问答题In my children's lifetimes, I believe gorillas, chimpanzees and orangutans will all become extinct in the wild. So the question we have to ask ourselves is this: do we want our children to see only in zoos what used to exist in the real world? (46) It is the great apes that will disappear first, because there are so few of them left, and because they're so vulnerable to changes in their habitats. Many of the threats to these animals result from a global economy not local pressures. The threat to the orangutan in Indonesia, for example, is largely a result of deforestation and the risks to primates in Africa result from the timber-trade and the demand for bush-meat. (47) The two work together: logging opens up the forest, which means that the bush-meat can be got out fast, to Kinshasa or to London. (48) If we want to avoid the disaster scenario, people in developed countries will have to take a global perspective and accept responsibility for the damage export crops such as timber, coffee, cut flowers or even green beans, do to the environment. The challenge is to avoid simply imposing western attitudes on local peoples. Already there are no truly wild places left in the world. (49) Looking at wildlife has become the preserve of the middle classes over the last twenty-odd years, and as wild animals become even rarer, so more tourists want to see them. But tour ism alone plainly cannot conserve the world's animals; economic development is the priority. For the future, I suspect that ff you really want to do something about wild life conservation, you would be better off putting your money into women's education rather than just into the protection of flagship species. (50) Women often bear the direct costs of wildlife conflict; their knowledge of how to deal with conflict and how to control their own reproductive destinies may yet determine the survival of many threatened species.

问答题Directions:Studythefollowingchartscarefullyandwriteanarticle.Inyourarticle,youshouldcoverthefollowingpoints:1)describethephenomenon;2)analyzethephenomenonandgiveyourcommentonit.Youshouldwriteabout160-200wordsneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.

问答题 Directions: Two days ago, you witnessed a robbery case when you were dining in a fast-food restaurant. As an eye-witness of that case, now you write a brief account of the crime to a police officer. You writing should be based on the following outline. 1) specific description of the scene 2) and your reactions. Write your letter in no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter, use "Li Ming" instead. Do not write the address.

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshouldfirstdescribethedrawing,theninterpretitsmeaning,andgiveyourcommentonit.YoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.(20points)

问答题 Directions: Title: Idol of This Age: Bill Gates or Lei Fang Outline: the present state, your opinion, and your reasons. You should write about 160--200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.

问答题Directions: You made a travel with a travel agency a few days ago and you were disappointed with its service. Write a letter to the related department to: 1) complain about their bad service; 2) prompt your suggestions. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. You do not need to write the address.

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on Answer Sheet 2. A college student becomes so compulsive about cleaning his dorm room that his grades begin to slip. An executive living in New York has a mortal fear of snakes but lives in Manhattan and rarely goes outside the city where he might encounter one. A computer technician, deeply anxious around strangers, avoids social and company gatherings and is passed over for promotion. Are these people mentally ill? (46) {{U}}In a report released last week, researchers estimated that more than half of Americans would develop mental disorders in their lives, raising questions about where mental health ends and illness begins.{{/U}} (47){{U}} In fact, psychiatrists have no good answer, and the boundary between mental illness and normal mental struggle has become a battle line dividing the profession into two viscerally opposed camps.{{/U}} On one side are doctors who say that the definition of mental illness should be broad enough to include mild conditions, which can make people miserable and often lead to more severe problems later. (48) {{U}}On the other are experts who say that the current definitions should be tightened to ensure that limited resources go to those who need them the most and to preserve the profession's credibility with a public that often scoffs at claims that large numbers of Americans have mental disorders.{{/U}} The question is not just philosophical: where psychiatrists draw the line may determine not only the willingness of insurers to pay for services, but the future of research on moderate and mild mental disorders. (49) {{U}}Directly and indirectly, it will also shape the decisions of millions of people who agonize over whether they or their loved ones are in need of help, merely eccentric or dealing with ordinary life struggles.{{/U}} "This argument is heating up right now," said Dr. Darrel Regier, director of research at the American Psychiatric Association, "because we're in the process of revising the diagnostic manual," the catalog of mental disorders on which research, treatment and the profession itself are based. The next edition of the manual is expected to appear in 2010 or 2011, "and there's going continued debate in the scientific community about what the cut-points of clinical disease are," Dr. Regier said. Psychiatrists have been searching for more than a century for some biological marker for mental disease, to little avail. (50) {{U}}Although there is promising work in genetics and brain imaging, researchers are not likely to have anything resembling a blood test for a mental illness soon, leaving them with what they have always had: observations of behavior, and patients' answers to questions about how they feel and how severe their condition is.{{/U}}

