问答题{{U}}Women make up 40 percent of tile world's work force in agriculture, a quarter in industry, and a third in services.{{/U}} Women farmers in the developing countries grow at least 50 percent of the world' s food, as much as 80 percent in some African countries. 47){{U}} In addition to income and generating activities( in cash and kind}, women's household activities include caring for the sick, house maintenance, and such vital work as caring for children, preparing food, and fetching firewood and water.{{/U}} Yet women's productivity remains low. A woman works both in income-generating work and in home production. Improving women' s productivity can contribute to growth, efficiency, and poverty reduction? A key development goals everywhere. 48){{U}} Investing in women -- in education, health, family planning -- is thus an important part of development strategy as well as a matter of social justice.{{/U}} It is an integral part of the World Bank' s overall strategy for poverty reduction that calls for broadly based, labor-absorbing economic growth and improved human resource development. 49){{U}} If long - term change in the conditions of women is to be achieved, the actions and attitudes of men must change and it is important that men be brought along in the process of change.{{/U}} For example, family planning information campaigns should be aimed at men as well as women because it is when men and women are able to make joint informed decisions on family size, child spacing, and appropriate methods of contraception, that these programs are most successful. Likewise, problems affecting women are often close-related to the social relationships between men and women. 50){{U}} For example, many women' s health problems are embedded in unequal gender relation in work loads, responsibilities for family welfare, and access to resources and decision-making; it is impossible to deal effectively with women's health problems through approaches that deal only with women.{{/U}}

问答题Directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould1)describethedrawingbriefly,2)interpretthesocialphenomenonreflectedbyitandthen3)giveyourpointsofview.YoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. In my children's lifetimes, I believe gorillas, chimpanzees and orangutans will all become extinct in the wild. So the question we have to ask ourselves is this: do we want our children to see only in zoos what used to exist in the real world? (46) {{U}}It is the great apes that will disappear first, because there are so few of them left, and because they're so vulnerable to changes in their habitats.{{/U}} Many of the threats to these animals result from a global economy not local pressures. The threat to the orangutan in Indonesia, for example, is largely a result of deforestation and the risks to primates in Africa result from the timber-trade and the demand for bush-meat. (47) {{U}}The two work together: logging opens up the forest, which means that the bush-meat can be got out fast, to Kinshasa or to London.{{/U}} (48) {{U}}If we want to avoid the disaster scenario, people in developed countries will have to take a global perspective and accept responsibility for the damage export crops such as timber, coffee, cut flowers or even green beans, do to the environment.{{/U}} The challenge is to avoid simply imposing western attitudes on local peoples. Already there are no truly wild places left in the world. (49) {{U}}Looking at wildlife has become the preserve of the middle classes over the last twenty-odd years, and as wild animals become even rarer, so more tourists want to see them.{{/U}} But tour ism alone plainly cannot conserve the world's animals; economic development is the priority. For the future, I suspect that ff you really want to do something about wild life conservation, you would be better off putting your money into women's education rather than just into the protection of flagship species. (50) {{U}}Women often bear the direct costs of wildlife conflict; their knowledge of how to deal with conflict and how to control their own reproductive destinies may yet determine the survival of many threatened species.{{/U}}

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}Studythefollowingpicturecarefullyandwriteanessayto1)describethepicture,2)deducethepurposeofthepainterofthepicture,3)giveyoursuggestionsastohowtocooperateinharmony.Youshouldwriteabout160--200wordsneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.

问答题In a sense, the new protectionism is not protectionism at all, at least not in the traditional sense of the term. The old protectionism referred only to trade restricting and trade expanding devices, such as the tariff or export subsidy. The new protectionism is much broader than this; it includes interventions into foreign trade but is not limited to them. 6 The new protectionism, in fact, refers to how the whole of government intervention into the private economy affects international trade. The emphasis on trade is still there, thus came the term "protection". But what is new is the realization that virtually all government activities can affect international economic relations. 7 The emergence of the new protectionism in the Western world reflects the victory of the interventionist, or welfare economy over the market economy. Jab Tumiler writes, "The old protectionism... coexisted, without any apparent intellectual difficulty with the acceptable of the market as a national as well as an international economic distribution mechanism—indeed, protectionists as well as (if only not more than) free traders stood for laissez-faire. 8 Now, as in the 1930"s, protectionism is an expression of a profound skepticism as to the ability of the market to distribute resources and incomes to societies" satisfaction." It is precisely this profound skepticism of the market economy that is responsible for the protectionism. In a market economy, economic change of various colors implies redistribution of resources and incomes. The same opinion in many communities apparently is that such redistributions often are not proper. Therefore, the government intervenes to bring about a more desired result. The victory of the welfare state is almost complete in northern Europe. 9 In Sweden, Norway, Finland, Denmark, and the Netherlands, government intervention in almost all aspects of economic and social life is considered normal. In Great Britain this is only somewhat less true. Government traditionally has played a very active role in economic life in France and continued to do so. Only West Germany dares to go against the tide towards excessive interventionism in Western Europe. It also happens to be the most successful Western European economy. 10 The welfare state has made significant progress in the United States as well as in Western Europe, social security, unemployment insurance, minimum wage laws, and rent control are through now traditional welfare state elements on the American scene.

