单选题This is a famous street in China. What is it? It's West Street. Why is it so famous? Now let me tell you something (41) it. West Street is in Yangshuo, Guangxi. It's over 1,400 years (42) .It's about 1,000 meters (43) . But it's very clean and beautiful. In the street, there are (44) shops. The things in the shops are nice and cheap. Every day, lots of visitors come here. Many of (45) are foreigners. It's a good place to practice speaking English. So West Street is called the biggest English corner. Some people (46) call it the earth village. Almost everyone in the street (47) English. But you mustn't ride your bike or drive your car in the West Street. You can only (48) here. Why? Because it's a walking street. In the street, you needn't worry that you'll be hit by cars. (49) happy! West Street is a wonderful place to visit. (50) West Street.
单选题It was sunny. A small boy and his father (41) a walk in the country. It suddenly began to rain hard. They didn' t have their umbrellas (42) them and there was nowhere to hide from (43) rain, (44) they were soon (45) . As they walking (46) through the rain, the boy (47) his father and asked him, "Why does it rain, Father? It isn' t very nice, isn' t it?" " (48) very nice, but it' s useful, Tom," (49) his father. "It rains to make the fruit and the vegetable grow for us," Tom thought about this for a moment, and then he said, "Then, why does it rain on the road (50) , Father?/
单选题无论在什么地方,想成为英语教师的人都有一个共同点:希望他们的专业地位和技能得到某种肯定,并能得到工作。前一个要求对个人来说显然是重要的,但是如果你要想找到工作的话,那这就更加不可缺少了。
十年前的情况却并不是这样。实际上在每一个发展中国家里,在许多发达国家里也同样,只要你的母语是英语,这就足以使你有资格被聘为英语教师。而现在,招聘者只看教师是否具有能教好英语的知识和技能,还有工作态度。这样做的结果就是把母语为非英语的英语教师提升到了和母语为英语的教师同等的地位,这是他们早该享受却很少享受到的待遇。母语为非英语的英语教师现在很高兴,因为语言上的歧视已经成为过去。
一项正在进行的由剑桥大学资助的研究项目,抽样调查了40多个国家的教师、教育工作者及聘用教学者,向他们询问母语为英语的教师和母语为非英语的教师的差别是否重要,回答是否定的。应聘者只要能教,并具备所要求的英语水平,他们是什么人、来自什么国家和地区并不重要。这样,一种新的歧视(这种歧视是合理的,因为它将不合格的人区别出来了)解放了语言上受歧视的人。然而,剑桥大学研究院的成果还不限于此:它确认了对英语为母语的教师和英语为非母语的教师的要求是极为相似的。
单选题HowcanwegettoNewYork?A.Byplane.B.Bybike.C.Bymotorbike.
单选题
单选题向日葵原产北美洲,万历年间由传教士传入中国。历代学者在记载向日葵时,都特别提及其向日性。如梅尧臣《葵花》诗:“此心生不背朝阳,肯信众草能翳之。”刘克庄诗《葵》:“生长古墙阴,园荒草木深。可曾沾雨露,不改向阳心。”可见自古以来“葵”就与“向阳”紧密联系在一起。
那么,向日葵究竟向不向日?
