问答题Manners are very often referred to as "the lubricating oil of the society". Write an essay on the topic "The Importance of Good Manners". Your essay should include the following two main points: 1) The lack of good manners in the present society; 2) The importance of good manners. You should write 160-200 words.

问答题In his lectures at the Lyceum, a school that remained for centuries one of the great centers of learning in Greece, Aristotle defined the basic concepts and principles of many of the sciences. 61) In the first place. Aristotle criticized Plato's theory of Forms by arguing that forms could not exist by themselves but existed only in particular things, which are composed of both form and matter. He understood substances as matter organized by a particular form. Nature, for Aristotle, is an organic system of things whose forms make it possible to arrange them into classes comprising species and genera. Each species, he believed, has a form, purpose, and mode of development in terms of which it can be defined. 62) The aim of science is to define the essential forms, purposes, and modes of development of all species and to arrange them in their natural order in accordance with their complexities of form. The main levels are the inanimate, the vegetative, the animal, and the rational. 63) The soul is the form of the body, and humans, whose rational soul is a higher form than the souls of other species on earth, are the highest species of perishable things. The heavenly bodies, composed of an imperishable substance, or ether, and moved eternally in perfect circular motion by God, are still higher in the order of nature. Aristotle's political and ethical philosophy similarly developed out of a critical examination of Plato's principles. 64)The standards of personal and social behavior, according to Aristotle, must be found in the scientific study of the natural tendencies of individuals and societies rather than in abstract realm of pure forms. Less insistent therefore than Plato on a rigorous conformity to absolute principles, Aristotle regarded ethical rules as practical guides to a happy and well-rounded life. His emphasis on happiness, as the active fulfillment of natural capacities, expressed the attitude toward life held by cultivated Greeks of his time. In political theory, Aristotle agreed with Plato that a monarchy ruled by a wise king would be the ideal political structure, but he also recognized that societies differ in their needs and traditions and believed that a limited democracy is usually the best compromise. 65) In his theory of knowledge, Aristotle rejected the Platonic doctrine that knowledge is innate and insisted that it can be acquired only by generalization from experience. He interpreted art as a means of pleasure and intellectual enlightenment rather than an instrument of moral education.

问答题For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary? The first sentence has already been written for you. You should base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below. 1) 很多人认为有必要举行口语考试，理由是…… 2) 也有人持不同意见…… 3) 我的看法和打算； You should write 160-200 words on ANSWER SHEET 2

问答题Directions: Read the following text and write an essay to 1) summarize the main points of the text, 2) make clear your own viewpoint, and 3) justify your stand. In your essay, make full use of the information provided in the text. If you use more than three consecutive words from the text, use quotation marks (" "). You should write 160—200 words on the ANSWER SHEET. Sunlight is free. Turning it into electricity produces no greenhouse gases and the process is getting cheaper every year. These facts suggest solar power ought soon to be a big part of the world"s energy mix. However, it is unavailable at night and is most efficiently generated in deserts. Can these problems be overcome? Or is solar power forever destined to be financially aided greenwash that is applied superficially to fossil-fuel-based economies to make them seem more environmentally friendly than they really are? This motion depends on whether the world needs saving, and if so, from what? There are two conventional answers to the second question. One is, "from the effects of climate change brought about by man-made global warming". The other is, "from dependence on fossil fuels that are, by definition, a finite resource". Both of these answers are challengeable. Few informed people doubt that humanity"s outpourings of greenhouse gases, particularly carbon dioxide, are altering the climate. But there is doubt over both how big that effect will be and whether the response should be to try to stop the change or to adapt to it. The former would certainly require an approach to alternative energy, in which solar power would play an important—and probably eventually dominant—role. The latter would argue for business as usual, with access to the cheapest energy sources (ie, at the moment, fossil fuels) to help bring about the economic growth that will help pay for adaptation to an altered climate.

问答题{{I}}Thechartsbelowshowtheresultsofasurveyofadulteducation.Thefirstchartshowsthereasonswhyadultsdecidetostudy.Thepiechartshowshowpeoplethinkthecostsofadulteducationshouldbeshared.Youaretowriteareportof160--200wordsforauniversitylecturerdescribingtheinformationshownbelow.{{/I}}

