问答题Directions: Write a letter to invite a friend, Michelle, to travel abroad with you. You should include the details you think necessary. You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use "Li Ming" instead. Do not write the address.

问答题Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. (46)These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair. I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy--so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of my life for a few hours of this joy. (47)I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness--that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. (48) I have sought it, finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what--at last--I have found. With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have wished to know why the stars shine... A little of this, but not much, I have achieved. Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always pity brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart. (49)Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a hated burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate the evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer. This has been my life, (50)I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me.

问答题The environmental and social costs of closing and rehabilitating(恢复)old and abandoned mines around the world are likely in trillions of dollars, and far beyond the capability of mining companies alone to deal with, Sir Robert Wilson, chairman of London-based metals giant Rio Tinto Plc said on Tuesday. 46)Wilson told Reuters at a mining industry conference on sustainable development in Toronto that a recent estimate puts rehabilitation costs just in the United States, where regulation is stricter than in many other countries, at ＄35 billion. "If you look at where the real problems are, in Russia, Eastern Europe, South Africa, India, ina, the extent of the (mine) legacy issues is normous, and it's totally beyond the capability of this industry, either financially or technically, to make a meaningful contribution to that," Wilson said. 47) "Huge" and "gigantic" were other terms being tossed around to describe the problem of old and abandoned mines at the three-day Global Mining Initiative meeting in Toronto, which is being held in preparation for the World Summit for Sustainable Development in Johannesburg in August. But attempts were few at fixing an exact cost on what the industry calls "heritage issues"—the environmental destruction and tears in the social fabric left over from a 100 years of mining projects that no one has taken responsibility for. Prod they are still happening, some experts at the conference said. James Kuipers, of the U.S. Center for Science in Public Participation, which provides technical services to local and tribal governments, said his group estimates that 95 percent of operating mines in the United States have only vague plans for dealing with the environmental consequences of shutting down, such as the pollution of local water courses. 48)He said that in cases where owners have just walked away or gone bankrupt, it is the taxpayer that has been stuck with the liability. "The public no longer favors new mining in the United States, and mistrusts existing mines," he added. Wilson told Reuters that most large, established companies are able to come to terms with mine closures. Rio Tinto and several other big companies make serious provisions for environmental and social rehabilitation as the planning stages of their projects, he said. 49)"But there are some particular areas of concern for large gold operations in the United States, which have got quite a substantial environmental heritage. I know that is worrying one or two companies quite a lot in terms of the potentially very large liabilities that will be crystallized(明确)on closure. There are going to be some companies that are going to be sweating on this a bit," he said. 50) Many delegates at the conference stressed that governments must become more involved in the issues of mine closings and Kuipers suggested taxing metals consumption to help pay for the clean-up. Some said a global closure fund should be created with contributions from industry, government and institutions. But World Bank official Monika Weber Fahr, who noted that the World Bank is the No. 1 source of mine-closing finances, warned that knowing there is a back-up would encourage irresponsibility. "It should be the polluter that should be paying," she said.

问答题 Directions: You have a neighbor who regularly cooks food on a very smoky outdoor barbecue. The smoke blows directly into your home. You have complained to your neighbor, but he refuses to clean the barbecue. Write to the local police and explain your problem. Your writing should include the following items: 1) explain what is wrong; 2) give details; 3) ask for help to fix the problem. You should Write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Wang Hong" instead. You do not need to write the address.

问答题Directions: Two months ago, you got a job as an editor. But now you find that the work doesn"t suit to your personal interest. Write a letter to personnel manager telling him your decision, stating your reason(s), making an apology and expressing thanks. You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use "Li Ming" instead. Do not write your address.

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} Title: {{B}}The Teacher-Student Relationship{{/B}} {{B}}Outline:{{/B}} 1. A good teacher-student relationship benefits both teaching and learning. 2. A teacher's behaviour is important for the establishment of a good teacher-student relationship. 3. What should a student do for the establishment of a good teacher-student relationship? You should write about 160-200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.

