填空题{{B}}TASK TWO--THE PREPARATION TO MAKE{{/B}}·For questions 18-22, match the extracts with preparations, listed A-H.·For each extract, choose the preparation each speaker has to make.·Write one letter (A-H) next to the number of the extract.A recruits more working staffB makes some investigationsC finds more housekeepersD searches for a public relations staffE negotiates with the bankF gets more fundG purchases more equipmentH looks for a business location

填空题{{B}}PART OEN{{/B}}·You will hear a job advisor talking about the job of a cashier.·As you listen, for questions 1-12, complete the notes using up to three words or a number.·You will bear the recording twice. {{B}}Cashiers{{/B}}{{I}}Nature of the work{{/I}}1 Register the sale of .....................................................................2 Ensure the right amount of money and ......................................... of charge.3 Understand the ............................................................. for payment.{{I}}Working conditions{{/I}}4 Usually work on ..........................................................................5 Need to get supervisor's ...............................before leaving their workstations.{{I}}Employment{{/I}}6 ........................................................... of jobs in food and beverage.7 Many work in .................................. .gambling, and recreation industries, etc.{{I}}Training, qualifications and promotions{{/I}}8 Small businesses: trained by .............................................................9 Large businesses: trained ................................................................10 Qualifications: ................................................... in repetitious work.11 ............................................................. and good manual dexterity.12 Promotions: various .....................................................................

填空题 ·Read the text below about playing games at work． ·For each question(31-40)write one word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet． {{B}} Playing Games at Work {{/B}} Many companies nowadays are finding that playing games can be beneficial to their executives．Although{{U}} (31) {{/U}}．are certainly plenty of opportunities to play management games，it should not be thought that this is because business people are light-hearted．They are often quite{{U}} (32) {{/U}}opposite，in fact．With all the pressures of modern business life，many people do not have the opportunity to relax．Games can allow individual self-expression and give business people the time{{U}} (33) {{/U}}explore practical issues． Many team-based games take place outside．Here the facilitators try to bring out issues of team communication，strategy and working style．Board games are also popular．In most of{{U}} (34) {{/U}} teams are required to manage an organisation or practice skills which they will need in their day-to-day working life． At a different level，there are inter-company games in{{U}} (35) {{/U}}teams from a range of organisations and industries come together in friendly competition．The teams never actuallv meet，but they are kept in touch with．{{U}} (36) {{/U}}well they are doing by the same organizers．Part of the attraction of this type of game is that{{U}} (37) {{/U}}provides companies with the opportunity to let them learn build business awareness in a fairly realistic environment． {{U}} (38) {{/U}}．the object of the exercise is，as always，to maximize profits，the real benefit comes from the interaction within the team．There might even be some useful business lessons{{U}} (39) {{/U}}well．Perhaps the most significant aspect{{U}} (40) {{/U}}all，though．is that business games give workers permission simply to play．

填空题· Read this text taken from a business magazine.· Choose the best sentence from below to fill in each of the gaps.· For each gap 9-14, mark one letter A-H.· Do not use any letter more than once. Diance Dunlap was annoyed when a local laundry charged more to wash and iron her white blouses than to clean her husband's white shirts. Actually, she was more than just annoyed. {{U}}(9) {{/U}}. Twenty-one of them quoted higher prices for blouses. Then she did an experiment. She cut the label out of a blouse, sewed in the label for a man's Shirt, and took the blouse to the cleaner along with three of her husband's shirts. The cleaner charged her $1.25. {{U}}(10) {{/U}}. The cleaner charged her $2.25. Dunlap feels that the cleaner's pricing is unethical—that they are discriminating against women and charging arbitrarily higher prices. {{U}} (11) {{/U}}. The president of the Association of Launderers and Cleaners in Dunlap's state has a different view. "The automated equipment we use fits a certain range of standardized shirts," he said. "A lot of women's blouses have different kinds of trim, different kinds of buttons, and lots of braid work, and it all has to be hand-finished. If it involves hand-finishing, we charge more." In other words, some cleaners charge more for doing women's blouses because the average cost is higher than the average cost for men's shirts. {{U}} (12) {{/U}}. A consumer-protection specialist in the Attorney General's office in Dunlap's state said that there were no federal or stare laws to regulate what the cleaners could charge. {{U}}(13) {{/U}}. Many firms face the same problem of how to set prices when the costs are different to serve different customers. For example, poor, inner-city consumers often pay higher prices for food. {{U}}(14) {{/U}}. Some firms don't like to charge different consumers different prices, but they also don't want to charge everyone a higher average price—to cover the expense of serving high-cost customers.A. Later she did the same thing, but with a blouse that had the original label.B. Of course, the cost of cleaning and ironing any specific shirt may not be higher or lower than the average.C. But inner-city retailers also face higher average costs for facilities, shop lifting, and insurance.D. She telephoned 61 cleaners and asked each one's price to launder a nonfrills, white cotton blouse the same style and size as a man's shirt.E. Inner-city consumers enjoy better quality goods.F. Dunlap won't take any actual measures to urge the government to pass such a law.G. She said that customers who don't like a particular cleaner's rates are free to visit a competitor who may charge less.H. She wants her local city government to pass an ordinance that prohibits laundry and drycleaning businesses from discriminatory pricing based on gender.

