {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}For most people, young Natalie easily achieved this role for her uniqueness; however, things didn't seem like that.{{/U}} {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}Though she was discovered at the age of 10 by a modeling scout, she expressed her interests in acting rather than modeling, and was sent to the acting agents where she got the chance to take a screening test in the Professional.{{/U}} She was not approved by the director until she begged him for a chance to play a new scene. Finally she got the chance to let the world remember her. Maybe all these experiences could only express a little part of her distinctions. In 1999 when she has already filmed in Star War, Heat, Beautiful Girls, etc., and costarred with many film stars such as A1 Pacino and Woody Allen, she entered Harvard at the age of 18 after graduation from high school to study psychology. {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}Besides, she even hid her name and refused all the commercial activities to ensure her study in Harvard. She once said, "I like being with the talents. My roommates all have extraordinary experiences in different fields."{{/U}} Knowing that Harvard would treat everyone equally, she focused more on study and achieved her BA degree in 2003. {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}Natalie Portman was Jewish and she began the dancing training when she was 4 years old and kept training since then, which gave her profound advantages in starring in the film Black Swan.{{/U}} She made her directorial debut with a segment in the film compilation New York, I Love You in 2009. {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}She is an advocate for animal rights and has been a vegetarian since childhood and she does not eat animal products or wear fur, feathers, or leather. Meanwhile Portman has also supported antipoverty activities.{{/U}} For this she is called Audrey Hepburn the second.

问答题Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.{{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians, modern practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past.{{/U}} Caught in the web of its own time and place, each generation of historians determines anew what is significant for it in the past. In this search the evidence found is always incomplete and scattered; it is also frequently partial or partisan. The irony of the historians craft is that its practitioners always know that their efforts are but contributions to an unending process. Interest in historical methods has arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves. While history once revered its affinity to literature and philosophy, the emerging social sciences seemed to afford greater opportunities for asking new questions and providing rewarding approaches to an understanding of the past. Social science methodologies had to be adapted to a discipline governed by the primacy of historical sources rather than the imperatives of the contemporary world. {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}During this transfer, traditional historical methods were augmented by additional methodologies designed to interpret the new forms of evidence in the historical study.{{/U}} Methodology is a term that remains inherently ambiguous in the historical profession. {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry.{{/U}} Historians, especially those so blinded by their research interests that they have been accused of "tunnel method", frequently fall victim to the "technicist fallacy". {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}Also common in the natural sciences, the technicist fallacy mistakenly identifies the discipline as a whole with certain parts of its technical implementation.{{/U}} {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}It applies equally to traditional historians who view history as only the external and internal criticism of sources. And to social science historians who equate their activity with specific techniques.{{/U}}

问答题57) Although Henry Ford's name is closely associated with the, concept of mass production, he should receive equal credit for introducing labor practices as early as 1913 that would be considered advanced even by today's standards. Safety measures were improved, and the work day was reduced to eight hours, Compared with the ten-or-twelve-hour day common at the time. 58) In order to accommodate the shorter work day, the entire factory was converted from two to three shifts. In addition, sick leaves as well as improved medical care for those injured on the job were instituted. 59) The Ford Motor Company was one of the first factories to develop a technical school to train specialized skilled laborers and an English language school for immigrants. Some efforts were even made to hire the handicapped and provide jobs for former convicts. 60) The most widely acclaimed innovation was the five-dollar-a-day minimum wage that was offered in order to recruit and retain the best mechanics and to discourage the growth of labor unions. Ford explained the new wage policy in terms of efficiency and profit sharing. He also mentioned the fact that his employees would be able to purchase the automobiles that they produced—in effect creating a market for the product. In order to qualify for the minimum wage, an employee had to establish a decent home and demonstrate good personal habits, including sobriety, thriftiness, industriousness, and dependability. 61) Although some criticism was directed at Ford for involving himself too much in the personal lives of his employees, there can be no doubt that, at a time when immigrants were being taken advantage of in frightful ways, Henry Ford was helping many people to establish themselves in America.

问答题Interlocutor:I'mgoingtogiveeachofyouapictureandI'dlikeyoutofirstdescribeitbrieflyandthengiveyourcommentonwhatyouseeinthepicture.(PutPicture1forCandidatesinfrontofbothcandidates.)CandidateA,thisisyourpicture.Youhavethreeminutestotalkaboutit.CandidateB,listencarefullywhileCandidateAisspecking.Whenhe/shehasfinished,I'dlikeyoutoaskhim/heraquestionaboutwhathe/shehassaid.CandidateA,wouldyouliketobeginnow,please?Interlocutor:(TakebackPicture1andputPicture2forCandidatesinfrontofbothcandidates.)OK,CandidateB,hereisyourpicture.Youalsohavethreeminutestotalkaboutit.CandidateA,listencarefullywhileCandidateBisspeaking.Whenhe/shehasfinished,I'dlikeyoutoaskhim/heraquestionaboutwhathe/shehassaid.CandidateB,wouldyouliketobeginnow,please?

