问答题Directions: Suppose that you cannot return the book to William in person for some emergency and will ask someone else to return it. 1) Give your suggestions, and explain the reasons. 2) Other recommendation. Write a note in about 100 words to inform him of it. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use" Zhang Wei"instead.

问答题1.showyourunderstandingofthesymbolicmeaningofthepicturebelow1)thecontentofthepicture2)thesymbolicmeaning3)thespecialunderstanding2.giveaspecificexample/comment,and3.giveyoursuggestionastothebestwaytoencouragehonesty.

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. For a long time psychoanalysis was the only formalized psychotherapy practiced in Western society. It was this type of therapy that gave rise to the classic picture of a bearded Viennese doctor seated behind a patient who is lying on a couch. Psychoanalysis is based on the theories of Sigmund Freud. (46) {{U}}According to Freud's views, psychological disturbances are due to anxiety about hidden conflicts in the unconscious parts of one's personality; therefore, one of the psychoanalysts job is to help make the patients aware of the unconscious impulses, desires, and fears that are causing the anxiety.{{/U}} Psychoanalysts believe that if patients can understand their unconscious motives, they have taken, the first step toward gaining control of their problems. Such understanding is called insight. Psychoanalysis is a slow procedure. It may take years of fifty-minute sessions several times a week before the patient is able to make fundamental changes in her life. (47) {{U}}Throughout this time, the analyst assists his patient in a complete examination of the unconscious motives behind her behavior.{{/U}} This task begins with the analyst telling the patient to relax and talk about everything that comes into her mind. This method is called free association. As the patient lies on the couch, she may describe her dreams, discuss private thoughts, or recall long-forgotten experiences. The psychoanalyst often says nothing for long periods of time. (48) {{U}}The psycho-analyst also occasionally makes remarks or asks questions that guide the patient, or he may suggest an unconscious motive or factor that explains something the patient has been talking about, but most of the work is done by the patient herself.{{/U}} Psychoanalysis has sometimes been criticized for being" all talk and no action." In behavior therapy there is much more emphasis on action. (49) {{U}}Rather than spending a large amount of time going into the patient's past history or the details of his or her dreams, the behavior therapist concentrates on finding out what is specifically wrong with the patient's current life and takes steps to change it.{{/U}} The idea behind behavior therapy is that a disturbed person is one who has learned to behave in the wrong way. The therapist's job, therefore, is to "reeducate" the patient. (50) {{U}}The reasons for the patient's undesirable behavior are not important; what is important is to change the patient's behavior which is formed and reinforced in stressed environment and to establish new patterns of behavior for the patient.{{/U}} One technique used by behavior therapists is systematic recovery. This method is used to overcome irrational fears and anxieties the patient has learned. The goal of systematic recovery therapy is to encourage people to imagine the feared situation while relaxing. Having been taught how to relax, the patient learns to think about the past experience without being afraid. During this process, the therapist attempts to replace anxiety with its opposite, relaxation.

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. One of the hallmarks of our anxieties about the future is confusion over how to prepare young people for it. What is it that we are supposed to be educating students for? {{U}}{{U}} 1 {{/U}}{{/U}}{{U}}We know that today's young people will, during their lifetimes, face multiple changes in jobs, and we assume that their future will be shaped by technologies that we cannot yet imagine{{/U}}. But when we try to translate these observations into what elementary and secondary schools should be doing, the result is usually a rehash of tired old complaints. If we are ever to break out of this cycle, we are going to need some very big ideas. Egan, a professor of education at Simon Fraser University, recognizes the temptation to place blame for schools' failures on incompetent teachers and simple-minded politicians, but he wants a deeper and more useful explanation. {{U}}{{U}} 2 {{/U}}{{/U}}{{U}}The key to obtaining such an explanation lies in addressing the problematic yet unchallenged assumptions that trap today's debate in an endless cycle of frustration{{/U}}. Drawing on evolutionary psychology and cognitive science, Egan outlines three widely accepted schools of thought about the goals of education. The first takes education to be a matter of socializing humans into the membership of nations and other collectives. {{U}}{{U}} 3 {{/U}}{{/U}}{{U}}"Governments are in the business of schooling" for this reason, but socialization is pursued at a cost because "making requirements uniform will always be at odds with the ambitions of our imaginations{{/U}}." Indeed, if the goal of socialization is pursued too assiduously, we call it indoctrination-at least when others do it. With the emergence of literacy in human history came a second big goal for education: Plato's academic ideal. {{U}}{{U}} 4 {{/U}}{{/U}}{{U}}Mastering the new forms of coded knowledge that came with literacy has become the purpose of much of contempoary education and, for better or for worse, underlies much of the testing that now shapes it{{/U}}. The third is the "developmental" idea, through which education is viewed as "supporting the fullest achievement of the natural process of mental development." Like the blind men who encounter an elephant, these ideas bring limited perspectives to the discussion. Worse yet, they bring views that often stand in direct contradiction to one another. {{U}}{{U}} 5 {{/U}}{{/U}}{{U}}As he puts it: "There is no mind in the brain until the brain interacts with the external symbolic stone of culture, " and in such interaction, the possibilities for innovation live as well{{/U}}.

