问答题Directions: Your friend Barbara is graduating from Yale University. Now write her a letter to congratulate her and wish her good luck during her new career. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. Do not write the address.

问答题 Directions: Suppose you are a visitor. When you were in Shanghai, you got a help from Li Qiang. Write a letter to him to express your gratitude. Your letter should include: 1) State your experience and your purpose. 2) Explain your feelings and expressions. 3) Express your thanks. You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use 'Li Ming' instead. You do not need to write the address.

问答题Directions:ImagineyouareastudentwhowantstoapplyfortheNewStarscholarshipofferedbyyouruniversity.Writealettertothepersonconcernedwhichshouldinclude(1)thepurposeofwritingtheletter;(2)yourqualificationsforthescholarship;(3)yourthanks:Youshouldwriteabout100words.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use"LiMing"instead.Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.

问答题Japanese firms have achieved the highest levels of manufacturing efficiency in the world automobile industry. 46) Some observers of Japan have assumed that Japanese firms use the same manufacturing equipment and techniques as United States firms but have benefited from the unique characteristics of Japanese employees and the Japanese culture. However, if this were true, then one would expect Japanese auto plants in the United States to perform no better than factories run by United States companies. This is not the case. 47) Japanese-run automobile plants located in the United States and staffed by local workers have demonstrated higher levels of productivity when compared with factories owned by United States companies. Other observers link high Japanese productivity to higher levels of capital investment per worker. But a historical perspective leads to a different conclusion. 48) When the two top Japanese automobile makers matched and then doubled United States productivity levels in the mid-sixties, capital investment per employee was comparable to that of United States firms. Furthermore, by the late seventies, the amount of fixed assets required to produce one vehicle was roughly equivalent in Japan and in the United States. Since capital investment was not higher in Japan, it had to be other factors that led to higher productivity. A more fruitful explanation may lie with Japanese production techniques. Japanese automobile producers did not simply implement conventional processes more effectively; they made critical change in United States procedures. 49) For instance, the mass-production philosophy of United States automakers encouraged the production of huge lots of cars in order to utilize fully expensive, component-specific equipment and to occupy fully workers who have been trained to execute one operation efficiently. Japanese automakers chose to make small-lot production feasible by introducing several departures from United States practices, including the use of flexible equipment that could be altered easily to do several different production tasks and the training of workers in multiple jobs. 50) Automakers could schedule the production of different components or models on single machines, thereby eliminating the need to store the spare stocks of extra components that result when specialized equipment and workers are kept constantly active.

问答题What accounts for the astounding popularity of Dr. Phil McGraw? Why have so many TV viewers and book buyers embraced this tough warrior of a psychologist who tells them to suck it up and deal with their own problems rather than complaining and blaming everyone else? Obviously, Oprah Winfrey has a tot to do with it. She made him famous with regular appearances on her show, and is co-producing the new "Dr. Phil" show that's likely to be the hottest new daytime offering this fall. But we decided to put Dr. Phil on the cover not just because he's a phenomenon. (1) We think his success may reflect an interesting shift in the American spirit of time. Could it be that we're finally getting tired of the culture of victimology? This is a tricky subject, because there are very sad real victims among us. Men still abuse women in alarming numbers. Racism and discrimination persist in subtle and not-so-subtle forms. (2) But these days, almost anyone can find a therapist or lawyer to assure them that their professional relationship or health problems aren't their fault. As Marc Peyser tells us in his terrific profile of Dr. Phil, the TV suits were initially afraid audiences would be offended by his stern advice to "get real!" In fact, viewers thirsted for the tough talk. Privately, we all know we have to take responsibility for decisions we control. It may not be revolutionary advice (and may leave out important factors like unconscious impulses). (3) But it's still an important message with clear echoing as, a year later, we contemplate the personal lessons of September 11. Back at the livestock farm—the one in Crawford, Texas—President Bush continued to issue mixed signals on Iraq. (4) He finally promised to consult allies and Congress before going to war, and signaled an attack isn't coming right now ("I'm a patient man"). But so far there has been little consensus-building, even as the administration talks of "regime change" and positions troops in the gulf. Bush's team also ridiculed the press for giving so much coverage to the Iraq issue. Defense Secretary Rumsfeld called it a "frenzy", and Press Secretary Ari Fleischer dismissed it as "self-inflicted silliness". But as Michael Hirsh notes in our lead story, much of the debate has been inside the Republican Party, (5) where important voices of experience argue Bush needs to prepare domestic and world opinion and think through the global consequences before moving forward. With so much at stake, the media shouldn't pay attention? Now who's being silly?

问答题3. Benefit, dishonest means, trouble.

问答题Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould1)describethedrawingbriefly,2)explainitsintendedmeaning,andthen3)supportyourviewwithanexample/examples.