答案是:要看处于什么生长阶段。向日葵从发芽到花盘盛开之前这一段时间,的确是向日的,其叶子和花盘在白天追随太阳从东转向西,不过并非即时的跟随,植物学家测量过,其花盘的指向落后太阳大约12°,即48分钟。太阳下山后,向日葵的花盘又慢慢往回摆,在大约凌晨三点时,又朝向东方等待太阳升起。但花盘一旦盛开,就不再向日转动,而是固定朝向东方了。
简单地说,是这样的:光照射到芽的尖端,被光受体吸收,激发生长素的合成。光同时刺激向光面和背光面的生长素的合成,但是背光面的生长素合成量要高3倍。在芽尖合成的生长素经由维管组织向下传输,与细胞膜上的蛋白质受体结合,刺激细胞壁拉长。由于背光面的生长素浓度较高,导致背光面的细胞被拉得较长,从而朝着向光面弯曲。
显然,向日葵的叶子和花盘之所以能朝着太阳转动,是因为在阳光的照射下,生长素在向日葵背光一面含量升高,刺激背光面细胞拉长,从而慢慢地向太阳转动,在太阳落山后,生长素重新分布,又使向日葵慢慢地转回起始位置,也就是东方。
在花盘盛开后,向日葵也停止了生长,而把花盘固定朝向东方。这可能是自然选择的结果,对向日葵的繁衍有益处。向日葵的花粉怕高温,如果温度高于30℃,就会被灼伤,因此固定朝向东方,可以避免正午阳光的直射,减少辐射量。但是,花盘一大早就受阳光照射,却有助于烘干在夜晚时凝聚的露水,减少受真菌侵袭的可能性;而且在气温较低的早晨,阳光的照射使向日葵的花盘成了温暖的小窝,能吸引昆虫在那里停留,帮助传粉。
通过以上的介绍,我想已足以消除某些观察过向日葵的大人、小孩儿的困惑了。他们不轻信常识,能够自己观察验证,敢于挑战权威,这是难能可贵的。
单选题I ______ go there this morning, so I stayed home. [A] didn' t need to [B] didn' t need [C] needn' t to
单选题Why are you so angry ______ each other? A. at B. with C. to
单选题______ in the same class. A. I and Lucy is B. Lucy and I are C. Lucy and I am
单选题Indians always shake (摇) their heads when they talk to others. (41) does not have the same meaning (42) "no". If someone wants to visit India, (43) should know this, (44) it will give him some trouble. One day, a foreign officer went to India on business. He hired (雇佣) a car and an Indian to drive it. When he (45) the driver to send him to his office, the driver shook his (46) at once. The officer repeated his order, and the driver (47) so again. At last, the officer, of course, got (48) . " (49) dare you refuse (拒绝) my order?" he shouted. "Drive me to office immediately!" The driver answered (50) quite a loud voice, too. "Yes, sir !" But he still shook his head at the same time. Suddenly the officer realized that, "No means Yes here!/
单选题Nasreddin had a shed(棚子)behind his house. It had no lights in it. One night he went out to the shed to get his ladders(梯子)and lost his ring(戒指)there. He left the ladder, went out into the street and began to look around. One of his friends saw him in the street outside his house, and said to him, " Hello, Nasreddin, what are you looking for?" "My ring , "answered Nasreddin. "It fell off my finger. It is a silver(银的)ring with a red stone in it." "Oh, yes. "said the friend. "I remember it. I will help you to look for it. Where did you lose it?" "In my shed." "But why don't you look for it there?" "Don't be foolish! It is quite dark in my shed, how can I find my ring there? Here there is light from the lamps in the street./
单选题地面沉降,并不是新鲜事。事实上,早在20世纪中叶,就有人根据1921年至1938年上海市重复水准点测量结果,提出上海存在地面沉降现象。
“当年我们读书的时候,看到和平饭店在下沉的新闻,大吃一惊。”华东师范大学长江流域发展研究院沈玉芳教授回忆道。据介绍,当时的报道称,上海144平方公里的老城区地面沉降了1.75米,市区的西藏路、北京路口等处最大沉降2.63米。此后,地面沉降也未停止。据了解,从1966年到2000年,上海市区累计沉降量为218.12毫米,每年沉降约6.02毫米。
然而,最近的研究显示,地面沉降这一问题已经遍布全国。
目前,中国在19个省份中超过50个城市发生了不同程度的地面沉降,累计沉降量超过200毫米的总面积超过7.9万平方公里。日前,国土资源部地质环境司副司长陶庆法曾向媒体表示,“地面沉降的重灾区主要是长江三角洲地区、华北平原和汾渭盆地这三个区域。”此外,中国地质调查局公布的《华北平原地面沉降调查与监测综合研究》及《中国地下水资源与环境调查》显示:华北平原不同区域的沉降中心有连成一片的趋势;长江三角洲地区最近30多年累计沉降超过200毫米的面积近1万平方公里,占区域总面积的三分之一。其中,上海市、江苏省的苏锡常三市开始出现地裂缝等地质灾害。
单选题Mrs. Black doesn't mean that Susan is the right person for the job, ______ she? [A] is [B] does [C] isn't
单选题As the American writer, Mark Twain, once said, "Everybody talks about the weather, but nobody does anything about it." It is true that everybody talks about the weather; it's the most common way of starting a conversation. Many people think they can tell what the weather is going to be like. But they hardly ever agree with each other. One man may say, "Do you see how cloudy it is in the east? It's going to rain tomorrow." Another man will say, "Yes, it's cloudy in the east. We're going to have fine weather tomorrow." People often look for the weather they want. When a farmer needs water, he looks for something to tell himself it's going to rain; he won't believe anything else. When friends have a picnic (野餐), they are so sure the weather is going to clear up very quickly when they sit eating their lunch in the rain. Almost everyone listens to what the weatherman says. But he doesn't always tell us what we want, and once in a while he makes a mistake. Still, he probably comes closer to being correct than anyone else.
