If you look closely at some of the early copies of the Declaration of Independence, beyond the flourished signature of John Hancock and the other 55 men who signed it, you will also find the name of one woman, Mary Katherine Goddard. It was she, a Baltimore printer, who published the first official copies of the Declaration, the first copies that included the names of its signers and therefore heralded the support of all thirteen colonies. Mary Goddard first got into printing at the age of twenty-four when her brother opened a printing shop in Providence, Rhode Island, in 1762. When he proceeded to get into trouble with his partners and creditors, it was Mary Goddard and her mother who were left to run the shop. In 1765 they began publishing the Providence Gazette, a weekly newspaper. Similar problems seemed to follow her brother as he opened businesses in Philadelphia and again in Baltimore. Each time Ms. Goddard was brought in to run the newspapers. After starting Baltimore's first newspaper, The Maryland Journal, in 1773, her brother went broke trying to organize a colonial postal service. While he was in debtor's prison, Mary Katherine Goddard's name appeared On the newspaper's masthead for the first time. When the Continental Congress fled there from Philadelphia in 1776, it commissioned Ms. Goddard to print the first official version of the Declaration of Independence in January 1777: After printing the documents, she herself paid the post riders to deliver the Declaration throughout the colonies. During the American Revolution, Mary Goddard continued to publish Baltimore's only newspaper, which one historian claimed was "second to none among the colonies". She was also the city's postmaster from 1775 to 1789—appointed by Benjamin Frankli—and is considered to be the first woman to hold a federal position.
It was a cold, rainy and wholly miserable afternoon in Washington, and a hot muggy night in Miami. It was Sunday, and three games were played in the two cities. The people playing them and the people watching them tell us much about the ever-changing ethnic structure of the United States, Professional football in the United States is almost wholly played by native-born American citizens, mostly very large and very strong, many of them black. It is a game of physical strength. Linemen routinely weigh more than 300 pounds. Players are valued for their weigh and muscles, for how fast they can run, and how hard they can hit each other, Football draws the biggest crowds, but the teams play only once a week, because they get so battered. The 67,204 fans were in Miami for the final game of the Baseball World Series. Baseball was once America's favorite game, but has lost that claim to basketball. Baseball is a game that requires strength, but not hugeness. Agility, quickness, perfect vision and quick reaction are more important than pure strength. Baseball was once a purely American game, but has spread around much of the New World. In that Sunday's final, the final hit of the extra inning game was delivered by a native of Columbia. The Most Valuable Player in the game was a native of Columbia. The rosters of both teams were awash with Hispanic names, as is Miami, which now claims the World Championship is a game that may be losing popularity in America, but has gained it in much of the rest of the world. Baseball in America has taken on a strong Hispanic flavor, with a dash of Japanese added for seasoning. Soccer, which many countries just call football, is the most widely enjoyed sport in the world. In soccer, which many countries just call football, the ethnic tide has been the reverse of baseball. Until recently, professional soccer in the United States has largely been an import, played by South Americans and Europeans. Now, American citizens in large numbers are finally taking up the most popular game in the world. Basketball, an American invention increasingly played around the world, these days draws large crowds back home. Likewise, hockey, a game largely imported to the United States from neighboring Canada. Lacrosse, a version of which was played by Native Americans before the Europeans arrived, is also gaining a keen national following. Sports of all kinds are winning support from American armchair enthusiasts from a variety of ethnic backgrounds.
A land free from destruction, wealth, natural
resources, and labor supply--all these were important{{U}} (21) {{/U}}in
helping England to become the center for the Industrial Revolution.{{U}}
(22) {{/U}}they were not enough. Something{{U}} (23)
{{/U}}was needed to start the industrial process. That "something special",
was men{{U}} (24) {{/U}}individuals who could invent machines, find
new{{U}} (25) {{/U}}of power, and establish business organizations to
reshape the society. The men who{{U}} (26) {{/U}}the
machines of the Industrial Revolution{{U}} (27) {{/U}}from many
backgrounds and many occupations. Many of them were{{U}} (28)
{{/U}}inventors than scientists, A man who is a{{U}} (29)
{{/U}}scientist is primarily interested in doing his research{{U}} (30)
{{/U}}. He is not necessarily working{{U}} (31) {{/U}}that his
findings can be used. An inventor or one interested in applied
science is{{U}} (32) {{/U}}trying to make something that has a
concrete{{U}} (33) {{/U}}He tries to solve a problem by following
the theories{{U}} (34) {{/U}}science or by experimenting through trial
and error. Regardless of his method, he is working to obtain a{{U}} (35)
{{/U}}result: the construction of a harvesting machine, the burning of a
light bulb, or one of{{U}} (36) {{/U}}other objectives.
Most of the people who{{U}} (37)
{{/U}}the machines of the Industrial Revolution were inventors. A few were
both scientists and inventors. Even those who had{{U}} (38) {{/U}}or no
training in science might have made their inventions,{{U}} (39) {{/U}}a
groundwork had been laid by scientists years{{U}} (40)
{{/U}}.
