______ the cause, the hate between these men grew deeper and deeper.

The next day she______ her father what______ when the man came again.

All the arrangements should have been completed prior______our departure.

Mary was out all night and her parents kept asking her where she______.

Postage______ , the smart phone will cost you at least 3,000 yuan.

Jim was absent from school for the whole week_____a bad cold.

He didn't______what I read because his mind was on something else.

I was nervous—desperately nervous—about becoming car-free. But eight months ago our car was hit, and the damage was so bad it had to be given up. And that' s when I had an idea. Why not just give up having a car at all? The more I thought about it, the more sensible it seemed. We have a railway station behind our house, a tube station 10 minutes' walk away, and a bus stop at the end of the street. If any family in Britain could live without a car, I reasoned, then surely we were that family? But my new car-free plan wasn' t shared by my family. My teenage daughters were shocked. How would they get to and from university? (A bus, I suggested.)What would their friends think about our family being "too poor to afford a car" ? (I wasn' t that bothered what they thought, and I suggested they take the same approach.) My friends, too, were astonished at our plan. Wasn' t a car essential, when you had children? What would happen if someone got seriously ill overnight and needed to go to hospital (erm...an ambulance?). People smiled, as though this was another of my mad ideas, before saying they were sure I' d soon realise that a car wasn' t a luxury, it was a necessity. Eight months on, I wonder whether we' 11 ever own a car again. The idea that you "have" to own a car, especially if you live in a city, is all in the mind. I live—and many other people do too—in a community that has never been better served by public transport, and yet car ownership has never been higher. Do I really need a car? The answer, for me, turned out to be no, and I'm a lot richer because I dared to ask the question.

The annual campaign to make Singapore's three million people more polite ended yesterday and was immediately followed by another drive to get them to be punctual. Tardiness is not yet a criminal offence in the island republic, and the National Punctuality Working Committee can only use gentle persuasion. " Being on time means being considerate, " said committee chairman Toh Weng Cheng. Previous drives made little headway in changing a deeply rooted habit that seems oddly out of place in this otherwise efficient city-state. Tardiness at dinner parties is usually attributed to Chinese tradition, a belief that older and more important guests were expected to make an entrance after the others. Meanwhile, officials will assess the results of the 15th annual courtesy (礼貌) campaign, a HK $2.4 million drive to persuade Singaporeans to mind their manners. Earlier courtesy campaigns used posters, films, advertisements in newspapers and magazines to portray considerate behavior. The publicity this year stressed courtesy through examples of discourtesy. Few countries use elaborate public campaigns to change behavior and raise civic consciousness. It has been a way of life in Singapore for more than 30 years. Some, like the courtesy drive, deal with basic habits and culture. October was first declared "Speak Mandarin Month" in 1978, an effort to wipe out regional Chinese dialects in favor of the official tongue. Others focus on problems of the day. The police launched a drive in 1989 to stop abuse of the emergency phone number 999, because one call in five was of the nuisance or non-emergency variety. Some campaigns have been so successful that they have been reversed. Family planners urged parents to "Stop at Two" in 1978. Birth rates dropped from 3.5 percent in 1960 to 1.2 percent in 1980, and families who can afford it are now encouraged to "Have Three or More". By the early 1980s, the growth of campaigns inspired one exhausted newspaper columnist to suggest a " take your campaigns seriously campaign".

我们一得出结论就通知你。

On November 19, 1863, Abraham Lincoln went toGettysburg in Pennsylvania to speak at the National Soldiers Cemetery. The Civil War was still going on. There was much criticism of President Lincoln at the time. He was not at all popular. He had been invited to speak at Gettysburg only out of politeness. The principal speaker was to be Edward Everett, a famous statesman and speaker of the day. Everett was a handsome man and very popular everywhere. It is said thatLincoln prepared his speech on the train while going to Gettysburg. Late that night, alone in his hotel room and tired out, he again worked briefly on the speech. The next day Everett spoke first. He spoke for an hour and 57 minutes. His speech was a perfect example of the rich oratory of the day. Then Lincoln rose. The crowd of 15, 000 people at first paid little attention to him. He spoke for only nine minutes. At the end, there was little applause. Lincoln turned to a friend and remarked, "I have failed again. " On the train back to Washington, he said sadly, "That speech was a flat failure, and the people are disappointed. Some newspapers at first criticized the speech. But little by little as people read the speech they began to understand better. They began to appreciate its simplicity and its deep meaning. It was a speech which only Abraham Lincoln could have made. Today, every American school child learnsLincoln's Gettysburg Address by heart. Now everyone thinks of it as one of the greatest speeches ever given in American history.

