问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. Via eye and ear, words beyond numbering zip into the mind and flash a dizzy variety of meaning into the mysterious circuits of knowing. {{U}}{{U}} 1 {{/U}}{{/U}}{{U}}A great many of them bring along not only their meanings but some extra freight—a load of judgment or bias that plays upon the emotions instead of lighting up the understanding{{/U}}. These words deserve careful handling-and minding. They are loaded. The trouble with loaded words is that they tend to short-circuit thought. While they may describe something, they simultaneously try to seduce the mind into accepting a prefabricated opinion about the something described. Every word hauls some basic cargo or else can be shrugged aside as vacant sound. {{U}}{{U}} 2 {{/U}}{{/U}}{{U}}Indeed, almost any word can, in some use, take on that extra baggage of bias or sentiment that makes for the truly manipulative word{{/U}}. Actually, it does not take much special skill to add emotional baggage to a word and almost any noun can be infused with skepticism and doubt through the use of the word "socalled". Many other words can be handily tilted by shortening, by prefixes and suffixes, by the reduction of formal to familiar forms. The use of emotional vocabularies is not invariably a dubious practice. In the first place, words do not always get loaded by evil design or even deliberately. In the second, that sort of language is not exploited only for mischievous ends. {{U}}{{U}} 3 {{/U}}{{/U}}{{U}}The American principles feature words—liberty, equality— that, on top of their formal definitions, are verily packed with the sentiments that solidify U.S. society{{/U}}. The affectionate banalities of friendship and neighborliness facilitate the human ties that bind and support The moving vocabularies of patriotism and friendship are also subject to misuse, of course, but such derelictions are usually easy to recognize as hypocrisy. {{U}}{{U}} 4 {{/U}}{{/U}}{{U}}The abuse and careless use of language have been going on for a long time, yet the risks of biased words to the easily-fooled must be greater today, in an epoch of propagandizing amplified by mass communications{{/U}}. In the two decades, the practice of fraud has, if anything, increased. {{U}}{{U}} 5 {{/U}}{{/U}}{{U}}The appropriate response is not a hopeless effort to cleanse the world of seductive words; simple awareness of how frequently and variously they are loaded reduces the chances that one will fall out of touch with so-called reality{{/U}}.

问答题Directions: Write a composition based on the picture. The title can be offered in your preference. Make sure that your writing follows the given OUTLINE:Outline:1. Brief description of the picture2. Comment on its themeYou should write about 160-200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. All U. S. nuclear weapons production facilities are presently closed down, and if the various agreements are adhered to, those facilities will never be required except for one critical capability. All modern nuclear weapons use uranium (铀), plutonium (钚), and tritium (氚). Uranium and plutonium have very long half-lives, and there is large surplus of these materials. Tritium, however, has a relatively short half life of about 12.6 years, so about 5 percent of the amount on hand must be replaced each year to maintain the current inventory. (46) {{U}}Because of the large retirement of nuclear weapons by the United States in compliance with early agreements and national policy, tritium from retired weapons has been used to make up that lost through natural decay.{{/U}} (47) {{U}}However, in about 10 to 15 years, depending on future negotiations, the United States will need a guaranteed supply of tritium to maintain its stockpile at whatever level is agreed on.{{/U}} In anticipation of this future need to produce tritium, Defense Office Executive is pursuing two technologies. One uses a nuclear reactor that could also produce electricity whose sale would recover not only the capital cost of the reactor but also its annual operational cost. (48) {{U}}Unfortunately, the present Administration has a definite bias against nuclear power, so an alternative method is also being pursued even though it is agreed that it will cost twice as much as a reactor and use as much electricity as a reactor would produce.{{/U}} This technology uses an accelerator to produce high-energy protons that in turn produce neutrons. The main argument for the accelerator is that it produces no conventional nuclear wastes. (49) {{U}}Proponents readily admit that it will produce radioactive materials, but with a relatively short half-life compared with that of wastes from spent nuclear fuel.{{/U}} The fact that the accelerator will require the equivalent of a nuclear power plant to supply its electricity is ignored. (50) {{U}}Proponents also neglect to mention that about 22 percent of all electrical energy generated in the United States comes from nuclear power plants, so that 22 percent of the power used by the accelerator will generate conventional nuclear wastes, in addition to those the accelerator produces.{{/U}} There is an alternative to either the reactor or the accelerator, which is simply to buy the required tritium from Canada or Russia.