问答题 {{U}}46. The American sociologist Talcott Parsons believed that the two most important functions of the modern family are the primary socialization of children and the stabilization of adult personalities through marriage and the raising of children.{{/U}} His own concern was particularly with the middle-class American family, but these important aspects of family life are also applicable much more widely. In the present context it is worthwhile to look especially at primary socialization. {{U}}47. Primary socialization refers to the training of children during their earliest years, whereas secondary socialization refers to later influences on the development of the child's personality and learning activities, such as his involvement with teachers and with other children at school.{{/U}} Primary socialization is in most societies carried out essentially within the family as part of child rearing. In the modern family, parents take responsibility for raising and teaching their children such basic things as language and correct behavior. Toilet training, teaching children how to eat correctly, and encouraging children to get along with others are all aspects of child rearing. However, it is not only these more mundane aspects of behavior that children learn. Children are also implicitly encouraged to develop the values of the parents and of tile society in which they live. In American society, which was Parsons' main concern, these values include independence, motivation for achievement, and competition. In other societies, different values, such as cooperation and egalitarianism, may be stressed. {{U}}48. Yet the principle behind primary socialization in different societies is the same: the development of social values must be achieved in an environment of love and security, as is found in the ideal family anywhere in the world.{{/U}} However, few families are ideal. Studies of the families of emotionally disturbed children have shown that unsatisfactory relationships between husbands and wives can have detrimental effects on children. Sometimes a child is used as a scapegoat. The parents blame or even physically abuse the child in order to cover up their own difficulties. {{U}}49. In such a ease, the child often fails to develop the values the parents wish to instill in him, developing instead antisocial habits leading to deviant behavior in later life.{{/U}} Indeed, the cycle may be repeated if such a person in time marries, has a family of his own, and treats his children in the same way. Nonetheless, there is no reason to suppose that all children of unsatisfactory marriages are treated in such a way or fail to overcome the difficulties they have as children. {{U}}50. Some social scientists have even suggested that the isolated nuclear family, as it exists in Western industrialized societies, is to blame for the social ills found in those societies.{{/U}} They claim that in the past more support was offered from the wider kin network and from the community as a whole -- as is still the case in less-developed parts of the world, The British psychiatrists R. D. Laing and David Cooper suggested that the modern family is dysfunctional in that, by its very nature, it forces upon children an undue emphasis on obedience to authority. These negative viewpoints aside, most experts as well as most parents agree that the primary socialization process in the modern family offers benefits both t6 the child and to the parents.

问答题Directions:Studythefollowingdrawingcarefullyandwriteanessayinwhichyoushould1)describethedrawing,2)interpretitsmeaningandimplications,and3)giveyourcomments.Youshouldwrite160-200wordsneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.

问答题 Directions: You are writing to launch a strong complaint about the impolite treatment that your guests, your colleague and you received when you met in a restaurant on the eve of the New Year last Friday evening. Your letter should include: 1) detailed description of your experience, 2) and your strong resentment. Write your letter in no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter, use "Li Ming" instead. Do not write the address.

问答题Directions:Studythefollowingchartcarefullyandwriteanarticle.Inyourarticle,youshouldcoverthefollowingpoints:1)describethephenomenon;2)analyzethephenomenonandgiveyourcommentonit.Youshouldwriteabout160-200wordsneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.

问答题Directions: You have several experiences of buying books from Delta, an online bookstore, but the books were either delayed or damaged or something. Write a letter to the Customer Service of Delta to 1) file a complaint, and 2) make two or three suggestions. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. Do not write the address.