填空题 Barriers to International Business Firms desiring to enter international business face several obstacles, some much more severe than others. The most common barriers to international business are: cultural, social, and political barriers, and tariffs and trade restrictions. A nation's culture and social forces can restrict international business activities. Culture consists of a country's general ideas and values and tangible items such as food, clothing, and buildings. Social forces include family, education, religion, and customs. {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}} Some countries also have different values about spending than do Americans. The Japanese have long been a nation that believes in paying cash for the products they buy, although the use of credit cards has soared in Japan over the last few years. The Japanese still save nearly 20 percent of individual income, compared to about 4 percent saved by people in the United States. {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}In some countries, purchasing items as basic as food and clothing can be influenced by religion. And some societies simply do not value material possessions to the same degree that Americans do. Most firms know the importance of understanding the cultural and social differences between selling and buying countries. {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}For instance, a business deal in Japan can fall through if a foreign businessman refuses a cup of green tea during a visit to a native Japanese firm. The political climate of a country can have a major impact on international business. Nations experiencing intense political unrest may change their attitude toward foreign firms at any time; this instability creates an unfavourable atmosphere for international trade. Tariffs and trade restrictions are also barriers to international business. A nation can restrict trade through import tariffs, quotas and embargoes, and exchange controls. Import tariffs: a duty, or tax, levied against goods brought into a country is an import tariff. {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}The risk in importing tariff is that the other country could take the same action. Quotas and embargoes: a quota is a limit on the amount of a product that can leave or enter a country. Some quotas are established on a voluntary basis. {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}For instance, Japanese automobile manufacturers have voluntarily reduced the number of cars shipped from the United States to five automakers here the time they need to modernise their factories. An embargo is a total ban on certain imports and exports. Many embargoes are politically caused. Exchange controls: restrictions on the amount of a certain currency that can be bought or sold are called exchange controls. {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}} A Tariff can be used to discourage foreign competitors from entering a domestic market. B A government can use exchange controls to limit the amount of products that importers can purchase with a particular currency. C The voluntary quota reduced the quantity of products for exportation. D Selling products from one country to another is sometimes difficult when the cultures of the two countries differ significantly. E Generally, a voluntary quota fosters goodwill and protects a country from foreign competition. F However, managers still make costly mistakes when conducting business internationally simply because they do not understand such differences. G The most common barriers to international business are: cultural, social, and political barriers, and tariffs and trade restrictions. H Social forces which are universal in people's daily life can create obstacles to international trade.

填空题Put the correct preposition in each gap to complete the presentation. In some cases more than one answer may be possible. The graph shows the levels of the country's imports and exports over / during the period 1990 to 2000. If we look {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}imports first, we can see that they increased quite dramatically over the period {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}question {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}$24 billion to $53 billion. {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}contrast, exports fell, though not {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}the same extent. From a level of $60 billion in 1990, exports fell to $31 billion in 2000, a fall {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}50%. This was not at all in line {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}the forecasts for the economy: the trade surplus of the early 90's had been converted {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}a trade deficit {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}the end of the decade. {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}the same time the country had failed to grow their export market.