问答题Directions : Once you were ill and were hospitalized for a few weeks in the Chaoyang Medical Center, City of Tai Yuan, Shanxi Province. During your stay the entire staff were kind to you. Write a letter to 1) tell about your stay in the hospital and 2) extend your gratitude to the hospital staff. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. You don't have to write the address.

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. To improve the teaching skills, what you need will depend on what you want to do. Most teachers have computers, and most have at least some access to email and the Internet. In many schools and universities, most students do, too. Many teaching opportunities are likely to be available to you; therefore, use equipment you and your students already have. 46){{U}}Other techniques require more advanced technologies that you may or may not wish to purchase on your own, and that your institution may or may not make available to you{{/U}}. It should be obvious, therefore, that you should make no plans for using electronic tools before making sure that both you and your students will have access to the necessary technology. But owning, or having access to technology is usually only a first step. Even more important is learning how to use it. This is one of the biggest challenges facing anyone who wishes to use electronic tools, because the knowledge is not always easy to acquire. Many people, of course, are highly skilled in computer technology and know how to teach themselves to do almost anything. 47) {{U}}But many other people, who have limited computer skills, are easily intimidated by new and unfamiliar tasks, and tend to avoid doing anything that. requires them to learn something very different from the things to which they are accustomed{{/U}}. If you fall in the latter group but wish to expand your ability to use electronic tools, you need to find help. Some institutions offer extensive assistance through their computer centers or their information technology services. Some departments have staff members or graduate student assistants who are hired to handle computer-related problems. There are also many excellent reference works to help you learn about various electronic tools. 48){{U}}Just as you must be sure that you have the necessary technology at your disposal before you decide to use electronic tools in your teaching, so you must also make sure that you have access to the necessary hell} in learning to use it.{{/U}} Keep in mind. finally, that the technology associated with computers and the Internet changes with breathtaking speed. 49){{U}}Although certain skills will remain useful to you over long periods of time, there will be many things that will have to be relearned time and time again{{/U}}. The rapidity of change in this field can be bewildering and intimidating. But it is also the source of some valuable innovations that can be of great use to you. Before introducing new teaching techniques, therefore, it is wise to make a quick inventory of your own end your school's electronic teaching resources. 50){{U}}You will not want to discover halfway through a project that there are major obstacles such as insufficient equipment, inadequate support, or inappropriate professional incentives{{/U}}. Answering a few simple questions can help you determine how practical and promising your planned innovations in electronic teaching are likely to be. While some answers may lie as close as your departmental colleagues, others might require conferring with departmental administrators, librarians, or computer support organizations.

问答题3. It is important to sustain our efforts to ban smoking.

问答题Directions: Write a poster to your schoolmates, informing them of a new book to be released, You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use "Li Ming" instead. Do not write the address.

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. In a sense, the new protectionism is not protectionism at all, at least not in the traditional sense of the term. The old protectionism referred only to trade-restricting and trade-expanding devices, such as the tariff or export subsidy. The new protectionism is much broader than this; it includes interventions into foreign trade but is not limited to them. (46){{U}} The new protectionism, in fact, refers to how the whole of government intervention into the private economy affects international trade. The emphasis on trade is still there, thus came the term" protection".{{/U}} But what is new is the realization that virtually all government activities can affect international economic relations. (47) {{U}}The emergence of the new protectionism in the Western world reflects the victory of the interventionist, or welfare economy over the market economy.{{/U}} Jab Tumiler writes, "The old protectionism…, coexisted, without any apparent intellectual difficulty with the acceptable of the market as a national as well as an international economic distribution mechanism-indeed, protectionists as well as (if not more than) free traders stood for laissez-faire( 放任政策).(48){{U}} Now, as in the 1930's, protectionism is an expression of a profound skepticism as to the ability of the market to distribute resources and incomes to societies satisfaction."{{/U}} It is precisely this profound skepticism of the market economy that is responsible for the protectionism. In a market economy, economic change of various colors implies redistributions of resources and incomes. The same opinion in many communities apparently is that such redistributions often are not proper. Therefore, the government intervenes to bring about a more desired result. The victory of the welfare state is almost complete in northern Europe. In Sweden, Norway, Finland, Denmark, and the Netherlands, government intervention in almost all aspects of economic and social life is considered normal. (49){{U}}In Great Britain this is only somewhat less true. Government traditionally has played a very active role in economic life in France and continued to do so. Only Germany dares to go against the tide towards excessive interventionism in Western Europe.{{/U}} It also happens to be the most successful Western European economy. (50) {{U}}The welfare state has made significant progress in the United Stages as well as in Western Europe. Social security, unemployment insurance, minimum-wage laws, and rent control are by now traditional welfare state elements on the American scene.{{/U}}

