问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}Writeanessayof160--200wordsbasedonthefollowing.Inyouressay,youshould1)describethepicturebriefly,2)explainitsintendedmeaning,andthen3)supportyourviewwithanexample/examples.YoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.

问答题 Our daily existence is divided into two phases, as distinct as day and night. We call them work and play. We work many hours a day and we allow the necessary minimum for such activities as eating and shopping. 46) {{U}}The rest we spend in various activities which are known as recreations, an elegant word which disguises the fact that we usually do not even play in our hours of leisure, but spend them in various forms of passive enjoyment or entertainment.{{/U}} We need to make, therefore, a hard-and-fast distinction not only between work and play but, equally, between active play and passive entertainment. 47) {{U}}It is, I suppose, the decline of active play — of amateur sport — and the enormous growth of purely receptive entertainment which have given rise to a sociological interest in the problem{{/U}}. If the greater part of the population, instead of indulging in sport, spend their hours of leisure "viewing" television programs, there will inevitably be a decline in health and physique. In addition, we have yet to trace the mental and moral consequences of prolonged diet of sentimental or sensational spectacles on the screen. 48) {{U}}There is, if we are optimistic, the possibility that the diet is too thin and unnourishing to have much permanent effect on anybody.{{/U}} Nine films out of ten seem to leave absolutely no impression on the mind or imagination of those who have seen them. 49) {{U}}It is only when entertainment is active, participated in, practiced, that it can properly be called play, and as such it is a natural use of leisure.{{/U}} In that sense play stands in contrast to work, and is usually regarded as an activity that alternates with work. Work itself is not a single concept. We say quite generally that we work in order to make a living. Some of us work physically, tilling the land, minding the machines, digging the coal; others work mentally, keeping accounts, inventing machines, teaching and preaching, managing and governing. 50) {{U}}There does not seem to be any factor common to all these diverse occupations, except that they consume our time, and leave us little leisure.{{/U}}

问答题Directions: Write an announcement to your schoolmates, informing them an off-campus activity on September 18th You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use "Li Ming" instead. Do not write the address.

问答题 At this time of year especially, weather is on everyone's mind-and on everyone's tongue. {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}It is the material for the conversation of board chairman and bored cleaning woman, of young and old, of the bright, the dull, the rich and the poor.{{/U}} As ff this basic coin of conversation needed to be gilded, the average American constantly reads about the weather in his newspapers and magazines, listens to regular forecasts of it on the radio and watches while some TV prophet milks it for cuteness on the evening news. {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}Since the weather is to man what the waters are to fish, his preoccupation with it serves a unique purpose, constituting a social phenomenon all its own{{/U}}. Far from arising merely to pass the time or bridge a silence, "weathertalk," as it might be called, is a sort of code by which people confirm and salute the sense of community they discover in the face of the weather's implacable influence. Inspired by exceptional weather, otherwise immutable strangers suddenly find themselves in communion. {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}As victims, people hate to cancel a picnic on account of rain, and yet they often cheer when the weather brings human activity to an abrupt stop{{/U}}. Most feel that the weather indeed affects their moods. If man sees the weather differently according to his circumstance, healthy fear works at the hub of his obsession with it. Through human history, weather has altered the march of events and caused some mighty cataclysms. Every year brings fresh reminders of the weather's power over human life and events in the form of horrifying tornadoes, hurricanes and floods. No wonder, then, that man's great dream has been some day to control the weather. {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}With computers on tap and electronic eyes in the sky, modern man has thus come far in dealing with the weather, alternately his enemy and benefactor, yet man's difficulty today is not too far removed from that of his remote ancestors.{{/U}} For all the advances of scientific forecasting, in spite of the thousands of daily bulletins and advisories that get flashed about, the weather is still ultimately unstable and unpredictable. Man's dream of controlling it is still just that-a dream. The very idea of control, in fact, raises enormous and troublesome questions. {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}{{U}}The vision of scheduled weather also raises ambiguous feelings among the world's billions of weather fans and poses at least one irresistible question: If weather were as predictable as holidays and eclipses, what in the world would everyone talk about?{{/U}}

问答题Directions:A.Studythefollowingpicturescarefullyandwriteanessayinnolessthan160--200words.B.YouressaymustbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.C.Youressayshouldmeettherequirementsbelow:1)Describethepictures,2)interpretthesetofthefollowingpictures,giveyourcomments,and3)pointoutitsimplicationsinourlife.

问答题Directions: For some reason, you need to borrow a book from your classmate Kate. Write a letter to her to describe the book (The Composition of American Higher Education Investment) you want to borrow, specify by when the book will be returned, and express your gratitude. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. Do not write the address.