填空题{{B}}PART SIX{{/B}}{{B}} · In most lines of the following text, there is one unnecessary word. It is either grammatically incorrect or does not fit in with the sense of the text. · For each numbered line 41--52, find the unnecessary word. Some lines are correct. If a line is correct, write CORRECT.{{/B}} "10 Tips for Online Investors" reads:When You Invest Online, Be Sure To:1. Receive full disclosure, which prior to opening your account, about (41) ______the alternatives for buying and selling securities and how to obtainaccount information if you cannot access in the firm's Web site. (42) ______2. Understand that most likely when you are not linked directly to the (43) ______market, and that the click of your mouse does not instantly execute the trade.3. Receive information from the firm to substantiate any advertisedclaims of concerning the ease and speed of online trading. (44) ______4. Receive information from the firm about significant Web siteoutages, delays and other interruptions to securities by trading and (45) ______account access.5. Obtain information before trading about entering and cancelingorders (market, limit and stop loss), and the details and risks ofmargin accounts (borrowing to buy stocks).6. Determine whether you are receiving delayed or at real-time stock (46) ______quotes and when your account information was last updated.7. Review the firms privacy and Web site of security policies and (47) ______whether your name may be used for mailing lists or other (48) ______promotional activities by the firm or any other party.8. Receive clear information about sales commissions and feesconditions that apply to any advertised discount on commissions. (49) ______9. Know how to, and if necessary, contact a customerservice representative with your concerns and requestprompt attention and with fair consideration. (50) ______10, Contact your state or provincial securities and agency to (51) ______(1) verify the registration/licensing for status and disciplinary history (52) ______of the online brokerage firm, or (2) file a complaint, if appropriate.

填空题product markets (such as the shoe market), demographic markets (such as the youth market),

填空题·You will hear five different people talking about business.·For each extract there are two tasks. For Task One, decide the type of business they are going to start from the list A-H. For Task Two, choose the preparation they have to make from the list A-H.·You will hear the recording twice. {{B}}TASK ONE--THE TYPE OF BUSINESS{{/B}}·For questions 13-17, match the extracts with the types of business to start, listed A-H.·For each extract, decide the type of business each speaker is going to start.·Write one letter (A-H) next to the number of the extract.A an export firmB a gas stationC a supermarketD an import firmE a garageF a restaurantG a tourism training programH a hotel

填空题I shall find another supplier. ______

填空题ASo you think you're an entrepreneur, and you want to start up a company. First, be sure you're really an entrepreneur, and not an inventor. Inventors come up with ideas, entrepreneurs make a business out of them: it's important to know where your abilities lie, as inventors can fail miserably at running a business. Also, you need to be confident that you can adapt your management style to meet new demands if your company is a success. Leading the management team of a growing business is very different from leading a newly founded company.BIf your company proves successful, it will probably change out of all recognition, and may seem to possess a life of its own, with institutional shareholders, regulators and employees to consider as well as customers and bank managers. That is the time to consider how far the aspirations of the business you founded still mirror your own. If they have diverged widely, and you feel you have built just the sort of business that you perhaps tried to escape from in the first place, it may be time to leave. CBringing an idea to life requires an organisation. If you are going into business with your friends, make sure you treat them as professionally as you would your arms-length business partners, because the odds are that you'll fall out with them. It may not seem important at the start, but it will strengthen the company if you ensure that its constitution documents are designed with your specific business and circumstances in mind, and that they clearly establish what will happen in the event of a withdrawal from the business by one of the founding shareholders.DThink carefully about the capital structure of the business. You could be storing up a problem for the company in the future - for example, by allocating shares to founders in a way that could lead to a stand-off if they refuse to see eye to eye on key issues. Similarly, when you eventually recruit new senior team members, think carefully about what to offer them. Don't give away share options too early. As a rule of thumb, cash is sufficient reward for knowledge and skill. Keep equity up your sleeve for rewarding commitment.EAs your business grows, you need to keep the right balance between management control and entrepreneurial spirit. Too much control, and the business will ultimately cease to grow. Too little, and growth could be unsustalnable. You'll need to employ managers, but remember that their job is to build the infrastructure to underpin a business that until now may have run on the basis of your salesmanship and excitement. The risk is to bring in managers who are too much like you, without the necessary experience of nursing a newly founded business through its evolution.

