BSection I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D./B

Directions: In this section, you are asked to write an essay based on the following information. Make comments and express your own opinion. You should write at least 150 words. 近年来，一些人认为应给予有创造性的艺术家们自由，让他们能够以自己希望的任何方式(文字、图画、音乐或者电影)表达想法，而政府不应该对此进行限制。你是否同意这个观点?

Anyone who has searched for a job fresh out of college knows how difficult it is to get that first job. Sending out hundreds of resumes, only to get a few interviews in the end—if you're lucky!— and if you're very lucky, eventually there's a job offer on the table. Should you grasp it, or wait for something better to come along the way? It depends on whether you are a "maximizer" or a "satisficer". Maximizers want to explore every possible option before choosing a job. They gather every stick of information in the hope of making the best possible decision. If you are a satisficer, however, you make decisions based on the evidence at hand. Simply put, satisficers are more likely to cut their job search short and take the first job offer. Maximizers are more likely to continue searching until a better job offer comes along. Which type of approach yields the better payoff? A maximizer. Specifically, quoting the results of a study of the job search of 548 members of the Class of 2002 by Sheena Iyengar, Rachael Wells, and Barry Schwartz, the maximizers put themselves through more contortions in the job hunt. They applied to twenty jobs, on average, while satisficers applied to only ten, and they were significantly more likely to make use of outside sources of information and support. But it turned out to be worth it: the job offers they got were significantly better, in terms of salary, than what the satisficers got. Satisficers were offered jobs with an average starting salary of $37, 085; the average starting salary offered to maximizers was $44, 515, more than 20 percent higher. The trouble is, however, that higher pay doesn't make maximizers a happier group than satisficers. In fact, maximizers were significantly more likely than satisficers to be unhappy with the offers they accepted. Evidently, being a maximizer can help you earn more income, but that income doesn't buy more happiness, as the maximizer's likely to agonize over the prospect of a better job offer out there he or she missed. Maximizers may have objectively superior outcomes, but they're so busy obsessing about all the things that they could have had, they tend to be less happy with the outcomes they do get.

It has become a recurring theme, and worryingly so. Since October 2015, our planet has experienced ten consecutive months of human-influenced, record-breaking temperature increases. The previous October, November, December, January, February, March, April, May and June months were all documented as the warmest Octobers, the warmest Januarys, the warmest Aprils; global heat highs are the hot new trend and the data suggests they are here to stay. According to NASA, July 2016 is not only the warmest July in history, but the warmest month in recorded history. NASA has tallied temperature changes from 1880 to the present day, with its data showing no signs of a slow-up in rising temperatures. Climate scientists have been perplexed in their attempts to understand the factors pushing the mercury so far up the thermometer this year. El Nino—the phenomenon explaining the unusual warming of surface waters in the east-central zone of the Pacific Ocean—has been tied to increased ocean water temperatures and changes in weather patterns. Important as it is to factor El Nino into the climate change framework, it is highly unlikely that it has contributed significantly to the hurried, upward trend witnessed these past ten months. If anything, focus on the subsiding effects of El Nino risks detracting attention from the pressure asserted on the climate by human activity. Greenhouse gases continue to bloat the atmosphere, trapping heat as atmospheric escape routes are obscured. Further exacerbating the climate change panic seems to be an unusually high temperature currently being experienced in the Arctic region. Arctic sea ice is the most vulnerable to climate change, and is now at a new low with ice cover down to 14. 54m sq km. With no clear solution in sight, the ice is destined to continue melting, with longer melting seasons becoming a normal occurrence. The U. S. National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration have noted a similar trend for the past 14 months, and are expected to release a similar figure for July. Though the rise is expected to taper off towards the end of the year, a scientist drew attention to how there is a "99 percent chance of a new annual record in 2016". As we confront the reality that many of these changes are as a direct consequence of human intervention, it is very possible that without the appropriate response, we could be contending with broken records for years to come.