问答题The greatest impact on the family over the last 50 years has been the changing role of the wife. These changes have affected not only her life but also that of her husband and children. 61)The family has changed from an economically defined unit under the authority of the father and having minimal interpersonal emotional ties to a unit with strong emotional ties directed primarily by the mother to her husband and children. One important result was greater emotional and general psychological seclusion of the woman which clearly implied that the female role was culturally a secondary one. In recent decades it has become clear that for a distinct minority of American women the traditional mother role in the seclusion of the home is no longer acceptable. For many the family is of diminishing importance. The development of education for women has been a crucial factor in this change. Today, over 80 percent of all women complete four years of high school as compared to only 35 percent in 1940. This is related to the fact that marriage now occurs a year later for the average woman. The proportion of women aged 20 to 24 who are single increased from 28 percent in 1960 to 40 percent by the mid-1970s. 62)Child bearing is being postponed, so that compared to the 1960s, 10 percent fewer women bear their first child in the two years immediately following marriage. Furthermore, more women today remain childless. Work, older age at marriage, and fewer children are the basic changes that have taken place in women's roles in recent years. The trend among women is toward increased education, and this is linked to other role changes. 63)The higher a woman's educational attainment, the more likely she is to work, to stay in the labor force longer, and to have more job opportunities available to her. This further suggests that when women are married their work has a great impact on their marriages. For example, since working wives contribute 25 to 40 percent of their total family income, their position as decision-makers in the family is usually strengthened. 64)Weitz points out that the social trends towards increased education for women mean not only more work experience but also delayed marriage and decreased fertility. These changes, in turn, point the way toward evn greater labor force participation throughout the life cycle. The number of women entering the work force is rapidly increasing. Women outnumber men in the total population by about 7 million. 65)When that is added to the fact that labor force participation of males is slowly declining because of the trend toward earlier retirement, "it may not be too long before one out of every two American workers is a woman. "

问答题Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Education of exceptional children means provision of special educational services to those children who are either handicapped or gifted. {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}Exceptional children differ from average children in mental characteristics, sensory abilities, physical characteristics, emotional behavior, or communication abilities to the extent that they require special educational services to develop to their potential{{/U}}. The Department of Education estimates that 10 to 20 percent of the children in the United States suffer from handicaps while another 2 to 3 percent are considered gifted. Special education provides these children with individualized learning experiences suitable to their unique abilities. Caring for people who have disabilities is relatively a new idea. In ancient times, disabled people were left to die. During the Middle Ages they were treated more humanely, but still it was not thought that they could learn. {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}In the 19th century, residential treatment centers were established, first in Europe and then in the U.S. by individual states, to care for people who were blind, deaf, severely retarded, or suffered from severe emotional disorders.{{/U}} By the 20th century, special classes and public day schools were begun, but these facilities provided service for very few children. {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}After World War II the attitude of Americans concerning the education of per sons who were disabled changed significantly.{{/U}} Responsibility for special education was assumed by state legislatures and the federal government. Parent groups formed to lobby for the rights of children with disabilities, joined with professional educational programs. {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}In 1925 the U.S. congress passed the Education for All Handicapped Children Act which guarantees a free and appropriate education to all children in the U.S. between the ages of 3 and 21.{{/U}} The law provides funds for special education programs to states and local districts that comply with a set of guidelines. These include provision of special education services in the last restrictive environment, an individualized educational plan for each child, a comprehensive diagnosis of each child's disabilities by qualified professionals, an annual review of each child's progress, and the involvement of parents in educational decisions. {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}Amendments to the law require that the local school districts actively search for and offer services to disabled children between ages three and five.{{/U}} Although the education of students with special gifts and talents is still largely ignored, more programs ale now available to meet their needs. Some 23 states mandate special services for these students. Talents may be in academic, artistic, creative, or leadership abilities.

问答题Writeanessayof160～200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshouldfirstdescribethedrawing,theninterpretitsmeaning,andgiveyourcommentonit.YoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.

问答题You are allowed 35 minutes to write a composition based on the outline below. The suggested title is: Pleasures of the Country. You should base your composition on the following outline: (1) In spring the grass, the flowers and the trees begin to look bright. (2) In summer the country is still mom attractive. (3) In autumn... (4) in winter... You should write 160—200 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.

问答题Your firm is planning to export carpets to Great Britain. At a recent conference you met William Linton, who is a market analyst working for a British company, British Agents Consultants. Write a letter to Mr. Linton in 160—200 words, explaining what your firm is planning to do and giving details of what you would like his company to do for you. You should write 160—200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.

问答题1.One experience of my traveling. 2. I think traveling is very beneficial because... 3. My advice is...

问答题 The Spring Festival is a traditional festival in China, and Chinese have been accustomed to celebrating it at home. But now more and more people choose to travel during this most important festival. Here is a discussion on this topic: 1) Some people think it is more interesting to travel during the Spring Festival. 2) Other people think it is better to stay at home with their families during the Spring Festival. 3) My opinion on this topic. In your essay, you should use the three pieces of information mentioned above.You should write 160～200 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.

问答题Natural resources are limited on earth. Recycling the waste is one of the solution to this problem. Write an essay including the following points:1) The background of recycling the waste.2) The significance and the necessity of recycling the waste.3) Your comments.You should write 160-200 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.

问答题1.There are effects brought by TV or movies we cannot ignore. 2. What are the effects? 3. Society must pay attention to the effects.