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}{{I}} Suppose you are President of Student Union and are going to recruit some volunteers to participate in Hope Project in the next summer vacation. Write a recruit notice based on the following outline:{{/I}} 1) the purpose of this activity; 2) the requirement for the participants; 3) the schedule and contact person You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead You do not need to write the address.

问答题1) fix a telephone for each dormitory, 2) explain your reasons. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Wang Ling" instead. You do not need write the address. (10 points)

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. The energy contained in rock within the earth's crust represents a nearly unlimited energy source, but until recently commercial retrieval has been limited to underground hot water and/or steam recovery systems. These systems have been developed in areas of recent volcanic activity, where high rates of heat flow cause visible eruption of water in the form of geysers and hot springs. In other areas, however, hot rock also exists near the surface but there is insufficient water present to produce eruptive phenomena. Thus a potential hot dry rock (HDR) reservoir exists whenever the amount of spontaneously produced geothermal fluid has been judged inadequate for existing commercial systems. As a result of the recent energy crisis, new concepts for creating HDE recovery systems—which involve drilling holes and connecting them to artificial reservoirs placed deep within the crust—are being developed. (46){{U}} In all attempts to retrieve energy from HED's reservoir artificial stimulation will be required to create either sufficient permeability or bounded flow paths to facilitate the removal of heat by circulation of a fluid over the surface of the rock.{{/U}} (47){{U}} The HDR resource base is generally defined to include crustal rock that is hotter than 150℃, is at depths less than ten kilometers, and can be drilled with presently available equipment.{{/U}} Although wells deeper than ten kilometers are technically feasible, prevailing economic factors will obviously determine the commercial feasibility of wells at such depths. Rock temperatures as low as 100℃ may be useful for space heating; however, for producing electricity, temperatures greater than 200℃ are desirable. The geothermal gradient, which specifically determines the depth of drilling required to reach a desired temperature, is a major factor in the recoverability of geothermal resources. (48) {{U}}Temperature gradient maps generated from oil and gas well temperature-depth records kept by the American Association of Petroleum Geologists suggest that tapable high-temperature gradients are distributed all across the United States. (There are many areas, however for which no temperature gradient records exist.){{/U}} Indications are that the HDR resource base is very large. (49){{U}} If an average geothermal temperature gradient of 22℃ per kilometer of depth is used, a staggering 13,000,000 quadrillion B. T. U's of total energy are calculated to be contained in crustal rock to a ten kilometer depth in the United States. {{/U}}If we conservatively estimate that only about 0.2 percept is recoverable, we find a total that is comparable to the estimated resource base of all the coal remaining in the United States. (50) {{U}}The remaining problem is to balance the economics of deeper, hotter, more costly wells and shallower, cooler, less expensive wells against the value of the final product, electricity and/or heat.{{/U}}

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} Once you were ill and were hospitalized for a few weeks in the Chaoyang Medical Center, City of Tai Yuan, Shanxi Province. During your stay the entire staff were kind to you. Write a letter to 1) tell about your stay in the hospital and 2) extend your gratitude to the hospital staff. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. You don't have to write the address.

问答题 Directions: Write a letter to invite your best friend Jane to take part in your mother's 60-year-old birthday and inform her of your arrangement. Begin your letter as follows. Dear Jane, You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name, using "Li Ming' instead. Do not write the address.

问答题Directions:Your are asked to write a recommendation for a student. Please give your suggestions and express your opinions clearly a bout 100 words on ANSWER SHEET II. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.

问答题Directions: Write a poster to your schoolmates, informing them of a new book to be released. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use "Li Ming" instead. Do not write the address.