单选题Which of the following is not true about the Elizabethan England?

单选题If the bill for secret terror trials is passed, it may be carried out in

单选题Teach for America (TFA) was founded by Wendy Kopp in 1990. It is a non-profit organization that. recruits top-notch graduates from elite institutions and gets them to teach for two years in struggling state schools in poor areas. I had thought the programme was about getting more high-quality teachers—but that, it appears, is a secondary benefit. "This is about enlisting the energy of our country's future leaders in its long-term educational needs, and eliminating inequity," Wendy explains. It's great if "corps members", as TFA calls its active teachers, stay in the classroom—and many do, and 'rise quickly through the ranks. But the "alums", as she calls those who have finished their two-year teaching, who don't stay in schools, often go on to lead in other fields, meaning that increasing numbers of influential people in all walks of life learn that it is possible to teach successfully in low-income communities, and just what it takes. "It means you realise that we can solve this problem. " As she continues to talk I realise that TFA is—in the best possible sense—a cult. It has its own language ("corps members", "alums"), recruits are instilled ("We tell them that it can be done, that we know of hundreds, thousands, of teachers attaining tremendous success"), go through an ordeal ("Everyone hits the wall in week three in the classroom"), emerge transformed by privileged knowledge ("Once you know what we know—that kids in poor urban areas can excel—you can accomplish different things") and can never leave (alumni form a growing, and influential, network). I have not seen the same zeal when talking to those on the equivalent programme in England, Teach First, in which the missionary-style language imported from America had to be toned down, because it just didn't suit the restrained English style. But could that fervour be necessary for its success? Chester, an alum, takes me to visit three TFA corps members at a middle school in the Bronx. They are impressive young people, and their zeal is evident. Two intend to stay in teaching; both want to open charter schools. One, a Hispanic woman, is working out with a friend how to educate migrant Hispanic labourers in Texas; the other would like to open a "green" charter, but in the meantime he has accepted a job with the KIPP charter group in Newark, New Jersey. All three are tired. Their classrooms are not much like the rest of the school where they work, and their heroic efforts are only supported by Chester and each other, not by their co-workers. "The first year was unbelievably bad," one tells me. "So many years with low expectations meant a lot of resistance from the kids. Eventually they saw the. power and the growth they were capable of. /

单选题Norton Internet Security functions to

单选题Analyzing the current state of the online advertising in paragraph 4, the author implies that

单选题Everybody loathes it, but everybody does it A recent poll showed that 20% of Americans hate the practice. It seems so arbitrary, after all. Why does a barman get a tip, but not a doctor who saves lives? In America alone, tipping is now a $ 16 billion-a-year industry. Consumers acting rationally ought not to pay more than they have to for a given service. Tips should not exist. So why do they? The conventional wisdom is that tips both reward the efforts of good service and reduce uncomfortable feelings of inequality. The better the service, the bigger the tip. Such explanations no doubt explain the purported origin of tipping--in the 16th century, boxes in English taverns carried the phrase "To Insure Promptitude" (later just "TIP") . But according to new research from Cornell University, tipping no longer serves any useful function. The paper analyses data from 2, 327 groups dining at 20 different restaurants. The correlation between larger tips and better service was very weak: only a tiny part of the variability in the size of the tip had anything to do with the quality of service. Customers who rated a meal as "excellent" still tipped anywhere between 8% and 17% of the meal price. Tipping is better explained by culture than by economics. In America, the custom has become institutionalized: it is regarded as part of the accepted cost of a service. In a New York restaurant, failing to tip at least 15% could well mean abuse from the waiter. Hairdressers can expect to get 15-20%, the man who delivers your groceries＄2. In Europe, tipping is less common; in many restaurants, discretionary tipping is being replaced by a standard service charge. In many Asian countries, tipping has never really caught on at all. How to account for these national differences? Look no further than psychology. According to Michael Lynn, the Cornell paper's co-author, countries in which people are more extrovert, sociable or neurotic tend to tip more. Tipping relieves anxiety about being served by strangers. And, says Mr. Lynn, "In America, where people are outgoing and expressive, tipping is about social approval, ff you tip badly, people think less of you. Tipping well is a chance to show off." Icelanders, by contrast, do not usually tip-a measure of their introversion, no doubt. While such explanations may be crude, the hard truth seems to be that tipping does not work. It does not benefit the customer. Nor, in the case of restaurants, does it actually stimulate the waiter, or help the restaurant manager to monitor and assess his staff. Service people should "just be paid a decent wage" which may actually make economic sense.