问答题 Eric Hansen writes about travel as a participating enthusiast rather than a mere observer. (46) {{U}}It gives these nine essays, based on his adventures over the past quarter- century, a resonance and psychological depth not usually seen in more routine travel narratives. {{/U}} (47) {{U}}The reader follows wide-eyed from the armchair as Mr. Hansen journeys from the French Riviera to the South Pacific, India, the United States and Borneo. {{/U}}Each story combines nuanced portraits of memorable characters with lyrical descriptions of human fallibility and generosity. In his wildest tale, Mr. Hansen recounts his time working at a hotel on Thursday Island in the Torres Strait. (48) {{U}}"Seldom," he writes, "does one have the chance to enjoy the company of people who have so completely given themselves over to the cultivation of the low life in such style and with such gusto. " (49) Beyond the booze, broken glass and fist fights, the author learns the history of the island's pearl divers who, in canvas suits and lead-weighted shoes, snatch gold-lip pearl shells from a seabed teeming with sea snakes, giant groupers and saltwater crocodiles. {{/U}} Other stories tell of drinking hallucinogenic kava in Vanuatu; lingering on a beach with a beautiful Maldivian girl in a pleasurable pursuit that the locals call "night fishing"; cooking piroshki with a Moscow Moscow in a tiny manhattan apartment while drug dealers shoot each other in the lobby below; and watching the Indonesian crew of a becalmed tall ship dance on deck to country and western music. (50) {{U}}The most moving story comes from Kolkata (formerly Calcutta), where the author's frustration at the impenetrable bureaucracy when trying to ship his belongings home is put into perspective by his voluntary work at Mother Theresa's home for the dying. {{/U}}Here he bathes, feeds and comforts the inhabitants of the men's ward, where the panic and despair of death are replaced by dignity and humour. This sensitive portrait alone makes this heartfelt collection a magical and uplifting read.

问答题Directions: Suppose you are a witness of a traffic accident, Li Ming. Please write a report to the principal of the Traffic Accident Investigation Unit of the Police Station according to your information: 时间：2004—2—8； 地点：市中心，第二拐角处； 原因：卡车司机开车前饮酒过量，开车头晕，失控撞翻一辆摩托车； 伤亡情况：摩托车司机当场死亡，卡车司机受重伤； 影响：交通中断2小时； 经济损失：2万元。 You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. You do not need to write the address.

问答题Directions: You resided in the Browns when studying abroad in London. Now you have returned to China. Write a thank-you letter to the Browns to 1) express your gratitude, and 2) invite them to China to visit your hometown. You should write about 100 words on {{B}}ANSWER SHEET 2.{{/B}} Do not sign your name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. Do not write the address.

问答题When I was a psychiatric resident, we had a faculty member who was famous for his messy office: stacks of papers and old journals covered every chair and table as well as much of the floor. Eventually, the faculty member had to be given another office in which to see patients. Not surprisingly, the psychiatric diagnostic manual does riot list "messy room" in the index. But it does mention a tantalizing symptom: inability "to discard worn-out or worthless objects even when they have no sentimental value." It comes under the diagnosis obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, an obscure cousin of the more famous obsessive-compulsive disorder(强迫性神经官能症) I was barely aware of the diagnosis. Every era has mental disorders that for cultural or scientific reasons become popular. In Freud's day it was hysteria. Currently, depression has moved to center stage. But other ailments go relatively ignored, and this disorder was one. 46) It came with a list of additional symptoms: anxiety about spending money, excessive devotion to work to the exclusion of leisure activities, rigidity about following rules, perfectionism in doing tasks -- at times to the point of interfering with finishing them. 47)In moderation, the symptoms seemed to fit right in with our workaholic culture -- perhaps explaining the low profile of the diagnosis. Relentless work orientation and perfectionism may even be assets in rule-and-detail-oriented professions like accounting or law. But when the symptoms are too intense or pervasive, they become crippling. Beneath the seemingly adaptive behaviors lies 'a central disability. People with this diagnosis have enormous difficulty in making decisions. 48)They lack the internal sense of completion that most of us experience at the end of a choice or a task, even one as simple as throwing something out or making a purchase. In obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, this feeling occurs only after endless deliberation and revision, if at all. 49) The need to come up with the "correct" answer, the best purchase or the perfect proposal leads to excess rumination over each decision.It can even lead to complete paralysis. For such people, rules of all kinds are a godsend they represent pre-made decisions. Open-ended assignments, like writing papers, are nightmares. For such a patient or for a psychiatrist, understanding a cluster of diagnostic symptoms can be %revelation. The picture leaps out from the previously disorganized background. 50) But undoubtedly, at times we can become too reductionistic, seeing patterns where none exist: sometimes a messy room is just a messy room.