问答题Directions:Lookatthefollowingpictureandwriteanarticleonoverweightkidsinourcountry.Yourarticleshouldmeetthefollowingtworequirements1)interpretethemessageconveyedbythepicture2)makeyourcommentsonthephenomenonYoushouldwriteabout160～200wordsneatlyonAnswerSheet2.

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points) The clue lies in the Japanese name that has been adopted for them around the world: tsunami. (46) {{U}}Formed from the characters for harbour and wave, and commemorated in the 19th-century woodblock print by Hokusai that decorates so many books and articles about the subject, the word shows that these sudden, devastating waves have mainly in the past occurred in the Pacific Ocean, ringed as it is by volcanoes and earthquake zones{{/U}}. Thanks to one tsunami in 1946 that killed 165 people, mainly in Hawaii, the countries around the Pacific have shared a tsunami warning centre ever since. (47) {{U}}Those around the Indian Ocean have no such centre, being lucky enough not to have suffered many big tsunamis before and unlucky enough not to count the world' s two biggest and most technologically advanced economies, the United States and Japan, among their number{{/U}}. So when, on December 26th, the world's strongest earthquake in 40 years shook the region, with its epicenter under the sea near the northernmost tip of the Indonesian archipelago, there was no established mechanism to pass warnings to the countries around the ocean's shores. There would have been between 90 and 150 minutes in which to broadcasts warnings by radio, television and loudspeaker in the areas most affected, the Indonesian province of Aceh, Sri Lanka and the Indian chain of the Andaman and Nicobar islands. (48){{U}} Had such warnings been broadcast then many of the tens of thousands of lives lost would have been saved{{/U}}. (49) {{U}}How many, nobody can know, for the task of evacuation would have been far from easy in many of these crowded, poor and low-lying coastal communities{{/U}}. Equally, though, it will probably never be known exactly how many people have died. (50){{U}} Whereas in many disasters the initial estimates of fatalities prove too high, the opposite is occurring in this case{{/U}}.

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}{{I}}Writeanessayof160～200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressayyoushould:1)describethedrawingbriefly,2)interpretthephenomenonreflectedbyit,andthen3)giveyourcomments.YoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.{{/I}}

问答题Directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould1)describethedrawingbriefly,2)interpretitsintendedmeaning,and3)giveyourcomments.

问答题Once upon a time, American students tested better than any other students in the world. Now, ranked against European schoolchildren, America does about as well as Lithuania, behind at least 10 other nations. (46)The relative decline of American edu- cation at the elementary- and high-school levels has long been a national embarrass- ment as well as a threat to the nation's future. For much of this time--roughly the last half century-professional educators believed that if they could only find the right method of instruction, all would be well. (47)However, nothing seemed to achieve significant or lasting improvements, yet in recent years researchers have discovered something that may seem obvious, but for many reasons was overlooked or denied. What really makes a difference, what matters more than the class size or the textbook, the teaching method or the technology, or even the curriculum, is the quality of the teacher. Much of the ability to teach is innate--an ability to inspire young minds as well as control unruly classrooms that some people instinctively possess. (48)Teaching can be taught, to some degree, but not the way many gradu- ate schools of education do it, with a lot of flat or marginally relevant theorizing and teaching methods. In any case the research shows that within about five years, you can generally tell who is a good teacher and who is not. (49)It is also true and unfortunate that often the weakest teachers are assigned to teach the neediest students, poor minority kids in inner-city schools: for these children, teachers can be make or break. "The research shows that kids who have two, three, four strong teachers in a row will eventually excel, no matter what their back- ground, while kids who have even two weak teachers in a row will never recover," says Kati Haycock of the Education Trust and coauthor of the 2006 study "Teaching Inequality: How Poor and Minority Students Are Shortchanged on Teacher Quality." (50)Nothing, then, is more important than hiring good teachers and firing bad ones, but here is the rub: al- though many teachers are caring and selfless, teaching in public schools has not always attracted the best and the brightest. There once was a time when teaching (along with nursing) was one of the few jobs not denied to women and minorities. But with social progress, many talented women and minorities chose other and more highly compensated fields. One recent review showed that most schoolteachers are recruited from the bottom third of college-bound high-school students.

问答题YoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.