单选题The history of modem pollution problems shows that most have resulted from negligence and ignorance. We have an appalling tendency to interfere with nature before all of the possible consequences of our actions have been studied in depth. We produce and distrobite radioactive substances, synthetic chemicals and many other potent compounds before fully comprehending their effects on living organisms. Our education is dangerously incomplete. It will be argued that the purpose of science is to move into unknown territory, to explore, and to discover. It can be said that similar risks have been taken before, and that these risks are necessary to technological progress. These arguments overlook an important element. In the past, risks taken in the name of scientific progress were restricted to a small place and brief period of time. The effects of the processes we now strive to master are neither localized nor brief. Air pollution covers vast urban areas. Ocean pollutants have been discovered in nearly every part of the world. Synthetic chemicals spread over huge stretches of forest and farmland may remain in the soil for decades and years to come. Radioactive pollutants will be found in the biosphere for generations. The size and persistence of these problems have grown with the expanding power of modem science. One might also argue that the hazards of modem pollutants are small compared with the dangers associated with other human activity. No estimate of the actual harm done by smog, fallout, or chemical residues can obscure the reality that the risks are being taken before being fully understood. The importance of these issues lies in the failure of science to predict and control human intervention into natural processes. The true measure of the danger is represented by the hazards we will encounter if we enter the new age of technology without first evaluating our responsibility to environment.

单选题As an amateur, you' ll have to ______ first.

单选题 Education Secretary Arne Duncan is joining forces with two unlikely allies, the Rev. AI Sharpton and Republican former House Speaker Newt Gingrich, to push cities to fix failing schools. The trio will visit Philadelphia, New Orleans and Baltimore later this year. They plan to add more stops as their tour progresses. "These are cities that have real challenges but also tremendous hope and opportunity, " Duncan told reporters on a conference call Thursday. The idea came from a meeting they had with President Barack Obama in May at the White House. Education is high on Obama's priority list. He is seeking to boost achievement, keep kids from dropping out of high school and push every student to pursue some form of higher education. The president has vowed to make the United States the world leader in the number of people who graduate from college. He argues that students who do better in school will help themselves in a work force that increasingly depends on high-skilled jobs, and that the country will benefit as well. Obama discussed education issues in an interview with Damon Weaver, an l1-year-old Florida student. "On Sept.8, when young people across the country will have just started or are about to go back to school, I'm going to be making a big speech to young people all across the country about the importance of education, the importance of staying in school, how we want to improve our education system and why it's so important for the country, " Obama said. Sharpton, the liberal Democrat and community activist, said teachers and administrators aren't the only ones responsible for improving schools. "The parents need to be challenged with the message of 'no excuses,' " Sharpton said. Interviewed on NBC's "Today" show Friday, Gingrich and Sharpton were asked how they had agreed to work together on education in view of the many differences they've on other issues. "I think that he has it exactly right, that education has to be the No.1 civil right of the 21st century and I've been passionate about reforming education, " Gingrich said. "And we can't get it done as a partisan issue." Sharpton said the time has come to "change the conversation...to say we need to put everybody's hands on the table." Gingrich also said he believes that "if there's anything Americans should be mature enough about to have a decent conversation, it's the education of their children." He applauded Obama for showing "real courage on the issue of charter schools." Obama wants to increase the number of charter schools, which have a controversial history and are a divisive issue for his party's base.