问答题AMGEN, the world's biggest biotechnology company, made its fortune from a drug that fortifies the blood of patients who are undergoing dialysis. On December 17th, the California company acquired some new blood of its own with the purchase of Immunex, a Seattle-based biotechnology company, for $16 billion. This deal, a biotech-industry record, gives Amgen a firm footing in the multibillion-dollar market in inflammation control. Immunex's most profitable product is Enbrel, a treatment for rheumatoid arthritis.(46) Amgen hopes to triple the drug's sales to more than $3 billion by 2005, widening its use to other diseases and overcoming manufacturing constraints that have kept the drug in short supply. With this takeover, Immunex passes from one parent to another. American Home Products (AHP) holds 41% of the shares, and has given the firm sales and marketing support. (47)But AHP (American Household Products) has been selling down its stake since last year, in part to finance a $3.8 billion settlement of claims against its diet drugs. (48)Although Amen calls itself a biotech company, its market capitalisation of around $62 billion makes it larger than Pharmacia and several other well-known mainstream drug companies, traditionally considered the big brothers of biotech. But Amgen likes to think of itself as less bureaucratic and more entrepreneurial than its pharmaceutical brethren, and it is free of such big-pharma woes as imminent patent expiry. (49)However, as J ose2oh Dougherty, a biotech analyst at Lehman Brothers, points out, -Amgen will find it hard to retain the freedom of its youth as it strives to expand its sales by more than 30% a year.Historically, pharmaceutical companies have used their deep pockets to buy biotech companies. Now. increasingly, biotech companies are buying each other (see chart). Such industry consolidation is driven by strategy rather than desperation, according to Scott Morrison. a consultant with Ernst & Young. (50)Companies are pooling their resources to build scale in research and development, and in sales, or to fill holes-in their product pipelines, as Amgen has just done. With almost 1,400 biotech companies in America, and a comparable number in Europe, there is plenty of room for more togetherness.

问答题Directions:Writeanessayof160—200wordsbasedonthefollowingphoto.Inyouressay,youshould1)describethephotobriefly,speculatingaboutwhatsheisthinkingof,2)statedifferentviewsonparttimejobs,and3)giveyourowncomment.YoushouldwriteitneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}Studythefollowingtwopicturescarefullyandwriteanessayinwhichyoushould:1)describethecartoon,pointoutthemessageconveyed;2)giveyourcomment.Youshouldwriteabout160-200wordsneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.

问答题Directions: Suppose that Jack, a friend of yours, has invited you to his birthday party, but you cannot go for some reasons. Write a letter to make an apology to him. 1) Give your suggestions, and explain the reasons, 2) Other recommendation. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use" Zhang Wei" instead. Do not write your address.

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}{{I}} Write an announcement to your schoolmates, informing them an off-campus activity on September 18th You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use "Li Ming" instead. Do not write the address. {{/I}}

问答题Directions:Therehasrecentlybeenadiscussioninanewspaperontheissueofchallenge.Writeanessaytothenewspaperto1.showyourunderstandingofthesymbolicmeaningofthepicturebelow1)thecontentofthepicture2)themeaning/yourunderstanding2.giveaspecificexample/comment,and3.giveyoursuggestionastothebestwaytotreatchallenge.Youshouldneatlywrite160--200wordsonANSWERSHEET2.

问答题Directions:Suppose you were a tourist in a strange city. You left your video camera in the hotel room and didn't notice it until you arrived home. Write a letter to the hotel, asking them to send it to you? Tell them the type of the camera and other necessary information about this event. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not .sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. You do not need to write the address.

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}{{I}} Suppose you a staff member of a company. Write a letter of complaint to the president to report the problems of the company canteen service.{{/I}} You should write 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. You do not need to write your address.

问答题 Do students learn from programmed instruction? The research leaves us in no doubt of this. They do, indeed, learn. 46.{{U}} Many kinds of students learn -- college, high school, secondary, primary, preschool, adult, professional, skilled labor, clerical employees, military, deaf, retarded imprisoned- every kind of students that programs have been tried on{{/U}}. Using programs, these students are able to learn mathematics and science at different levels, foreign languages, English language correctness, spelling, electronics, computer science, psychology, statistics, business skills, reading skills, instrument flying rules, and many other subjects; the limits of the topics which can be studied efficiently by means of programs are not yet known. For each of the kinds of subject matter and the kinds of student mentioned above, experiments have demonstrated that a considerable amount of learning can be derived from programs; this learning has been measured either by comparing pre-and post-tests or the time and trials needed to reach a set criterion of performance. 47. {{U}}But the question, how well do students learn from programs as compared to how well they learn from other kinds of instruction, we cannot answer quite confidently{{/U}}. Experimental psychologists typically do not take very seriously the evaluative experiments in which learning from programs is compared with learning from conventional teaching. Such experiments are doubtlessly useful, they say, for school administrators or teachers to prove to themselves (or their boards of education) that programs work. 48. {{U}}But whereas one can describe fairly well the characteristics of a program, can one describe the characteristics of a classroom teaching situation so that the result of the comparison will have any generality{{/U}}? What kind of teacher is being compared to what kind of program? Furthermore, these early evaluative experiments with programs are likely to suffer from the Hawthorne effect; that is to say, students are in the spotlight when testing something new, and are challenged to do well. 49. {{U}}It is very hard to make allowance for this effect; therefore, the evaluative tests may be useful administratively, say many of the experiments, but do not contribute much to science, and should properly be kept for private use{{/U}}. These objections are well taken. And yet, do they justify us in ignoring the evaluative studies? The great strength of a program is that it permits the student to learn efficiently by himself. 50. {{U}}Is it not therefore important to know how much and what kind of skills, concepts, insights, or attitudes he can learn by himself from a program as compared to what he can learn from a teacher?{{/U}} Admittedly, this is a very difficult and complex research problem, but that should not keep us from trying to solve it.

