单选题Circle the appropriate letters A-C.

单选题BIRD MIGRATIONA Birds have many unique design features that enable them to perform such amazing feats of endurance. They are equipped with lightweight, hollow bones, intricately designed feathers providing both lift and thrust for rapid flight, navigation systems superior to any that man has developed, and an ingenious heat conserving design that, among other things, concentrates all blood circulation beneath layers of warm, waterproof plumage, leaving them fit to face life in the harshest of climates. Their respiratory systems have to perform efficiently during sustained flights at altitude, so they have a system of extracting oxygen from their lungs that far exceeds that of any other animal. During the later stages of the summer breeding season, when food is plentiful, their bodies are able to accumulate considerable layers of fat, in order to provide sufficient energy for their long migratory flights.B The fundamental reason that birds migrate is to find adequate food during the winter months when it is in short supply. This particularly applies to birds that breed in the temperate and Arctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere, where food is abundant during the short growing season. Many species can tolerate cold temperatures if food is plentiful, but when food is not available they must migrate. However, intriguing questions remain.C One puzzling fact is that many birds journey much further than would be necessary just to find food and good weather. Nobody knows, for instance, why British swallows, which could presumably survive equally well if they spent the winter in equatorial Africa, instead fly several thousands of miles further to their preferred winter home in South Africa's Cape Province. Another mystery involves the huge migrations performed by arctic terns and mudflat-feeding shorebirds that breed close to Polar Regions. In general, the further north a migrant species breeds, the further south it spends the winter. For arctic terns this necessitates an annual round trip of 25,000 miles. Yet, en route to their final destination in far-flung southern latitudes, all these individuals overfly other areas of seemingly suitable habitat spanning two hemispheres. While we may not fully understand birds' reasons for going to particular places, we can marvel at their feats.D One of the greatest mysteries is how young birds know how to find the traditional wintering areas without parental guidance. Very few adults migrate with juveniles in tow, and youngsters may even have little or no inkling of their parents' appearance. A familiar example is that of the cuckoo, which lays its eggs in another species' nest and never encounters its young again. It is mind boggling to consider that, once raised by its host species, the young cuckoo makes it own way to ancestral wintering grounds in the tropics before returning single-handedly to northern Europe the next season to seek out a mate among its own kind. The obvious implication is that it inherits from its parents an inbuilt route map and direction-finding capability, as well as a mental image of what another cuckoo looks like. Yet nobody has the slightest idea as to how this is possible.E Mounting evidence has confirmed that birds use the positions of the sun and stars to obtain compass directions. They seem also to be able to detect the earth's magnetic field, probably due to having minute crystals of magnetite in the region of their brains. However, true navigation also requires an awareness of position and time, especially when lost. Experiments have shown that after being taken thousands of miles over an unfamiliar landmass, birds are still capable of returning rapidly to nest sites. Such phenomenal powers are the product of computing a number of sophisticated cues, including an inborn map of the night sky and the pull of the earth's magnetic field. How the birds use their 'instruments' remains unknown, but one thing is clear: they see the world with a superior sensory perception to ours. Most small birds migrate at night and take their direction from the position of the setting sun. However, as well as seeing the sun go down, they also seem to see the plane of polarized light caused by it, which calibrates their compass. Traveling at night provides other benefits. Daytime predators are avoided and the danger of dehydration due to flying for long periods in warm, sunlit skies is reduced. Furthermore, at night the air is generally cool and less turbulent and so conducive to sustained, stable flight.F Nevertheless, all journeys involve considerable risk, and part of the skill in arriving safely is setting off at the right time. This means accurate weather forecasting, and utilizing favorable winds. Birds are adept at both, and, in laboratory tests, some have been shown to detect the minute difference in barometric pressure between the floor and ceiling of a room. Often birds react to weather changes before there is any visible sign of them. Lapwings, which feed on grassland, flee west from the Netherlands to the British Isles, France and Spain at the onset of a cold snap. When the ground surface freezes the birds could starve. Yet they return to Holland ahead of a thaw, their arrival linked to a pressure change presaging an improvement in the weather.G In one instance a Welsh Manx shearwater carried to America and released was back in its burrow on Skokholm Island, off the Pembrokeshire coast, one day before a letter announcing its release! Conversely, each autumn a small number of North American birds are blown across the Atlantic by fast-moving westerly tail winds. Not only do they arrive safely in Europe, but, based on ringing evidence, some make it back to North America the following spring, after probably spending the winter with European migrants in sunny African climes. You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26 which are based on Reading Passage 2 below.Questions 14-20Reading passage 2 has seven paragraphs, A-G.Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below.Write the correct number, i-x, in boxes 14-20 on your answer sheet.List of headingsi The best moment to migrateii The unexplained rejection of closer feeding groundiii The influence of weather on the migration routeiv Physical characteristics that allow birds to migratev The main reason why birds migratevi The best wintering grounds for birdsvii Research findings on how birds migrateviii Successful migration despite trouble of windix Contrast between long-distance migration and short-distance migrationx Mysterious migration despite lack of teaching