单选题Vinton Cerf, known as the father of the Internet, said on Wednesday that the Web was outgrowing the planet Earth and the time had come to take the information superhighway to outer space. "The Internet is growing quickly, and we still have a lot of work to do to cover the planet," Cerf told the first day of the annual conference of the Internet Society in Geneva where more than 1,500 cyberspace fans have gathered to seek answers to questions about the tangled web of the Internet Ced believed that it would soon be possible to send real-time science data on the Internet from a space mission orbiting another planet such as Mars. "There is now an effort under way to design and build an interplanetary Internet. The space research community is coming closer and closer and merging. We think that we will see interplanetary Internet networks that look very much like the ones we use today. We will need interplanetary gateways and there will be protocols to transmit data between these gateways," Cerf said. Francois Fluekiger, a scientist attending the conference from the European Particle Physics Laboratory near Geneva, was not entirely convinced, saying.. "We need dreams like this. But I don't know any Martian whom I'd like to communicate with through the Internet. ' Cerf has been working with NASA's Pasadena Jet Propulsion Laboratory--the people behind the recent Mars expedition--to design what he calls an "interplanetary Internet protocol" He believes that astronauts will want to use the Internet, although special problems remain with interference and delay. "This is quite real The effort is becoming extraordinarily concrete over the next few months because the next Mars mission is in planning stages now," Cerf told the conference. "If we use domain names like Earth or Mars jet propulsion laboratory people would be coming together with people from the Internet community. ' He added. "The idea is to take the interplanetary Internet design and make it a part of the infrastructure of the Mars mission." He later told a news conference that designing this system now would prepare mankind of future technological advances. "The whole ides is to create an architecture so the design works anywhere. I don't know where we're going to have to put it but my guess is that we'll be going out there some time," Cerf said. "If you think 100 years from now, it is entirely possible that what will be purely research 50 years from now will become commercialized./

单选题Caution seems the watchword among the institutional investors surveyed in our latest portfolio poll. The allocation of money between equities, bonds and cash has. on average, remained at the same levels as it did during the third quarter. While Lehman Brothers and Commerz International have increased their overall equity allocations. Daiwa has increased its bond allocation. But given the slowdown in the American economy, it is the reaction of our investors to American equity holdings that is worthy of note. While three of them. including Lehman Brothers, take a dim view of the prospects for American shares, the other four have either marginally increased their allocations, or have maintained them at the same levels as in the previous quarter. Lehman Brothers seems to have decided that the prospect for German shares is better than it is for American ones. Its allocation for American equities dropped by seven percentage points, to 45% of its equity holdings; while its German share portfolio increased by six percentage points, to 11%. Lehman's share allocation to America has dropped, even as its overall equity holdings have increased. Daiwa and Standard Life are the other two that have cut back on American equities. But Credit Suisse continues to be a cheerleader for American shares. Following its ten percentage-point increase in the third quarter, the Swiss firm increased its exposure to American equities once again in the fourth quarter. Commerz International appears to share Credit Suisse's bullish outlook: its American equity holdings have increased by four percentage points, to 490. Julius Baer is extremely bullish on American equities, with 60% of its equity funds parked there. But the average American equity holdings, among our institutional investors dropped by a percentage point in the fourth quarter. British equities seem to have become attractive—all our investors have increased their allocations. Credit Suisse, which in the third quarter cut its investment in British shares, appears to have changed its mind. It has increased its allocation by four percentage points, taking the total to 9%. On the other hand. Japanese shares have been given the thumbs-down: all our investors save Julius Baer (unchanged) and Credit Suisse (slightly up) have moved funds out of Japanese equities. It is a relatively similar story for Japanese bonds, where everybody apart from Commerz International has either dropped their yen-denominated bond holdings, or kept them unchanged. Robeco Group seems decidedly bearish, for it has sharply, cut its allocation, from 24% to 15%. Lehman Brothers. appears to have got the timing right, by raising its allocation of dollar-denominated bonds in the fourth quarter. Its increase was followed by the Fed interest-rate cut on January 3rd. Will Lehman's bearish timing prove right for American shares, too?