BSection I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D./B

Long time ago, everyone knew that regular bedtimes were important. "Dream on! " most modern parents might reply. But research by Yvonne Kelly of University College, London, shows that the【C1】______wisdom is right-half the time. Daughters, it seems, do【C2】______regular bedtimes. Sons do not. Dr Kelly knew of many studies that had looked at the connection between sleep habits and cognitive ability in adults and【C3】______. All showed that inconsistent sleeping【C4】______went hand in hand【C5】______poor academic performance. Surprisingly,【C6】______little such research had been done on children She【C7】______examined the bedtimes and cognitive abilities of 11,178 children born in Britain. She collected the bedtime information of the participants when they were nine months, three years, five years and seven years of age.【C8】______asking whether the children had【C9】______bedtimes on weekdays and if they always, usually, sometimes or never made them, she collected information about family【C10】______economic circumstances and other matters—including whether children were read to before they went to sleep and whether they had a television in their bedroom. The children【C11】______were also asked, at the ages of three, five and seven, to take standardized reading, mathematical and spatial-awareness tests, from which their IQs could be【C12】______. Dr Kelly's report shows that by the time children had reached the age of seven, not having had a regular bedtime did seem to【C13】______their cognition, even when other relevant【C14】______such as bedtime reading, bedroom televisions and parents' socioeconomic status were controlled for. But that was true【C15】______if they were female. On the IQ scale, girls who had had regular bedtimes【C16】______between eight and nine points more than those who did not. Boys were not completely unaffected. Irregular bedtimes left their IQs about six points below those of their【C17】______at the age of three. But the distinction【C18】______by the time they were seven. This difference between the sexes is【C19】______Dr Kelly did not expect it and has no explanation to offer for it. As scientists are accustomed to say, but this time with good reason, more research is【C20】______.

Writeanessaybasedonthedrawing.Inyourwriting,youshould1)describethedrawingbriefly,2)interpretitsintendedmeaning,and3)giveyourcomments.Youshouldwriteabout150words.

Directions: In this section, you are asked to write an essay based on the following information. Make comments and express your own opinion. You should write at least 150 words. 多数的网上商店都是有年轻人运作的。一些大学生也试图开办网上商店，以便赚点钱、获得一些社会经验。不同的人对此有不同的看法。你的看法如何?

Directions:Writeanessaybasedonthechart.Inyourwriting,youshould1)interpretthechart,and2)giveyourcomments.Youshouldwriteabout150words.

It is all very well to blame traffic jams, the cost of petrol and the quick pace of modern life, but manners on the roads are becoming horrible. Everybody knows that the【C1】______men become monsters behind the wheel. You might tolerate the odd road-hog, the rude and【C2】______driver, but nowadays the well-mannered motorist is the exception to the rule. Perhaps the situation【C3】______a "Be Kind to Other Drivers" campaign,【C4】______it may get completely out of hand. Road politeness is not only good manners, but good sense too. It takes the most cool-headed and good-tempered of drivers to【C5】______the temptation to revenge when subjected to uncivilized behavior. On the other hand, a little politeness goes a long way【C6】______relieving the tensions of motoring. A friendly nod or a wave of acknowledgement【C7】______an act of politeness helps to create an atmosphere of goodwill and tolerance so【C8】______in modern traffic conditions. But such acknowledgements of politeness are all too【C9】______today. Many drivers nowadays don't even seem able to【C10】______politeness when they see it. 【C11】______, misplaced politeness can also be dangerous. Typical examples are the driver who brakes violently to【C12】______a car to emerge from a side street at some【C13】______to following traffic, when a few seconds later the road would be clear anyway; or the man who waves a child across a zebra crossing into the【C14】______of oncoming vehicles that may be unable to stop in time. The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they care to. A【C15】______driver, whose manners are faultless, told me it would help【C16】______motorists learnt to filter correctly into traffic streams one at a time without causing the total blockages that give rise to bad temper.【C17】______, modern motorists can't even learn to drive, let alone【C18】______the subtler aspects of roadsmanship. Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership【C19】______would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is【C20】______time for all of us to take this message to heart.

In this section, you are asked to write an essay based on the following information. Make comments and express your own opinion. You should write at least 150 words. 最近许多大学校园向游客开放。有的人认为向游客开放大学校园是不必要的，甚至是有害的；但是另一些人认为这样做是有好处的。你的看法如何?

"Nanny" , "tyrant"—these were among the charges hurled at Michael Bloomberg, New York"s mayor, when he proposed a ban on big fizzy-drink bottles last May. The billionaire shrugged and pushed forward. However even Mr Bloomberg must heed a court order. The American Beverage Association, which represents Coca-Cola and other soda companies, has sued. Mr Bloomberg"s ban is due to start on March 12th, but a judge may intervene. Three years after Michelle Obama launched her Let"s Move! campaign, the fight against childhood obesity faces a tactical problem. Recent years have been dipping obesity rates in a few places, including New York, Mississippi and Philadelphia. But 17% of American children are still obese. The question is how to speed up progress. Further bans look increasingly unlikely. Voluntary programs remain politically much easier. Mrs Obama has exhorted firms to take action. Many companies have. On March 6th the Partnership for a Healthier America, a business group, published a report praising its members for putting more grocers in poor areas and healthier foods at restaurants. Sixteen food and beverage companies have promised to slash a combined 1. 5 trillion calories from their products by 2015. Their first progress report is due in June. The long-term effect of these efforts may be slim. For example, even if the food and drink firms keep their promise, they would cut just 14 calories from the average American"s daily diet. Regulations might bring bigger change, but recent years suggest that such rules will come slowly, if at all. Congress did pass a law requiring healthier school lunches, though its effects are limited. Other attempts at national regulation have stalled. Four federal agencies studied voluntary guidelines to limit junk-food advertisements to children. Under pressure from Congress, the agencies dropped the effort. Obamacare requires that all restaurants and cinemas post the number of calories in their foods. The Food and Drug Administration proposed a rule for menus in 2011 , but has yet to finalise the regulation. Cities and states are more likely to act than Congress(hardly a high bar), but they face their own challenges. Last year the beverage lobby spent more than $ 2. 8m to defeat a soda tax in the small city of Richmond, California. Even Mr Bloomberg, the anti-obesity crusade"s most fervent warrior, can only do so much.