单选题This statement is about the __________ of the dinosaur museum.

单选题Questions 1-4 Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.

单选题Whichisthecorrectconstructionforacousticdoubleglazing?

单选题The church is the oldest building of the town.________

单选题Questions 21-23 Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.

单选题Questions 31-40 Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.

单选题 An Infant's Preference for Faces A The human face is one of the most complex visual stimuli encountered by the infant: it moves, it is three-dimensional, it has areas of both high and low contrast; and it contains features that change (when talking, when changing expression, when looking at or away from the baby), but which are in an invariant relationship (the eyes are always above the mouth, etc). While the image is degraded and unfocused to the newborn, enough information is potentially available for the infant to learn to recognize its mother's face, and for other aspects of face perception. Several investigators have found that infants recognize, and prefer, their mother's face soon after birth. There is considerable evidence suggesting that faces are special, right from birth. Here we will describe some of the research that has investigated other aspects of face perception at, or near birth, and discuss how face perception might develop during infancy. B Several researchers have found that infants prefer to look at attractive faces, when these are shown paired with faces judged by adults to be less attractive (Hoss and Langlois, 2003). The "attractiveness effect" has also been found in studies with infants who averaged less than 3 days from birth at the time of testing (e.g. Slater et al, 1998). The typical interpretation of the "attractiveness effect" is that it results from a facial prototype: if many faces of the same gender are computer-averaged, the resulting "average" face is always perceived as being attractive. According to this interpretation, attractive faces are seen as more "face-like" because they match more closely either the facial prototype which infants form from experience, or one they enter the world with. C Some of the clearest evidence that faces are special for infants is the finding that, only minutes after birth, they imitate a range of expressions that they see an adult produce (e.g. Reissland, 1988). Apparently, this was first discovered by a student of the eminent psychologist Piaget, Olga Maratos, who reported to him that if she stuck out her tongue to a young baby, the baby would respond by sticking out its tongue to her (according to Piaget's theory, this ability should not appear until the second year). Apparently, when Piaget was informed of these findings, he sucked contemplatively on his pipe for a few moments, and then commented "How rude!" D Facial imitation can be taken to indicate that babies can match what they see to some inbuilt knowledge of their own face, and can then use this match to produce the same facial expression (which might be tongue protrusion, mouth opening, furrowing of the brow, or other expression). The infants, of course, cannot see themselves as they produce it. This seems to be an inborn ability, and raises the question of why infants imitate. One idea is that babies imitate as a form of social interaction, and as a way of learning about people's identity (Meltzoff and Moore, 2000). These findings support the view that infants enter the world with a detailed representation of the human face. E At first glance the development of the ability to recognize faces appears to follow a typical trajectory: rapid change during infancy, followed by more gradual improvement into adolescence. This pattern contrasts with some aspects of language development. For example, speech perception is characterized by a loss of ability with age, such that 4-to 6-month olds can discriminate phonetic differences that distinguish syllables in both their native and unfamiliar languages, whereas 10-to 12-month olds can only discriminate the phonetic variations used in their native language. However, Nelson (2001) proposed that the ability to perceive faces also narrows with development, due in large measure to the cortical specialization that occurs with experience. This hypothesis is indirectly supported by several lines of research. For example, human adults are far more accurate in recognizing individual human than monkey faces; the opposite is true for monkeys. F A recent study by Pascalis et al (2002) into ability to discriminate between human and monkey faces found that 9-month-old infants and adults only discriminated between faces of their own species, while the 6-month olds showed discrimination between individuals of both species. Their results support the hypothesis that the perceptual window narrows with age, and that during the first year of life the face processing system becomes attuned to a human template. G Infants are also able to discriminate on the basis of gender. Quinn et al (2002) presented 3-to 4-month-old infants with a number of colour photographs of different faces, all of which were from the same gender category, either male or female. Subsequently infants were presented with two novel stimuli, a new face from the familiar category, and a face from the other, unfamiliar gender. The fact that the infants looked longer at the new face from the unfamiliar gender is taken as evidence that the infants have successfully categorized the new face from the familiar gender, and recognized that the new face from the unfamiliar gender does not belong to this category. H Quinn also found that infants who had been familiarized to male faces subsequently showed a strong preference for looking at a female face when this was shown side-by-side with a novel male face, but those familiarized to female faces did not show a preference for a male face. In their second experiment it turned out that this was because all the infants had a strong tendency to look at female faces in preference to male ones! However, a majority of infants, at least in Western societies, are reared with a female primary caregiver for at least the first few months. When Quinn et al tested infants who were reared with a male primary carer they found the opposite result—these infants responded better to male faces. Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.