问答题There are many innovations turning up in the latest experimental and production electric cars, affecting everything from batteries to motors to control systems. The need to make them all work together is prompting a complete rethink about the way cars should be designed and manufactured, and it is unclear which technologies will dominate as the constraints imposed by internal combustion engines give way to the new limits and possibilities associated with electric propulsion. (46) But one group of engineers have stuck their necks out and declared that a particular technology, the electric hub motor, is likely to become the most widely used drive system. At this week's Deutsche Messe technology show in Hanover, researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute displayed an electric vehicle which they are using as a test platform to investigate new vehicle systems. (47) It includes electric hub motors, which they have developed to be markedly more powerful than any such motors currently available. The motors have all the necessary power and control systems integrated into the wheel hub, greatly reducing the number of connections between the hub motors and the rest of the vehicle. (48) Because hub motors can deliver power independently to each wheel, tricks like four-wheel-drive are possible, and with software monitoring each wheel, stability and traction control can also be built-in. Besides dispensing with the traditional engine bay on a car, hub motors save space and weight because there is no need for a mechanical transmission, with its driveshafts and differential units. (49) Some critics of the technology think having heavy electric motors in the wheels of cars will have a negative effect on vehicle handling. But Hermann Pleteit, a project manager with one of the 33 Fraunhofer research centres that have teamed up to work on the experimental car, says the chassis and many other parts of the vehicle can be configured in such a way to compensate for this. Several carmakers and component suppliers are interested in hub motors. Michelin, for one, is developing a system it calls the Active Wheel. (50) As well as an electric motor to drive the wheel, it contains a second electric motor to operate an active suspension system that is also built into the wheel hub. Michelin reckons this arrangement, which is now being tested in cars, could make other conventional parts, like shock absorbers, unnecessary.

问答题Ask someone to name a famous psychologist, and chances are they will pick Sigmund Freud. His ideas about the unconscious—a sort of shadowy basement of the mind that is inaccessible to rational thought, but which nevertheless influences people's behaviour—are part of popular folklore. Although it remained popular at dinner parties, the idea of the unconscious fell out of favour among 20th-century psychologists, thanks to the rise of more scientific approaches to psychology. These focused purely on studying behaviour and refrained from theorising about the inner workings of the mind. In his latest book, "Subliminal", Leonard Mlodinow, a theoretical physicist, shows how the idea of the unconscious has become respectable again over the past couple of decades. This development has been helped by rigorous experimental evidence of the effects of the subconscious and, especially, by real-time brain-scanning technology that allows researchers to examine what is going on in their subjects' heads. That experimental evidence suggests that, as Freud suspected, conscious reasoning makes up a comparatively small part. of the activity in our brains, with most of the work taking place where we can't tap into it. However, unlike Freud's unconscious, the modern unconscious is a place of super-fast data processing, useful survival mechanisms and rules of thumb about the world that have been trained by millions of years of evolution. It is the unconscious, for instance, that stitches together data on colour, shape, movement and perspective to create the sight enjoyed by the conscious part. of the mind. The modem view of the unconscious mind may be more benign than Freud's, but it can still generate unwelcome impulses. Psychologists theorise that the well-documented tendency of humans to categorise almost every piece of information they come across is a survival mechanism that evolved to aid quick decision making. Yet it may also lie behind the tendency for human beings to group people into races, genders, creeds and the like, and then to apply certain characteristics—unjustifiably—to every member of that group. The insights offered by modem science into the workings of the human mind are fascinating in their own right. But they also suggest that plenty of conventional wisdom about how humans behave may need rethinking. For instance, Mr Mlodinow notes that economic models are built "on the assumption that people make decisions by consciously weighing the relevant factors", whereas the psychological research suggests that, most of the time, they do no such thing. Instead, they act on the basis of simple, unconscious rules that can sometimes produce completely irrational results.