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} You are about to graduate from a university in the coming month. Right now you are doing some job hunting. Write a letter of application to an American bank in your city to 1) introduce yourself briefly and 2) express your wish to join the company. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. You don't have to write the address.

问答题Directions: You have bought a brand-new computer in a dealer's office. But much to your disappointment, it could not be normally operated when you got it back. Write a letter to the manager, 1) launching your complaints, 2) specifying its troubles, 3) and proposing solutions. Write your letter in no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter, use "Li Ming" instead. Do not write the address. (10 points)

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}{{I}}Writeanessayof160～200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawings.Inyouressay,youshould:{{/I}}1)describethedrawingbriefly;2)explainitsintendedmeaningandthen3)stateyourpointsofview.YonshouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.

问答题46)It must be stressed that a characteristic aspect of the present time is that science is exercising a decisive influence on technology, creating new problems for it, guiding its development and conditioning its progress. As a result, science is tending to become a direct force of industry. Scientific theories penetrate technological processes. In its turn, the development of science is strongly influenced by the astounding progress of modern technology, which places at its disposal previously undreamed of means: apparatus of high precision and of tremendous power, such as particle accelerators nuclear reactors, electronic computers, etc. 47)The improvement of industrial technology makes possible the realization of high intensity phenomena such as pressure, temperature, very high tension or nearly ideal conditions of vacuum, often indispensable to accurate experimental results. Science does not, generally, affect industry directly but does so through the intermediary of technology which places at industry's disposal new improved and powerful machines that increase the productivity of labour. 48)It improves technological processes, introduces new forms of energy, creates new materials not provided by nature, introduces new and varied means of transport, communication and telecommunication control and telecontrol. 49)All these means amazingly increase the productivity of labour by substituting human forces for those of nature. 50)The raising of the technical level of industry, therefore, constitutes a major imperative of our time presented to science, which finds itself in the vanguard of social progress.

问答题Directions: You read an advertisement on Beijing Weekly, in which a foreign company is looking for a secretary. Write a letter to the personnel department of the company telling them about 1) your age, 2) your educational background, 3) your work experience. You should write about 100 words neatly ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name. Use "Li Ming" instead. You do not need to write the address.

问答题 Directions: Professor Rodger Eade is planning to visit China as a visiting scholar. Now Mr. Li Ming, Head of Chinese Language Department, Beijing University, is writing a letter to 1) express warm welcome, and 2) formally invite him to be a visiting scholar, discussing the matters related to research field, financial support, duration of the visit, etc. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name. Use 'Li Ming' instead. Do not write the address.

问答题Directions: One of your friends wants to apply for a job involving working with foreign teenagers. Write a letter: 1) recommend him/her, and describe his/her past experience, 2) explain the reasons. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use" Zhang Wei"instead. Do not write your address.