问答题The greatest impact on the family over the last 50 years has been the changing role of the wife. These changes have affected not only her life but also that of her husband and children 61)The family has changed from an economically, defined unit under the authority of the father and having minimal interpersonal emotional ties to a unit with strong emotional ties directed primarily by the mother to her husband and children. One important result was greater emotional and general psychological seclusion of the woman which clearly implied that the female role was culturally a secondary one. In recant decades it has become clear that for a distinct minority of American women the traditional mother role in the seclusion of the home is no longer acceptable. For many the family is of diminishing importance. The development of education for women has been a crucial factor in this change. Today, over 80 percent of all women complete four years of high school as compared to only 35 percent in 1940. This is related to the fact that marriage now occurs a year later for the average woman. The proportion of women aged 20 to 24 who are single increased from 28 percent in 1960 to 40 percent by the mld-1970s. 62)Child bearing is being postponed, so that compared to the 1960s, 10 percent fewer women bear their first child in the two .years immediately following, marriage. Furthermore, more women today remain childless. Work, older age at marriage, and fewer children are the basic changes that have taken place-in women's roles in recent years. The trend among women is toward increased education, and this is linked to other role changes. 63)The higher a woman's educational attainment, the more likely she is to work, to staff in the labor force longer, and to have more job opportunities available to her. This further suggests that when women axe married their work has a great impact on their marriages. For example, since working wives contribute 25 to 40 percent of their total family income, their position as decision-makers in the family is usually strengthened. 64)Weitz points out that the social trends towards increased education for women mean not only mort work experience but also delayed marriage and decreased fertility. These changes, in turn, point the way toward even greater labor force participation throughout the life cycle. The number of women entering the work force is rapidly increasing. Women outnumber men in the total population by about 7 million. 65)When that is added to the fact that labor force participation of males is slowly declining because of the trend toward earlier retirement, "it may not be too long before one out of every two American workers is a woman. "

问答题 {{U}}61)Back in my early 20s. when "sensible" wasn't part of my weight-loss vocabulary., I tried a diet that was limited to just a few "healthy" foods{{/U}}. Three weeks into it, after religiously adhering to a regimen of salads and meats, I had nearly reached my goal of losing 8 pounds. 62) {{U}}But my progress wasn't as sweet as I exnected. Instead of celebrating my emerging figure. I was obsessed with what I couldn't eat{{/U}}. Warm, crusty bread. Noodles smothered in red sauce. Chocolates packed with almonds. One night I abandoned the diet and gorged on every food I'd been missing. Over the next two weeks, I ate more than ever. No surprise that I quickly regained 8 pounds, and put on 2 more. 63) {{U}}It sounds like the old diet-binge cycle that we've all heard about so often. But many weight-loss experts are starting to think about that cycle in a new. more positive way{{/U}}. The answer for long-term weight control, they say, may be just the opposite of restriction: it may simply be eating a greater variety of foods than ever. My brazen (and unfortunate) act of indulgence was the direct effect of a boring, restrictive diet, suggests Kathy Hubbert, coordinator of the EatRight Weight Management program at the University. of Alabama, Birmingham. "If you tell someone they cannot have, say, a piece of cheesecake, then that is the first thing they want to have," says Hubbert. "And then when they eat that piece of cheesecake, they say, 'Oh, now I've blown it, so I might as well blow it every day.'" At Tufts University in Boston, researchers studied 71 healthy men and women aged 20 to 80 years who provided detailed reports of everything they ate for six months. 64) {{U}}People who routinely ate a variety of nutrient-dense foods such as vegetables, fruits, and whole grains tended to be lean{{/U}}. The researchers found that when people eat a variety of desirable foods, especially vegetables, they eat fewer nutrient-poor, calorie-dense foods such as cookies, candy, and chips. Overall, they consume fewer calories without consciously restricting their intake. They are also much more likely to consume the full range of vitamins and minerals they need. 65) {{U}}Nutrition studies, including one conducted by scientists at the Department of Agriculture. which analyzed the dietary records of 3.701 people representing a cross section of the US population, regularly find that individuals who eat different foods from each of the major food groups have the healthiest diets.{{/U}}

问答题Interlocutor:NowI'dlikeyoutotalkaboutsomethingbetweenyourselvesbutspeakloudlysothatwecanhearyou.Youshouldtakecaretosharetheopportunityofspeaking.(PutthePictureforCandidatesinfrontofbothcandidatesandgiveinstructionswithreferencetothepicture.)Youareaskedtohaveadiscussiononhowtopreventyourselffromcatchingacold.Thispictureisforyourreference.Youhavethreeminutesforthis.Wouldyouliketobeginnow,please?

问答题Write an essay on fate. In your essay, make full use of the information provided below.　　(1) Is fate destined ?　　(2) Can we change our fate ?　　(3) What should we do about fate? You should write 160 - 200 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.