问答题The primitive root of the pleasure of parenthood is two-fold. (46) On the one hand, there is the feeling of part of one's own body externalized, prolonging its life beyond the death of the rest of one's body, and possibly in its turn externalizing part of itself in the same fashion, and so securing the immortality of the germ plasma. On the other hand there is an intimate blend of power and tenderness. The new creature is helpless, and there is an impulse to supply its needs, an impulse which gratifies not only the parent's love towards the child, but also the parent's desire for power. (47) So long as the infant is felt to be helpless, the affection which is bestowed upon it does not feel unselfish, since it is in the nature of protection to a vulnerable portion of oneself. (48) But from a very early age there comes to be a conflict between love of parental power and desire for the child's good, for, while power over the child is to a certain extent decreed by the nature of things, it is nevertheless desirable that the child should as soon as possible learn to be independent in as many ways as possible, which is unpleasant to the power impulse in a parent. Some parents never become conscious of this conflict, and remain tyrants until the children are in a position to rebel. Others, however, become conscious of it, and thus find themselves a prey to conflicting emotions. In this conflict their parental happiness is lost. (49) After all the care that they have bestowed on the child, they find to their mortification that he turns out quite different from what they had hoped. They wanted him to be a soldier, and they find him a pacifist, or, like Tolstoy, they wanted him to be a pacifist, and he joins the Black Hundreds. But it is not only in these later developments that the difficulty is felt. (50) If you feed an infant who is already capable of feeding himself, you are putting love of power before the child's welfare, although it seems to you that you are only been kind in saving him trouble. If you make him too vividly aware of dangers, you are probably actuated by a desire to keep him dependent upon you. If you give him demonstrative affection to which you expect a response, you are probably endeavoring to grapple him to you by means of his emotions. In a thousand ways, great and small, the possessive impulse of parents will lead them astray, unless they are very watchful or very pure in heart.

问答题Directions: You want to apply for the following job. Write a letter to Mr Moore describing your previous experience and explaining why you would be suitable for the job. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. You do not need to write the address.

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} Suppose you are a college student and you intend to work part time during your vacation. In your letter, you are supposed to include the post you would like to apply for, your experience and your hobbies, etc. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. You do not need to write the address.

问答题Directions: You are supposed to write a notice to invite your former classmates to a dinner party to celebrate the 10th anniversary of your graduation from high school. Your notice should include the following information: 1) purpose of the dinner party 2) time and place of the dinner party; and 3) other organizational details. Do not sign your own name at the end of the notice. Use "Alumni Association of Grade 04" instead.

问答题The fact is that the energy crisis, which has suddenly been officially announced, has been with us for a long time now, and will be with us for an even longer time. Whether Arab oil flows freely or not, it is clear to everyone that world industry cannot be allowed to depend on so fragile a base. 46)The supply of oil can be shut off unexpectedly at any time, and in any case, the oil wells will all run dry in thirty years or so at the present rate of use. 47)New sources of energy must be found, and this will take time, but it is not likely to result in any situation that will ever restore that sense of cheap and plentiful energy we have had in the times past. For an indefinite period from here on, mankind is going to advance cautiously, and consider itself lucky that it can advance at all. To make the situation worse, there is as yet no sign that any slowing of the world's population is in sight. Although the birth-rate has dropped in some nations, including the United States, the population of the world seems sure to pass six billion and perhaps even seven billion as the twenty-first century opens. 48)The food supply will not increase nearly enough to match this, which means that we are heading into a crisis in the matter of producing and marketing food. Taking all this into account, what might we reasonably estimate supermarkets to be like in the year 2001? To begin with, the world food supply is going to become steadily tighter over the next thirty years—even here in the United States. By 2001, the population of the United States will be at least two hundred fifty million and possibly two hundred seventy million, and the nation will find it difficult to expand food production to fill the additional mouths. 49)This will be particularly true since energy pinch will make it difficult to continue agriculture in the high-energy American fashion that makes it possible to combine few farmers with high yields. It seems almost certain that by 2001 the United States will no longer be a great food-exporting nation and that, if necessity forces exports, it will be at the price of belt-tightening at home. In fact, as food items will tend to decline in quality and decrease in variety, there is very likely to be increasing use of flavouring additives. 50)Until such time as mankind has the sense to lower its population to the point where the planet can provide a comfortable support for all, people will have to accept more "unnatural food".

问答题1)Describethepicture2)Deducethepurposeofthedrawerofthepicture3)Suggestcounter-measures.