单选题Whatisthereintheshop?[A]Fish.[B]Meat.[C]Beef.
单选题今天是中国传统的元宵节,也许有人想不到,元宵节不仅是闹元宵、赏花灯的“狂欢节”,而且在古代还曾经是“情人节”。
正月是农历的元月,古人称夜为“宵”,所以称正月十五为元宵节。正月十五是一年中第一个月圆之夜,也是一元复始、大地回春的夜晚,人们对此加以庆祝,也是庆贺新春的延续。元宵节又称为“上元节”。
中国民间有过元宵节吃元宵的习俗。元宵由糯米制成,或实心,或带馅儿。馅儿有豆沙、白糖、山楂等,食用时煮、煎、蒸、炸皆可。起初,人们把这种食物叫作“浮圆子”,后来又叫“汤团”或“汤圆”,这些名称与“团圆”字音相近,取团圆之意,象征全家人团团圆圆,和睦幸福,人们也以此怀念离别的亲人,寄托了对未来生活的美好愿望。
相传,袁世凯在篡夺了辛亥革命成果后想复辟登基当皇帝,但又怕人民反对,终日提心吊胆。一天,他听到街上卖元宵的人拉长了声音在喊:“元——宵。”他觉得“元宵”和“袁消”谐音,这不是要消灭他袁世凯吗?他坐立不安,悍然下令:从1913年的正月十五起,元宵这种食品只能称“汤圆”或“粉果”,但他如此避讳,到头来,元宵仍然流传不衰,而他自己却“袁消”了。
至于元宵灯会,更是历史悠久。据史书记载,周朝就已设有专门管灯的官员——司炬氏了。至于元宵灯会的来历,据传始于东汉明帝时期,由于明帝提倡佛教,听说佛教有正月十五僧人观佛舍利、点灯敬佛的做法,就命令这一天夜晚在皇宫和寺庙里点灯敬佛,并令士族庶民都挂灯,于是这种佛教礼仪节日逐渐成了民间盛大的节日。梁简文帝曾写过一篇《列灯赋》:“南油俱满,西漆争燃。苏征安息,蜡出龙川。斜晖交映,倒影澄鲜。”描绘了当时宫廷在元宵张灯的盛况。隋炀帝时,每年正月十五举行盛大的晚会,以招待来宾和使节。
到唐代赏灯活动更加兴盛,皇宫里及街道上处处挂灯,有的还建有高大的灯轮、灯楼和灯树,唐朝诗人卢照邻在《十五夜观灯》中有描述:“接汉疑星落,依楼似月悬。”而《南都繁会景物图》等画卷,形象地描绘了焰火夺目的鳌山及老百姓观看演出的热闹场景。明代后期《正德江宁县志》所描绘的灯节,更是繁华得让人目不暇接。
在古代,元宵节也是一个浪漫的节日,在封建社会中,元宵灯会给未婚男女提供了一个相见的机会。古时不少朝代都有“宵禁”的规定,唐代京城长安每晚夜禁。当太阳落山后,击鼓八百,谓之“净街鼓”。鼓停,即紧闭各处城门,人们不准外出,违者处以重罚。而一年之中,只有灯节三天例外。此外,古代社会有年轻女孩儿“大门不出,二门不迈”的清规戒律,一般不允许她们自由活动,只有在过节时才可以结伴外出游玩,元宵节赏花灯正好是一个交往的机会,未婚男女常常借着赏花灯与异性接触,因此元宵灯节期间往往是男女青年与情人约会的好机会。
欧阳修《生查子》云:“去年元夜时,花市灯如昼;月上柳梢头,人约黄昏后。”辛弃疾《青玉案》写道:“众里寻他千百度,蓦然回首,那人却在,灯火阑珊处。”就是描述元宵夜的情境。传统戏曲中陈三和五娘是在元宵节赏花灯相遇而一见钟情,乐昌公主与徐德言在元宵夜破镜重圆,《春灯谜》中宇文彦和影娘在元宵节定情,所以说元宵节也是中国古代的“情人节”。