问答题Directions:Lookatthefollowingpictureandwriteanarticleonoverweightkidsinourcountry.Yourarticleshouldmeetthefollowingtworequirements1)interpretethemessageconveyedbythepicture2)makeyourcommentsonthephenomenonYoushouldwriteabout160～200wordsneatlyonAnswerSheet2.

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points) The clue lies in the Japanese name that has been adopted for them around the world: tsunami. (46) {{U}}Formed from the characters for harbour and wave, and commemorated in the 19th-century woodblock print by Hokusai that decorates so many books and articles about the subject, the word shows that these sudden, devastating waves have mainly in the past occurred in the Pacific Ocean, ringed as it is by volcanoes and earthquake zones{{/U}}. Thanks to one tsunami in 1946 that killed 165 people, mainly in Hawaii, the countries around the Pacific have shared a tsunami warning centre ever since. (47) {{U}}Those around the Indian Ocean have no such centre, being lucky enough not to have suffered many big tsunamis before and unlucky enough not to count the world' s two biggest and most technologically advanced economies, the United States and Japan, among their number{{/U}}. So when, on December 26th, the world's strongest earthquake in 40 years shook the region, with its epicenter under the sea near the northernmost tip of the Indonesian archipelago, there was no established mechanism to pass warnings to the countries around the ocean's shores. There would have been between 90 and 150 minutes in which to broadcasts warnings by radio, television and loudspeaker in the areas most affected, the Indonesian province of Aceh, Sri Lanka and the Indian chain of the Andaman and Nicobar islands. (48){{U}} Had such warnings been broadcast then many of the tens of thousands of lives lost would have been saved{{/U}}. (49) {{U}}How many, nobody can know, for the task of evacuation would have been far from easy in many of these crowded, poor and low-lying coastal communities{{/U}}. Equally, though, it will probably never be known exactly how many people have died. (50){{U}} Whereas in many disasters the initial estimates of fatalities prove too high, the opposite is occurring in this case{{/U}}.

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}{{I}}Writeanessayof160～200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressayyoushould:1)describethedrawingbriefly,2)interpretthephenomenonreflectedbyit,andthen3)giveyourcomments.YoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.{{/I}}

问答题Directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould1)describethedrawingbriefly,2)interpretitsintendedmeaning,and3)giveyourcomments.

问答题Once upon a time, American students tested better than any other students in the world. Now, ranked against European schoolchildren, America does about as well as Lithuania, behind at least 10 other nations. (46)The relative decline of American edu- cation at the elementary- and high-school levels has long been a national embarrass- ment as well as a threat to the nation's future. For much of this time--roughly the last half century-professional educators believed that if they could only find the right method of instruction, all would be well. (47)However, nothing seemed to achieve significant or lasting improvements, yet in recent years researchers have discovered something that may seem obvious, but for many reasons was overlooked or denied. What really makes a difference, what matters more than the class size or the textbook, the teaching method or the technology, or even the curriculum, is the quality of the teacher. Much of the ability to teach is innate--an ability to inspire young minds as well as control unruly classrooms that some people instinctively possess. (48)Teaching can be taught, to some degree, but not the way many gradu- ate schools of education do it, with a lot of flat or marginally relevant theorizing and teaching methods. In any case the research shows that within about five years, you can generally tell who is a good teacher and who is not. (49)It is also true and unfortunate that often the weakest teachers are assigned to teach the neediest students, poor minority kids in inner-city schools: for these children, teachers can be make or break. "The research shows that kids who have two, three, four strong teachers in a row will eventually excel, no matter what their back- ground, while kids who have even two weak teachers in a row will never recover," says Kati Haycock of the Education Trust and coauthor of the 2006 study "Teaching Inequality: How Poor and Minority Students Are Shortchanged on Teacher Quality." (50)Nothing, then, is more important than hiring good teachers and firing bad ones, but here is the rub: al- though many teachers are caring and selfless, teaching in public schools has not always attracted the best and the brightest. There once was a time when teaching (along with nursing) was one of the few jobs not denied to women and minorities. But with social progress, many talented women and minorities chose other and more highly compensated fields. One recent review showed that most schoolteachers are recruited from the bottom third of college-bound high-school students.