问答题 In the early 1800s, groups of English workers wrecked machines that they felt threatened their jobs. (46){{U}}They were called "Luddites" after one of their leaders, a term that is now used for anyone who puts up resistance to new technologies.{{/U}} (47) {{U}}The odd thing about nanotechnology's Luddites is that they have started resisting before the technology has really established itself.{{/U}} As people start to buy products involving nanotechnology, from odour-resistant shirts to window glass that repels dirt, they will realise that many of these new things are useful and harmless. And as awareness of nanotechnology grows, they will begin to understand that it covers a range of different ways of doing things, some of which carry some risk and others do not. As a result, the technology's detractors will probably become more nuanced in their complaints. Nanotechnology has the potential to cause an industrial upheaval, just as electricity did in its time. (48) {{U}}Like electricity, though, it has so many and such diverse applications that it is unlikely to arrive in one huge wave, as nanotechnology's critics fear.{{/U}} Instead, there will be a series of smaller waves. (49){{U}}Many of the innovations the technology may bring are a long way off, leaving plenty of time to prepare.{{/U}} Nanotechnology, like any new discovery, offers both risks and rewards. There will undoubtedly be some need to control its exploitation to minimize the risks, but there are also strong arguments for allowing the unfettered pursuit of knowledge: without it, innovation cannot flourish. Twenty years ago, nobody could have foreseen that the invention of a new microscope would launch a remarkable new technology, perhaps a revolution. (50) {{U}}Scientists should be allowed to work with as little hindrance as possible to gain a better understanding of the object of their study-however large or small.{{/U}}

翻译题A team of researchers had traveled through a region, stopping here and there to collect artifacts and administer various psychological tests on local people. What my audience did not know, and what I had considered too obvious to tell them, was that in the USA everyone speaks English, even shopkeepers. 46 However, the fieldwork techniques of Malinowski were clearly designed for smaller communities, ones where it was possible for the anthropologist to get to know a fair proportion of the inhabitants. As we go about our daily lives, we are not aware of all the things we learned as children, the taken-for-granted ways of behaving, the general understandings of the way things are. In this sense, 'culture' is invisible. 47 If we suddenly become self-conscious about it, it is usually because we have crossed some kind of cultural boundary that are by no means restricted to anthropologists. Instead they are a common human experience, almost inescapable in the modern world. All that anthropologists can claim is that they knowingly seek out such cultural boundaries. That attempt can be arduous, however. It involves at a minimum acquiring the necessary language skills, and being prepared to commit a great deal of time and effort. Fieldwork situations vary so widely that adaptability and resourcefulness are required. Moreover, anthropologists are not immune to the disorientation of cultural displacement. They are as likely as anyone else to feel lonely and vulnerable. 48 Nor are they immune to cultural misleading because people everywhere communicate their emotions and intentions in the most subtle ways, ways that the newly-arrived stranger is not likely to follow. Consequently he or she is easily misled, whether maliciously or merely in fun. Most fieldworkers are only too aware of the limits of what they know. But those things that interest us most, the cultural webs in which we all hang suspended, are more elusive. 49 One of the earliest pieces of travel literature to make a major impression in Europe was Marco Polo's The Travels, which circulated in over 119 manuscripts in the late thirteenth and fourteenth centuries and brought the first detailed report of the fabulously wealthy and exotic civilizations of South and East Asia. From the sixteenth century onwards, the trickle of travel literature rapidly expands to a flood, in which many books by anthropologists described their fieldwork experiences, as opposed to their findings. 50 However, concerned with how people differ among themselves and what those differences signify, the anthropologists must then have discussed what the differences were, and what sense to make of them.

翻译题The growth of the use of English as the world's primary language for international communication has obviously been continuing for several decades. 46 But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future. Complex international, economic, technological and cultural changes could start to diminish the leading position of English as the language of the world market, and UK interests which enjoy advantage from the breath of English usage would consequently face new pressures. Those realistic possibilities are highlighted in the study presented by David Graddol. 47 His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generations of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities. David Graddol concludes that monoglot English graduates face a bleak economic future as qualified multilingual youngsters from other countries are proving to have a competitive advantage over their British counterparts in global companies and organizations. Alongside that, 48 many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages. If left to themselves, such trends will diminish the relative strength of the English language in international education markets as the demand for educational resources in languages, such as Spanish, Arabic or Mandarin grows and international business process outsourcing in other languages such as Japanese, French and German, spreads. 49 The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to UK's providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors. The English language teaching sector directly earns nearly ￡1. 3 billion for the UK in invisible exports and our other education related exports earn up to ￡10 billion a year more. As the international education market expands, the recent slowdown in the numbers of international students studying in the main English-speaking countries is likely to continue, especially if there are no effective strategic policies to prevent such slippage. The anticipation of possible shifts in demand provided by this study is significant: 50 It gives a basis to all organizations which seek to promote the learning and use of English, a basis for planning to meet the possibilities of what could be a very different operating environment. That is a necessary and practical approach. In this as in much else, those who wish to influence the future must prepare for it.