单选题Which of the following statements is wrong?

单选题Questions 37-40 Complete the summary using the list of words, A-G, below. A species, B average, C female caregivers, D gender, E human template, F monkey, G sounds Several studies have examined the ways in which infants perceive faces. Some researchers found that the facial type which infants are most attracted to is that which most closely resembles the {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}face type. Others found that infants are able to copy adult expressions from birth. Both these findings could mean that infants have an innate knowledge of the human face. On the other hand, as well as being able to classify faces according to {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}} it appears that young infants can tell the difference between faces of other {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}} even though older infants cannot. This loss of perception with age could mean that infants' brains gradually adapt to the {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}

单选题India's brain drain is not a big problem because A. it represents a small percentage of India's highly educated population. B. Indian people are spread all over the world. C. India's government restricts emigration carefully.

单选题Kerbside recycling programmes in America A. always generate less revenue than they spend. B. usually generate less revenue than they spend. C. usually generate more revenue than they spend.

单选题Questions 26-30 Complete the table below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer./r/n /r/n /r/n AUTHOR/r/n TITLE/r/n PUBLISHER/r/n /r/n Drake Wister/r/n (26) /r/n Cambridge UniversityPress/r/n /r/n /r/n /r/n (27) /r/n The Strategy ofMarketing/r/n London Press/r/n /r/n /r/n /r/n Hilary Justice/r/n The EconomicsTendency/r/n (28) /r/n /r/n /r/n /r/n (29) /r/n (30) /r/n Cambridge UniversityPress/r/n /r/n

单选题Deborah Forster says that CC4G has A. strengthened the connection between ICT and other subjects. B. helped girls get better grades at school. C. helped girls become as good as boys at using computers.

单选题Questions 22-26 Classify the. following groups of people according to whether they believe A．Supplementation may have a positive effect. B．Supplementation may have a negative effect. C．Supplementation has no effect. Write the correct letter A, B or C, in boxes 22-26 on your answer sheet.

单选题According to the conversation, you can see the following things in the park except __________ .

单选题The man can’t remember the route now.________

单选题The man thinks it’s very important to________regularly.

单选题How much is the total cost for one child in this party center including the deposit?