填空题{{B}}PART ONE{{/B}}{{B}} ·Look at the sentences below and following texts. ·Which text does each sentence refer to? ·For each sentence 1--8, mark one letter A, B, C, D or E. ·You will need to use some of the letters more than once.{{/B}} {{B}}A. Richard J. Braun{{/B}} Richard J. Braun, MBA, JD, CPA, was named Chairman of the Board of Directors and President on October 26, 2000. Mr. Braun was named a Director and elected as Chief Executive Officer in July 1996. From 1994 until joining the Company, Mr. Braun acted as a private investor and provided management consulting services to the health care and technology industries. From 1992 until 1994, he served as Chief Operating Officer and as a Director of EBP, Inc., a NYSE company engaged in managed care. From 1989 through 1991, Mr. Braun served as Executive Vice President, Chief Operating Officer and Director of .Reich and Tang L. P., a NYSE investment advisory and broker dealer firm. From 1976 to 1988, Mr. Braun was engaged in financial services as an officer and director of American Express Financial Advisors and CEO and Director of a subsidiary of DST Systems and Kemper Financial Services.{{B}}B. Kevin J. Wiersma{{/B}}Kevin J. Wiersma was named Chief Financial Officer on May 22, 2002 and Chief Operating Officer--Laboratory Division on July 17, 2000. He was named Vice President on July 20, 1998. Mr. Wiersma joined MEDTOX Laboratories in 1992 and continued with the company following its acquisition by MEDTOX Scientific, Inc. Mr. Wiersma has served in various positions with the Company relating to finance and operations management.{{B}}C. Susan E. Puskas{{/B}}Susan E. Puskas was named Vice President Quality, Regulatory Affairs and Human Resources on May 23, 2002. Ms. Puskas holds a Bachelor of Science degree in biology/ chemistry and is ASCP certified as a Medical Technologist and as a Specialist in Chemistry. Ms. Puskas has been with MEDTOX since 1991. With over 25 years of clinical laboratory experience (21 years as a manager and supervisor), she oversees the Quality Assurance Department, the regulatory affairs of the laboratory as well as the Human Resource Department;{{B}}D. Ken Dahlberg{{/B}}Ken Dahlberg was named the chief executive officer and president of Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) on November 3, 2003 and chairman of the board on July 16, 2004. Prior to joining SAIC, Dahlherg served as executive vice president of General Dynamics where he was responsible for the company's Information Systems and Technology Group. Dahlberg began his career with Hughes Aircraft in June 1967. He held various engineering, program management and leadership positions with Hughes. At Hughes, he served as president of the division that produced air traffic control hardware, systems and radar; then was president of the division that produced weapons systems, naval systems and tank systems, and later was president of the Sensors and Communications division. When Raytheon acquired Hughes Aircraft in 1997, he became president and chief operating officer of Raytheon Systems Company and oversaw operations of the defense business units. Three years later, he assumed the duties of executive vice president for business development and president of Raytheon International. In this role, he was Raytheon's principal liaison with its defense customers and directed its international and domestic business development.{{B}}E. Wayne Morris{{/B}}Wayne has over 22 years experience in IT hardware, software and networking. His functional experience includes software development, technical management, customer support, professional services, sales, marketing and corporate strategy. He has worked in various management and executive positions in the Australian Federal Government, Wang Computer, Hewlett Packard, Enterprise Software Corp, and BMC Software. He is the co- author of "Foundations of Service Level Management" and has presented papers at a number of industry conferences in Australia, USA, Europe and Asia. He was appointed Chief Executive Officer on 2 July, 2001 and Managing Director 23 July, 2001.