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. Practically speaking, the artistic maturing of the cinema was the single-handed achievement of David W. Griffith (1875-1948). (46){{U}}Before Griffith, photography in dramatic films consisted of little more than placing the actors before a stationary camera and showing them in full length as they would have appeared on stage.{{/U}} From the beginning of his career as a director, however, Griffith, because of his love of Victorian painting, employed composition. He conceived of the camera image as having a foreground and a rear ground, as well as the middle distance preferred by most directors. By 1910 he was using close-ups to reveal significant details of the scene or of the acting and extreme long shots to achieve a sense of spectacle and distance. His appreciation of the camera' s possibilities produced novel dramatic effects. (47) {{U}}By splitting an event into fragments and recording each from the most suitable camera position, he could significantly vary the emphasis from camera shot to camera shot.{{/U}} Griffith also achieved dramatic effects by means of creative editing. By juxtaposing images and varying the speed and rhythm of their presentation, he could control tile dramatic intensity of the events as the story progressed. (48) {{U}}Despite the reluctance of his producers, who feared that the public would not be able to follow a plot that was made up of such juxtaposed images, Griffith persisted, and experimented as well with other elements of cinematic syntax that have become standard ever since. {{/U}}These included the flashback, permitting broad psychological and emotional exploration as well as narrative that was not chronological, and the crosscut between two parallel actions to heighten suspense and excitement. In thus exploiting fully the possibilities of editing, Griffith transposed devices of the Victorian novel to film and gave film mastery of time as well as space. Besides developing the cinema's language, Griffith immensely broadened its range and treatment of subjects. (49) {{U}}His early output was remarkably eclectic: it included not only the standard comedies, melodramas, westerns, and thrillers, but also such novelties as adaptations from Browning and Tennyson, and treatments of social issues.{{/U}} As his successes mounted, his ambitions grew, and with them the whole of American cinema. When he remade Enoch Arden in 1911, he insisted that a subject of such importance could not be treated in the then conventional length of one reel. Griffith' s introduction of the American-made multi-reel picture began an immense revolution. Two years later, Judith of Bethulia, an elaborate historic philosophical spectacle, reached the unprecedented length of four reels, or one hour' s running time. (50) {{U}}From our contemporary viewpoint, the pretensions of this film may seem a little ridiculous, but at the time it provoked endless debate and discussion and gave a newintellectual respectability to the cinema.{{/U}}

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} You and your friend just arrived home from a trip arranged by a travel agency named HappyTours. You are most unsatisfied with the service and arrangement of the travel agency and you decide to write a letter of complaint to the Manager of HappyTours. Imagine some details of this trip. Write your letter in no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use" Li Ming" instead. Do not write the address.

问答题Directions: Write a letter to the president of your university to 1) point out the problems of the canteen service on the campus, and 2) make suggestions for improvement. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. Do not write the address.

问答题Directions:Writeanessayof160--200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould1)describethedrawingbriefly,2)explainitsintendedmeaning,and3)supportyourviewwithanexample/examples.YoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.

问答题Directions:Thefollowingisapictureaboutleadership.Writeanessayof160～200wordsbasedonthepicture.Inthecompositionyoushould:1)explainthepicture;2)discussthemessageitconveys,and3)giveyourcomments.

问答题Directions: Write an essay according to the following title, in which you should: 1) give your comment; 2) write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. What Lessons Can Chinese Draw from SARS? Note: SARS: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndromes. (严重急性呼吸道综合征) You should write about 160--200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.

问答题Directions: Suppose you are Li Ming. One week ago, you borrowed a book from your teacher Mr. Smith, which is very important to him. But much to your disappointment, you lost the book. Now you want to write a letter of apology to him. Your letter should include the following: 1) a sincere apology, 2) a brief account of the trouble, and 3) any possible replacement. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. Do not write the address.

问答题One of the strangest aspects of the mechanical approach to life is the widespread lack of concern about the danger of total destruction by nuclear weapons; a possibility people are consciously aware of. The explanation, I believe, is that they are more proud of than frightened by the gadgets of mass destruction. (46) Also they are so frightened of their personal failure and humiliation that their anxiety about personal matters prevents them from feeling anxiety about the possibility that everybody and everything maybe destroyed. Perhaps total destruction is even more attractive than total insecurity and never ending personal anxiety. Am I suggesting that modern man is doomed and that we should return to the pre industrial mode of production or to nineteenth century "free enterprise" capitalism? Certainly not. Problems are never solved by returning to a stage which one has already outgrown. (47) I suggest transforming our Social system from a bureaucratically managed industrialism in which maximal production and consumption are ends in themselves into a humanist industrialism in which man and the full development of his potentialities--those of love and of reason--are the aims of all social arrangements. Production and consumption should serve only as means to this end, and should be prevented from ruling man. To attain this goal we need to create a Renaissance of Enlightenment and of Humanism. It must be an Enlightenment, however, more radically realistic and critical than that of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. It must be a Humanism that aims at the full development of the total man, not the gadget man, not the consumer man, not the organization man. The aim of a humanist society is the man who loves life, who has faith in life, who is productive and independent. (48) Such a transformation is possible if we recognize that our present way of life makes us sterile and eventually destroys the vitality necessary for survival. (49) Whether such transformation is likely is another matter. But we will not be able to succeed unless we see the alternatives clearly and realize that the choice is still 'ours. Dissatisfaction with our way of life is the first step toward changing it. As to these changes, one thing is certain: They must take place in all spheres simultaneously--in the economic,, the social, the political and the spiritual. (50) Change in only one sphere will lead into blind alleys, as did the purely political French Revolution and the purely economic Russian Revolution.

问答题Directions:Title: How to Make a Good Speech in English?Outline:1. The importance of speaking English well is known to all.2. The chief thing about speaking in English is to be brave to speak it.3. Sum up your points of view.You should write about 160-200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.