问答题Directions: Suppose you are a visitor. When you were in Shanghai, you got a help from Li Qiang. Write a letter to him to express your gratitude. Your letter should include: 1) State your experience and your purpose. 2) Explain your feelings and expressions. 3) Express your thanks. You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. You do not need to write the address.

问答题Rome, June 13—A law that imposes strict rules on assisted fertility will remain on the books, after the failure on Monday of a hard-fought referendum that rubbed into one of Italy's sorest spots: the relationship between church and state. (46)The fight leading up to two days of voting on Sunday and Monday mobilized the nation's political and religious establishments like few others, as the leadership of the Roman Catholic Church—including the new pope, Benedict XVI—urged Italians to boycott the referendum. In the end, the outcome was not even close. Only 26 percent of as many as 50 million eligible Italians voted, meaning that the referendum automatically failed, with the votes uncounted, in its attempt to repeal four crucial sections of a restrictive fertility law passed last year. For the referendum to be valid, 50 percent of eligible voters had to take part. (47)The results would seem an immediate victory for the church and for the young papacy(教皇权利) of Benedict, in a Europe where church influence has declined significantly in recent decades. Similar referendums in Italy on divorce and abortion in the 1970's and 80's passed overwhelmingly despite church opposition, and Italians now seem likely to debate whether apathy or a reverse in secularism in the home of the Roman Catholic Church defeated this referendum. "The results of today mean that Italy is maybe more similar to Texas than to Massachusetts ,' said Rocco Buttiglione, Italy's culture minister and a friend of Pope Benedict. "Italians want a democracy with values—at values human life—and that is why they rejected this referendum." For the church, the results seemed especially important since the referendum concerned issues central to church teachings on values. (48)The fertility law, passed here under church lobbying last year, defines life as beginning at conception and bans most experimentation on human embryos(胚胎). "I'm struck by the maturity of the Italian people,' Cardinal Camillo Ruini, president of the Italian bishops' conference, told reporters, according to Reuters. Cardinal Ruini, a top Vatican official and close aide to Benedict, regularly urged Italians to abstain from the referendum. (49) Conceding a heavy defeat. the political forces that supported the referendum characterized the results as a blow to the walls between church and state. They warned that the church would next set its sights on Italy's abortion law. "There is a problem of the climate, of the atmosphere in this country," Emma Bonino, a leader of the Radical Party who spearheaded the fight for legalized abortion in the early 1980's, told reporters. "It is not secular, and it's very worrying." (50)But some experts cautioned against reading too much into the results, noting that Italy is a particular nation, where church and state are entwined like nowhere else; that a battle over abortion would be much more difficult; that a similar fight seemed unlikely to gain ground elsewhere in Europe.