Since the September 11 attack, US President George
W. Bush has{{U}} (21) {{/U}}himself as a superpower leader of hard
resolve, tolerating no{{U}} (22) {{/U}}to his goals-until he came up
against Israel. {{U}} (23) {{/U}}the past week he has faced a
dramatic{{U}} (24) {{/U}}to his international authority from the Jewish state.
Israel is the chief US ally in the Middle East and{{U}} (25) {{/U}}of the largest
chunk of US foreign aid. Stung by{{U}} (26)
{{/U}}Israeli defiance, Bush on Monday urged Israeli Prime Minister Ariel
Sharon publicly,{{U}} (27) {{/U}}the third time, to withdraw his forces
"without delay"{{U}} (28) {{/U}}Palestinian areas. A bloody offensive
has been{{U}} (29) {{/U}}there for 11 days. He sent envoy Anthony Zinni
to deliver the message personally as Secretary of State Colin Powell{{U}}
(30) {{/U}}a new US initiative to 0chieve an Israeli-Palestinian
cease-fire. Israel Radio reported later on Monday that the army began pulling
out of two West Bank cities within hours.{{U}} (31) {{/U}}there was no{{U}} (32)
{{/U}}that a full withdrawal might follow. Some analysts{{U}}
(33) {{/U}}the standoff as an unprecedented and{{U}} (34)
{{/U}}damaging{{U}} (35) {{/U}}between the United States and Israel,
which annually receives US $3 billion in US aid. The US administration has sent
enough{{U}} (36) {{/U}}messages to suggest Bush may not be{{U}} (37)
{{/U}}rigid as his words appear. Until recently, Bush,
conducting his war on terrorism around the world, had given. Sharon a{{U}}
(38) {{/U}}free hand to go after Palestinian militants following a
wave of suicide bombings that killed scores of Israelis. Powell's peace mission
began in Morocco and will land him in Israel on Friday. Analysts say this will
give Sharon time to finish his crackdown. Analysts said Bush
could be sincere in wanting Israel to withdraw but was trying to have it both
ways—continuing to give Israel some flexibility while{{U}} (39) {{/U}}US
credibility with Arabs by talking tough to Sharon. Powell's mission got off to a
frosty start on Monday,{{U}} (40) {{/U}}, when Morocco's King Mohammed asked
him why be had not headed first to Jerusalem.
填空题
填空题ThedivorcerateinAmericahasreached
填空题"Intelligence" at best is an assumptive construct—the meaning of the word has never been clear. (21) There is more agreement on the kinds of behavior referred to by the term than there is on how to interpret or classify them. But it is generally agreed that a person of high intelligence is one who can grasp ideas readily, make distinctions, reason logically, and make use of verbal and mathematical symbols in solving problems. An intelligence test is a rough measure of a child's capacity for learning, particularly for learning the kinds of things required in school. It does not measure character, social adjustment, physical endurance, manual skills, or artistic abilities. It is not supposed to—it was not designed for such purposes. (22) To criticize it for such failure is roughly comparable to criticizing a thermometer, for not measuring wind velocity. The other thing we have to notice is that the assessment of the intelligence of any subject is essentially a comparative affair. (23) Now since the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter we must be sure that the scale with which we are comparing our subjects provides an "effective" or "fair" comparison. It is here that some of the difficulties which interest us begin. Any test performed involves at least three actors: the intention to do one's best, the knowledge required for understanding what you have to do, and the intellectual ability to do it. (24) The first two must be equal for all who are being compared, if any comparison in terms of intelligence is to be made. In school populations in our culture these assumptions can be made fair and reasonable, and the values of intelligence testing has been proved thoroughly. Its value lies, of course, in its providing a satisfactory basis for prediction. No one is in the least interested in the marks on the test that the child will do better or worse than other children of his age at tasks which we think require "general intelligence". (25) On the whole such a conclusion can be drawn with a certain degree of confidence, but only if the child can be assumed to have had the same attitude towards the test as the other with whom he is being compared, and only if he was not punished by lack of relevant information which they possessed.
填空题Sarah'sfatherwasan______.
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填空题{{B}}Part A{{/B}}{{I}} For questions 1-5, you will hear a talk
about the country of Switzerland. While you listen, fill out the table with the
information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the
table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording
twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below.{{/I}}
Information about Switzerland
Total Area
1
Population in 1995
6,905,000
The Country to Its West
2
Capital
Berne
The Fur Official Languages
3
4
5
Romansch
填空题[此试题无题干]
填空题Whattypeofcarwouldthecustomerliketochoose?
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填空题For Questions 1—5, you will hear a radio weather report. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below.
Michigan Weather Report
Chicago is reporting light
1
The temperature at Ann Arbor Airport is
2
Tomorrow morning the sun will rise at
3
The pollution index today is
4
The weekend is likely to be
5
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填空题I ______ (intend) to come over to see you last night, but someone called and I couldn't get away.
填空题Thetelegraphwasinvented
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填空题It ______ (rain) and the streets were still wet.