单选题George is a young man. He does not have a wife, but he has a very big dog and he has a very small car, too. He likes playing tennis. Last Monday he played tennis for an hour at his club, and then he ran out and jumped into a car. His dog came after him, but it did not jump into the same car. It jumped into the next one. "Come here, silly dog!" George shouted at it but the dog stayed in the other car. George put his key into the lock of the car, but the key did not turn. Then he looked at the car again. It was not his! He was in the wrong car! And the dog was in the right one! "He's sitting and laughing at me!" George said angrily. But then he smiled and got into his car with the dog.
单选题中国武术历史悠久,是中华文化的国粹,闻名世界。它是中华民族在长期的历史演进过程中不断创造、逐渐形成的一个运动项目。它深受中国人民的喜爱,也越来越受到世界众多国家和地区人民的重视和青睐。武术的产生,缘起于我国远古祖先的生产劳动。武术作为独立的社会文化现象,是同中华民族文明的产生同步的。
武术讲究动作形体规范,又求精气神传意。内外合一的整体运动观,是中国武术的一大特色。所谓内,指人的精神、意识和气息的运行;所谓外,指人体手眼身步的活动,如太极拳要求“以意识引导动作”,形意拳讲究“内三合、外三合”。套路演练在技术上特别要求把内在的精气神与外部的形体动作紧密结合,做到手到眼到,形断意连,使意识、呼吸、动作协调一致。这一特点充分反映了武术作为一种文化形式在长期的历史演进中备受中国古代哲学、医学、美学等方面的渗透和影响,形成独具民族风格的运动形式和练功方法。
武术的内容和练习形式丰富多样。不同的形式和内容都有与其相适应的各种练功方法,其动作结构、技术要求、运动风格和运动量不尽相同,分别适应不同年龄、性别、职业、体质的需要,人们可以根据自身条件和兴趣爱好加以选择。同时,武术运动不受时间、季节的限制,场地器材也可以因陋就简,这种广泛的适应性给开展群众性体育活动创造了有利条件。
中华民族素有“礼仪之邦”之称,根植于中华传统文化土壤中的中华武术,也必然以具有浓郁的伦理思想色彩为其主要特色。尚武与崇德便成为习武实践密不可分的两个方面。实行尚武与崇德的教育,无疑可以陶冶人们的思想情操。另外,艰苦的习武实践,对于培养人们良好的生活习性和意志品质也具有积极作用。
中华武术独有的审美情趣也给武术增添了无穷的魅力。武术不仅能培养人们的审美情趣,给人以美的教育,还能在节庆集会时丰富人们的业余文化生活,带给人们美的享受。同时,以武会友,切磋技艺,还能扩大交往,交流思想,增进友谊,能为东西方的文化交流做出贡献。