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. Man first appeared on the earth about 2 million years ago. Then he was little more than an animal; but early man had a big advantage over the animals. He had in his brain special groups of nerve cells, not present in animals that enabled him to invent a language and use it to communicate with his fellow men. 46) {{U}}This ability to speak was of great value because it allowed men to share ideas, and to plan together, so that tasks impossible for a single person could be successfully undertaken by intelligent team-work.{{/U}} Speech also enabled ideas to be passed on from generation to generation so that the stock of human knowledge slowly increased. It was this special ability that put men far ahead of other living creatures in the struggle for existence. 47) {{U}}He mastered darkness first with dim lights and later with brighter and brighter lamps, until he can now make for himself so dazzling a light with an are lamp that, like the sun, it is too strong for his naked eyes.{{/U}} 48) {{U}}Man found that his own muscles were too weak for the work which he wanted to do; he explored many other forms of power until now he has his hands on the ultimate source of physical energy, the nuclear power.{{/U}} From man's earliest days the flight of birds has raised his wonder and desire. Why should he not fly as they did? Then he began to experiment. At last he learnt how to make the right machines to carry him through the air. Now he can fly faster than sound. Already he has plans for conquering space, and a series of experiments has been completed. 49) {{U}}It will not be long now before man takes a giant step away from his planet and visits the moon, learning what it is like to have no weight to his body, no upward direction and no downward.{{/U}} Man, always a wanderer, has to overcome the difficulty of adapting himself to different climates. 50) {{U}}Fortunately, in spite of having no. thick skin or warm fur to protect him, he is peculiarly strong compared with other living creatures, most of whom are unable to live far outside the region that suits them best.{{/U}}

问答题Directions: Yesterday you failed to turn up for the appointment with your teacher, Professor Wang. Write him a note of apology and make a request for another meeting. You should also suggest the time for the requested meeting. Write your letter with no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use "Li Ming" instead. You do not need to write the address. ( 10 points)

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. There is an old saying that philosophy bakes no bread. It is perhaps equally true that no bread would ever have been baked without philosophy. For the act of baking implies a decision on the philosophical issue of whether life is worthwhile at all. Bakers may not have often asked themselves the question in so many words. {{U}}{{U}} 1 {{/U}}{{/U}}{{U}}But philosophy traditionally has been nothing less than the attempt to ask and answer, in a formal and disciplined way, the great questions of life that ordinary men might put to themselves in reflective moments{{/U}}. In a world of war and change, of principles armed with bombs and technology searching for principles, the alarming thing is not what philosophers say but what they fail to say. {{U}}{{U}} 2 {{/U}}{{/U}}{{U}}When reason is overturned, blind passions are unrestrained, and urgent questions mount, men turn for guidance to scientists, sociologists, politicians, journalists—almost anyone except their traditional guide, the philosopher{{/U}}. Ironically, the once remote theologians are in closer touch with humanity's immediate and intense concerns than most philosophers. Many feel that the "queen of sciences" has been dethroned. Once all sciences were part of philosophy's domain, but gradually, from physics to psychology, they seceded and established themselves as independent disciplines. Above all, for some time now, philosophy itself has been engaged in a vast revolt against its own past and against its traditional function. {{U}}{{U}} 3 {{/U}}{{/U}}{{U}}This intellectual clearance may well have been necessary, but as a result contemporary philosophy looks inward at its own problems rather than outward at men, and philosophizes about philosophy, not about life{{/U}}. A great many of his colleagues in the U.S. today would agree with Donald Kalish, chairman of the philosophy department at U.C.L.A., who says: "There is no system of philosophy to spin out. There are no ethical truths, there are just clarifications of particular ethical problems. You are mistaken to think that anyone ever had the answers. There are no answers." {{U}}{{U}} 4 {{/U}}{{/U}}{{U}}As a result, philosophy today is bitterly separated, and most of the major philosophy departments and scholarly journals are the exclusive property of one sect or another{{/U}}. {{U}}{{U}} 5 {{/U}}{{/U}}{{U}}Chances are, however, that philosophy will learn to coexist with science and reach is delayed maturity, provided it resolutely insists on being a separate discipline dealing publicly and intelligibly in first-order questions{{/U}}. Caution is bound to remain. Instead of one-man systems, philosophy in the future will probably consist of a dialogue of many thinkers, each seeking to explore to the fullest one aspect of a common problem.

问答题Directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthedrawing.Inyouressay,youshould1)describethedrawingbriefly,2)interpretitsintendedmeaning,and3)giveyourcomments.YoushouldwriteitneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.