单选题Some oil companies plan to get rid of some of the pollution they produce by pumping it into rocks deep inside the Earth, where they say it will stay for thousands of years. Other people, though, aren't so sure this is advisable; environmental groups say that putting this pollution back into the Earth is a bad idea. When oil burns, it doesn't just produce heat: it also produces carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide is a natural part of the air, but because people burn so much oil, there's too much carbon dioxide in the air. This extra carbon dioxide is pollution; some scientific studies show that carbon dioxide is one of the "greenhouse gases 'that is causing the Earth's temperature to rise. Environmentalists say that the oil companies' plans may not work. The oil companies say they are making sure that the gas will never escape, but environmentalists wonder how the oil companies can be so sure that the gas won' t seep into the air. They also point out that there's no way to check to make sure the gas isn't leaking. In addition, the environmentalists point out that the pumping costs money—for research and for equipment—that the oil companies should be spending on preventing pollution, rather than on just moving it someplace else. Another problem, say some people who are concerned about the Earth, is that if the oil companies find a cheap way to get rid of their pollution, they won' t look for new kinds of energy. These environmentalists say that energy companies should be researching ways to use hydrogen, wind power, and solar power instead of finding better ways to use oil. They argue that continuing to use oil means that we will still need to buy oil from other countries instead of producing our own cheap, clean energy. Environmentalists also say that burying pollution just pushes the problem into the future, rather than really solving it. They say that if the oil companies pump carbon dioxide into the rocks inside the Earth, it will be there for thousands of years, and that no one knows if this plan—even if it works—might turn into a pollution problem for all of us in the future. The oil companies insist that their plan is safe, and that putting the gas inside the Earth is a reasonable way to deal with it. They point out that there is a lot of room in the Earth for this extra gas, and that putting carbon dioxide inside the Earth means that the gas won' t be in the air, and if it' s not in the air, it won' t make the Earth warmer.

单选题This book is written expressly for students in an attempt to present the material that is most useful and interesting to them. Previous courses in chemistry are not necessary for the understanding of the material, although those students who have had high school chemistry will find that a review of the inorganic section will better enable them to master the organic and biochemistry sections that follow. The author has felt that in the past there was an improper selection of material from inorganic, organic, and biochemistry in the majority of the textbooks of chemistry for nurse. The tendency has been to develop the inorganic chemistry to such an extent that organic and biochemistry is covered too briefly. The recent advances in biochemistry and their widespread application to the practice of medicine and nursing have considerably altered the situation. Not only is biochemistry more closely allied to the practical chemistry of medicine and nursing but also it is of more interest to the student. In the author's experience the response to biochemistry has always been more favorable than to the other sections. Within the brief period allotted to chemistry, therefore, the sections on inorganic, organic, and biochemistry should be so arranged that a good share of the time is spent in the study of biochemistry. This book presents mainly those fundamentals of inorganic and organic chemistry that are necessary for the understanding of the section on biochemistry. The fundamental points suggested in the Curriculum Guide are included in the book, with some additions in the biochemistry section. The author feels that a study of urine, vitamins, nutrition, and hormones is so obviously a part of biochemistry that at least the fundamentals should be included in this course. The book has been planned in such a way that it may be adapted to various courses in chemistry. The material suggested by the Curriculum Guide is covered in the first nineteen chapters and may be used in accelerated courses or where minimum time is allotted to chemistry. When the time allotted to the course is sixty to ninety hours, the entire contents of the book may be used to advantage. While the book has been written especially to fit the needs of Schools of Nursing, it could readily be applied in instances where students are required to take but one course in chemistry. The apathetic attitude of nonprofessional students toward a course in inorganic chemistry may well be overcome by the proper presentation of material selected from inorganic, organic, and biochemistry.