单选题中国人最讲求饮食,当你大快朵颐时,你是否留心过嘴里的东西来自何方?胡瓜、胡桃、胡豆、胡椒、胡葱、胡蒜、胡萝卜……这些“胡姓”食物的身世又是如何?“胡”字其实代表着古代北方和西方的民族。它们改变了我们餐桌上的内容、改变了我们的口味、改变了我们的生活。
餐桌上,除了“胡”系列果蔬,我们还有“番”系列的,比如番茄、番薯(红薯)、番椒(海椒、辣椒)、番石榴、番木瓜;还有“洋”系列的,洋葱、洋姜、洋芋(土豆)、洋白菜(卷心菜)等。农史学家认为:“胡”系列大多为两汉两晋时期由西北陆路引入;“番”系列大多为南宋至元明时期由“番舶”(外国船只)带入;“洋”系列则大多由清代乃至近代引入。我们的饭菜很多都是不远万里引入中国的,各有来头。
别以为西北太远,当你细数餐桌上的佳肴时,你会发现西北就在眼前,我们一桌桌的饭菜早就被“胡化”了,留下了西北的烙印,不信您看:
小麦就是西北来的,此外大量遗传学实验和考古发现已证明,栽培小麦起源于冬春雨雪丰沛的西亚地区。而研磨小麦而成的“胡饼”,也是西北首开先河,它改变了“麦饭”不好{肖化的难题。而大豆及其后来的豆腐等副产品,也是源自北方。再如胡萝卜,原产西亚,阿富汗为最早演化中心,传入我国较晚,但推广很快,明人李时珍说它“元时始自胡地来”。黄瓜,原产印度,李时珍说:“张骞使西域得种,故名胡瓜。”莴苣原产西亚,其种据说是隋政府用重金从外国使者处求得,故民间传为“千金菜”。还有菠菜、紫甘蓝等。
中餐离不开丰富的调味料。葱、姜、蒜是使用频率最高的调料,荤素都离不开它们。姜,史称“南夷之姜”,是南方少数民族驯化的。葱呢,齐桓公伐山戎带回的胜利品中,除了戎菽外,还有冬葱。冬葱即大葱,不同于中原原有的小葱。张骞通西域引进的作物还有胡葱、胡蒜和胡荽。胡葱“茎叶粗短,根若金灯”,是另一种大葱。胡蒜即我们现在常用的大蒜。胡荽即香菜。另外还有胡椒和茴香,也是自西向东来的。
单选题饺子是我国历史悠久、南北通食的一种食品,至今已有一两千年的历史了。古时候,人们一般在年三十晚上十二点以前将饺子包好,待到子时吃,因为这时正是正月初一的伊始,也是辞旧迎新之时,吃饺子取“更岁交子”之意。“子”为“子时”,“交”与“饺”谐音,有“喜庆团圆”和“吉祥如意”的意思。
饺子形如元宝,人们在春节吃饺子取“招财进宝”之意。另外,饺子有馅儿,便于人们把各种吉祥的东西放到馅儿里,以寄托人们对新的一年的祈望。
据说,饺子与我国古代医圣张仲景有关。他从长沙太守任上告老还乡后,在南阳白河岸边,看见很多穷苦百姓忍饥受寒,耳朵都冻烂了。他心里非常难受,决心继续悬壶济世。于是,他仿照在长沙的做法,叫弟子在南阳东关的一块空地上搭起医棚,架起大锅,在冬至那天开张,向穷人舍药治伤。
张仲景向穷人施舍的药名叫“祛寒娇耳汤”,其做法是将羊肉、辣椒和一些祛寒药材放在锅里煮,煮好后再把它们捞出来切碎,用面皮包成耳朵状的“娇耳”,下锅煮熟后分给乞药的病人。每人两只“娇耳”、一碗汤,人们吃下后浑身发热、血液通畅、两耳变暖,因此抵御了寒冷,治好了冻耳。
张仲景开棚舍药一直持续到除夕。人们为了庆祝新年,也为了庆祝烂耳康复,就仿“娇耳”的样子做过年的食物,并在初一早上吃。取“娇耳”的谐音,他们把这种食品称为“饺耳”“饺子”,以纪念张仲景舍药治病的义举。后来,就慢慢变成了过年吃饺子的习俗。
如今,饺子这一佳肴在给人们带来欢乐的同时,已成为中国饮食文化大观园里的一朵奇葩。