填空题production

填空题{{B}}PART ONE{{/B}} ·Look at the statements below and the views expressed by five different people about their careers in retailing． ·Which extract(A，B，C，D or E)does each statement(1-8)refer to？ ·For each statement(1-8)，mark one letter(A，B，C，D or E)on your Answer Sheet． ·You will need to use some of these Ietters more than once． {{B}} A CAREER IN RETAILING {{/B}} Keeping the customer satisfied is central to the retail business．But how much job satisfaction can workers in the retail trade expect? Five people who work in retailing talk about their careers． A Steve Cain is deputy director of trading for a large supermarket．He says，“When I moved into the retail sector I found it offered more tangible achievements and rewards than my previous business consultancy work．The power base has changed in the industry，and it's the retailers who are now driving things forward．Before，buyers waited for the product to come in and negotiated the price with the manufacturers，but now in food retailing，it's the retailers themselves who are developing their own brands and fixing prices，which makes it an exciting field to work in． B Virginia Clement is support and development manager for a large clothing department store． " This means I am responsible for all the buying and merchandising．This demands teamwork。 and for me this is one of the most attractive aspects of work ing at head office．You have a lot of contact with people，from shop floor staff to suppl iers．We work in a very open environment and we're very team orientated．Each team is responsible for getting a particular product to the store on time and in the right quantities．" C Tim Edlund，who works in buying for a large clothing store，says，" The buyer has to have some flair for design，but balancing that，you need a strategic view and business acumen． There are numerous factors influencing a buyer's choice of product range for each season．I have to beware of current trends in the suppliers'market?competitors'activity and both local and global customer demand．I go all over Britain to keep abreast of this information． Working hours are very irregular，so it's the complete opposite to a 9 to 5 job．It can be extremely exhausting，but I love it．" D Diane Maxwell is buying controller for women's wear for a home shopping catalogue company． She says that，despite the hard work，her job remains varied and satisfying．" I've gained a huge range of skills with the company in various fields，both through formal courses and by means of on-the-job training．The scope of the buying role is extremely broad．It's not just about the product．The focus of the job is 0n producing a profitable range and that requires extensive business knowledge．" E Jan Shaw is personnel director of a supermarket．She says．" What we really want to do in our company is taking on people witil a real interest in trade rather than managers who only want to complete a job as fast as possible．Our new graduate recruitment programme aims to de exactly that．The induction programme introduces all aspects of working for our company，giving early responsibility and first-hand experience of the company's working culture．Career development within the company is based on general management skills rather than specialisation，so whatever department they are in，employees will focus on similar aims．

填空题byproduct, substitution, blue chip companies/shares, simplification, franchise, specialization, natural resources, standardization.

填空题BTask Two - Feeling/B· For questions 18-22, match the extracts with what people say, listed A-H.· For each extract, choose the feeling expressed.· Write one letter (A-H) next to the number of the extract.A. welcomes the opportunity to travel in the new jobB. is unhappy in his/her present jobC. considers the new job a promotionD. was net happy about their interviewE. thinks the interview was successfulF. is undecided about accepting the new jobG. did not like the new companyH. would like to live in this area

填空题 ·Read the text below about iob advertisement． ·In most of the lines(41-52)there is one extra word．It is either grammatically incorrect or does not fin with the sense of the text．Some lines，however，are correct． ·lf a IiRe iS correct，write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet． ·If there iS an extra word in the line，write the extra word in CAPITAL LE丌ERS on your Answer Sheet． {{B}} Investment Analysts wanted {{/B}} 41．department．Our client is a top US institution with significant funds under 42．management from world wide．Increasingly it is seeking to manage the European 43．component of its portfolio from London．This has been Ied to an impressive rise in 44．its profile in European markets．The Bank is looking for talented and ambitious 45．investment Analysts to form a new specialist research team．Investment Analysts 46．who perform rigorous and detailed investigation into companies and securities 47．before making recommendations to those Fund Managers．Ideally，you will have 48．excellent academic credentials and a solid professional with grounding in 49．analytical techniques．Particularly useful would be training in an accountancy， 50．an MBA or a legal qualification．Excellent communication in skills are required．For an initiaI， 51．confidential conversation contact 52．the Bank's Personnel Manager directly．

填空题{{B}}PART ONE{{/B}}· You will hear the organiser of an annual conference attended by the sales representatives of a large company. He is telling them about the arrangements for the end of the conference.· As you listen, for questions 1-12, complete the notes using up to three words or a number.· After you have listened once, replay the recording.