When Nicholas Pave was three years old, he ate a piece of cake at a party. Within seconds, his throat was aching and his nose was running. An hour later, he started throwing up. Says Nicholas now: "It was scary." How can one bite of one cake make someone so sick? Nicholas was having an allergic (过敏)reaction to peanut-butter(花生酱)chips in the cake. His mom quickly called the doctor and gave Nicholas some medicine. Without the medicine, he might have stopped breathing. Some people allergic to peanuts have died after eating them. People who are allergic to peanuts must avoid anything containing a peanut or its oil. Sometimes just smelling or touching peanut oil or peanut dust causes an allergic reaction. That can turn a school dining hall into a danger zone! Now some schools have decided not to take any chances. They' re cracking down on peanut products to protect allergic kids. In some school dining halls, peanut-free tables are being set aside. In other schools, no one is allowed to bring any "peanutty" foods at all. Banning peanut butter creates some sticky problems. Peanut-butter sandwiches are popular. They are a nutritious, affordable food for most families. However, there are many choices for a healthful lunch. School dining halls can provide a wide choice of foods that are safe for all kids. They can even send home suggestions for bag lunches that don' t include peanuts. People should be willing to sacrifice a particular food if it might save a child' s life. All schools should ban peanuts and peanut products. Even if all schools don' t ban peanuts, Ann Munoz-Furlong of the Food Allergy Network points out that teachers and students should have an emergency plan to deal with any allergy attack. Allergic kids should always wash their hands before eating and should never exchange foods with other kids. Kids should feel safe in the classroom and the dining hall.

Paper making began in China and from there it______to North Africa and Europe.

The top of the world is a wonderland. In winter, the temperature often falls to -30° F and the sun never rises. The ocean is surrounded by frozen ground. There are few people or trees, but to polar bears, the Arctic (北极) is home. Polar bears have thick fur, big paws and other features that make them well prepared for life in their tough environment. In fact, they need the Arctic sea ice for survival. But climate change is causing larger and larger areas of summer sea ice to melt (融化). Experts say that if warming patterns continue, the Arctic could be free of summer sea ice by 2050. That may cause two-thirds of the world's 20, 000 polar bears to be gone by then too. Polar bears can't survive for long on land. Seals are their main source of food. The only place where polar bears can hunt seals is on the ice. Although these bears are strong swimmers, they are no match for lightning swift seals in the water. A polar bear has brilliantly clever strategies to overcome this disadvantage. In winter the bear waits motionless beside a seal's breathing hole, which is a narrow tunnel through the ice. Often many hours pass before' the seal comes up for air and the bear kills it with a powerful blow of its paw. In summer, the polar bears that live on land eat very little and wait for the sea ice to return. With the sea ice forming later in the year and melting earlier, polar bears do not have enough opportunity to hunt and eat. Less sea ice makes it harder for the bears to catch the seals. The bears must swim longer distances between ice packs (大片浮冰) , and they can't always make it. The ice is also getting thinner. These conditions can cause polar-bear cubs to become separated from their mothers, who provide them with food. Steven Amstrup is the chief scientist of Polar Bears International. The group aims to save the bears and their home. "The more people who see polar bears and understand their difficult situation, the better the chance we'll alter our warming path in time to save them, " he says.

It was hard for him to learn English in a family, in which______of the parents spoke the language.

There is very______ knowledge about how to make the transition from childhood to adulthood less painful.

In England he was granted an honorary degree from Oxford—an unusual honor for a citizen of a young, uncultured nation—and he received the medal of the Royal Society of Literature.

Although______happened in the Arctic region sounds like a fairy tale, it truly exits.

Rare animals are still being hunted, ______there is severe punishment for it.

Finding it difficult to______to the climate in the city, he decided to move to the south.