BPart BDirections: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following information./B

BSection II Reading Comprehension/B

BSection III Writing/B

A new economics paper has some old-fashioned advice for people navigating the stresses of life: Find a spouse who is also your best friend. Social scientists have long known that【C1】______ people tend to be happier, but they debate whether that is because marriage causes happiness or simply because happier people are more【C2】______ to get married. The new paper, 【C3】______by the National Bureau of Economic Research, controlled for pre-marriage happiness levels. It【C4】______that being married makes people happier and more satisfied【C5】______their lives than those who remain single—particularly during the most stressful periods, like【C6】______crises. Even as fewer people are marrying, the disadvantages of remaining single have broad【C7】______. It's important【C8】______marriage is increasingly a force behind inequality.【C9】______marriages are more common among educated, high-income people, and increasingly out of reach for those who are not. That divide appears to【C10】______not just people' s income and family stability, but also their happiness and stress levels. A quarter of today's young adults will have never married by 2030, which would be the highest【C11】______ in modern history, according to Pew Research Center.【C12】______both remaining unmarried and divorcing are more common among less-educated, lower-income people. 【C13】______, high-income people still marry at high rates and are less likely to divorce. Those whose lives are most difficult could 【C14】______most from marriage, according to the economists who wrote the new paper, John Helliwell and Shawn Grover. "Marriage may be most important when there is that stress in life and when things are going【C15】______," Mr. Grover said. 【C16】______marital happiness long outlasted the honeymoon period.【C17】______some social scientists have argued that happiness levels are innate, so people return to their natural level of well-being【C18】______joyful or upsetting events, the researchers found that the benefits of marriage persist. One【C19】______for that might be the role of friendship within marriage. Those who【C20】______their spouse or partner to be their best friend get about twice as much life satisfaction from marriage as others, the study found.

Directions:Writeanessaybasedonthechart.Inyourwriting,youshould1)interpretthechart,and2)giveyourcomments.Youshouldwriteabout150words.

Directions:Inthispart,youareaskedtowriteanessaybasedonthefollowingtable.Inyourwriting,youshould1)interpretthetableand2)giveyourcomments.Youshouldwriteatleast150words,WriteyouressayonANSWERSHEET2.(15points)

In this section, you are asked to write an essay based on the following information. Make comments and express your own opinion. You should write at least 150 words. 近年来，一些人认为应给予有创造性的艺术家们自由，让他们能够以自己希望的任何方式(文字、图画、音乐或者电影)表达想法，而政府不应该对此进行限制。你是否同意这个观点?

By persistent and sustained practice, anyone and everyone can make the yoga journey and reach the goal of enlightenment and freedom. Krishna, Buddha, and Jesus lie in the hearts of all. They are not film stars,【C1】______idols of worship. They are great inspirational figures whose example is there to be followed. They act as our role models today. Just as they reached Self-Re-alization,【C2】______may we. Many of you may worry that you are【C3】______to meet the challenges that lie ahead. I want to【C4】______you that you can. I am a man who started from【C5】______; I was heavily disadvantaged in many ways. After much time and effort, I began to reach somewhere. I literally【C6】______from darkness to light, from mortal sickness to health, from crude【C7】______to immersion in the ocean of knowledge by one means alone, namely by enthusiastic【C8】______in the art and science of yoga practice. What held good for me will hold good for you too. Today you also have the benefit of many gifted yoga teachers. When I began yoga, there was, I am sorry to say, no wise, kind teacher to【C9】______me. In fact my own instructor refused to answer any of my innocent【C10】______on yoga. He did not【C11】______me as I do my students, offering them step-by-step guidance【C12】______a posture. He would simply demand a posture and【C13】______it to me or his other students to【C14】______how it could be realized. Perhaps that stimulated some stubborn【C15】______of my nature, which allied to unshakable faith in the subject of yoga made me burn to【C16】______. I am passionate, and maybe I needed to show the world that I was not【C17】______. But far more than that, I wanted to find out who I was. I wanted to understand this mysterious and【C18】______"yoga," which could reveal to us our innermost【C19】______, as equally as it revealed those of the universe【C20】______us and our place in it as joyful, suffering, puzzled human beings.