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. In a quiet courtroom tucked away in a federal building here, a titanic battle is competing free speech against government efforts to protect children from the seemingly limitless pages of pornography in cyberspace. Titled simply enough, the American Library Association vs. the United States of American, the trial will determine the constitutionality of the Children's Internet Protection Act (CIPA). (46) {{U}}Passed by Congress in December 2000, the law requires all libraries that receive federal technology funds to install "protection measures" on all computers that have access to the Internet.{{/U}} In other words, they must have blocking software to prevent youngsters from accidentally, or even intentionally, getting a peek at the multitude of hard-core sites available with just a few well-placed clicks on a computer terminal. To free-speech advocates from librarians to the American Civil Liberties Union, it's a well-intentioned but dangerous assault on America's First Amendment freedoms. (47) {{U}}They argue that even the best blocking software is so flawed that it would also limit adult access to a wide array of constitutionally protected speech.{{/U}} "It's very easy to suggest that we all believe in the First Amendment, we just want to keep our kids safe," says John Berry, president of the American Library Association in Chicago. (48){{U}}"But as soon as you start making those kinds of concessions, you began to undermine one of our founding principles, and you can't sacrifice those kinds of things for a little temporary security."{{/U}} Supporters of the Internet-filtering law argue that the First Amendment has nothing to do with CIPA because it's nothing more than a funding bill. If libraries have objections, they simply don't have to accept the federal funds upon which the blocking software's use is conditioned. There's the whole issue of the blocking software itself: Does it work or not? (49){{U}}One study of more than 7,000 websites that had been blocked by the various software companies found that between 65 and 70 percent of the sites were "deemed to have potential value" to a library user.{{/U}} As to worries about overblocking, the law's supporters note the law allows adults to ask a librarian to turn off the blocking software. (50) {{U}}But the librarians argue that the mandatory filter does take discretion away from librarians and their communities, which pay for about 80 percent of the average library's budget, and gives it to the federal government.{{/U}} After this three-judge panel rules, one side or the other is expected to file an appeal, and that will go directly to the Supreme Court.

问答题end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. You do not need to write the address.

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. The Theory of Continental Drift has had a long and turbulent history since it was first proposed by Alfred Wegener in 1910. (46) {{U}}Vigorously challenged yet widely ignored, the theory had languished for half a century, primarily due to its lack of a plausible mechanism to support the proposed drift.{{/U}} With the discovery of sea-floor spreading in the late 1950's and early 60's, the idea was reinvigorated. Plate tectonics is now almost universally accepted. Many details of the mechanism are to be worked out. The surface of the Earth is divided into approximately six large plates, plus a number of smaller ones. The plates are' bounded by an interconnected network of ridges, transform faults, and trenches. Ridges, also called spreading centers, occur where two plates are moving away from each Other. As the plates separate, hot molten mantle material flows up to fill the void. (47) {{U}}The increased heat resulting from this flow reduces the density of the plates, causing them to float higher, thus elevating the boundaries by many thousands of feet above the colder surrounding sea floor. (48) Ridges on the ocean floor form the longest continuous ranges of mountains on the planet, but. only in a very few places on the Earth do these mountains rise above the ocean surface. {{/U}} New sea floor is constantly being created along spreading centers. Obviously somewhere else old sea floor must be going away. This occurs in trenches, also called subduction zones. Trenches occur along the boundary between two plates that are moving towards each other. (49) {{U}}Where this occurs, one plate is bent downwards at about a 400 angle and plunges under the other plate's leading edge, eventually to melt back into the liquid mantle below. {{/U}}As the subducting plate is heated back up to mantle temperatures, certain minerals in the plate melt sooner than others. (50) {{U}}Minerals that melt at lower temperatures and are lighter than the surrounding material tend to rise, melting their way up through the overriding plate to erupt as volcanoes on the ocean floor. {{/U}}As these volcanoes grow, they rise above the ocean surface to form lines of islands along the leading edge of the overriding plate. Numerous islands of Micronesia and Melanesia in the western Pacific were created in this way.

问答题Directions: Two days ago, you received a letter of admission from the Overseas Students Admission Office of University of British Columbia. Write a reply letter to the Director to 1) Show your appreciation, and 2) Inquire about the scholarship. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. Do not write the address.

问答题Directions: Write a letter to your friend Tom who posted you a Japanese dictionary from Japan on your birthday. Express your appreciation. You should include the details you think necessary. You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use "Li Ming" instead. Do not write the address.

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}Studythefollowingphotocarefullyandwriteanessayinwhichyoushould1)describethephotobriefly,speculatingaboutwhatsheisthinkingof,2)statedifferentviewsonpart-timejobs,and3)giveyourownopinion.Youshouldwriteabout160--200wordsneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.