BPart CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese./B

Suppose your younger sister is going to the United States for further education. Write an affidavit of support for her to 1) state that you will financially support her, and 2) give the evidence of your financial resources. You should write about 100 words. Do not use your own name. Use "Li Ming" instead. Do not write your address.

Big companies swallow little ones every day. So the【C1】______on March 25th by Yahoo (annual revenue, $5 billion) of Summly, a British start-up (annual revenue, zero), for a reported $30m would normally【C2】______merely a shrug of the shoulders and some muttering about the【C3】______economics of the internet. The deal is worth noting,【C4】______, for two reasons. One is that Summly's founder, Nick d'Aloisio, is only 17: this summer he will be sitting his【C5】______like other teenagers. He invented an iPhone app to【C6】______articles in 300-400 characters, ideal for the smartphone-user wondering what he should【C7】______reading. Li Ka-shing, a Hong Kong telecoms tycoon, invested money in the【C8】______, having got wind of an early version of the app after tech blogs wrote about it, Mr d'Aloisio says. Famous actors, artists and entrepreneurs have also【C9】______in, taking the sum outsiders invested in Summly to $1.5m. Mr d'Aloisio says that he remained the largest shareholder. The second reason is that Summly is just the latest of half a dozen start-ups【C10】______by Yahoo in as many months. The internet company has also bought Stamped, Alike and Jybe, which built apps for personalized recommendations of,【C11】______other things, books, food and music; OnTheAir, a video-chat company; and Snip.it, which created an app for managing and sharing articles. Marissa Mayer, Yahoo's boss since July, says she is【C12】______make the company a stronger force on smartphones and tablets. Yahoo was born on the desktop, but【C13】______Apple, Google, Amazon and Facebook, points out Thomas Husson of Forrester, a research firm, it【C14】______a mobile platform, such as an operating system or social network, through which to provide its【C15】______. Yahoo, says Mr Husson, "will have to go through the【C16】______platforms to maximize reach". On mobile devices, thinks Mr Husson, personalized content will be especially【C17】______. The companies bought by Yahoo have all been trying to provide【C18】______that. Ms Mayer, who has also improved Yahoo's news and e-mail apps in recent months, has neither time nor money to【C19】______. Had she waited until Mr d'Aloisio left school, it might have been too【C20】______.

BPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D./B

To master the violin takes 10,000 hours of practice. Put in that time and【C1】______will follow. This, at least, is what many music teachers tell their pupils. Psychologists are more【C2】______. Some agree practice truly is the thing that【C3】______experts from beginners, but others suspect genes play a role, too, and that【C4】______the right genetic make-up even 20,000 hours of practice would be pointless. A study just published in Psychological Science, by Miriam Mosing of the Karolinska Institute, in Sweden, suggests that the skeptics are【C5】______. Practicing music without the right genes to【C6】______that practice up is【C7】______useless. Dr Mosing drew her【C8】______in a time-honored way—by studying twins. She and her colleagues【C9】______1,211 pairs of identical twins (who share all their genes) and 1,358 pairs of fraternal twins (who share half). They asked each participant【C10】______he or she played a musical instrument or actively【C11】______singing. Those who did were asked to【C12】______how many hours a week they had practiced at different ages. From this Dr Mosing was able to calculate a【C13】______for each individual's lifetime practice. Anyone who did not play an instrument or sing got no point. Next, Dr Mosing tested her volunteers' musical a-bilities. Expert musicians are exceptionally good at【C14】______differences in pitch, melody and rhythm. She therefore expected to find that if someone had put in【C15】______practice time his musical ability would be as high as an expert's. But that was not true. In fact, there appeared to be no【C16】______between practice and musical ability of the sort she was measuring. A twin who practiced more than his genetically identical co-twin did not appear to have better musical abilities as a result. In one case the difference between two such twins was 20,228 hours of practice,【C17】______the pair's measured musical abilities were found to be the same. That is not to say practice has no【C18】______. Playing an instrument and singing are physical skills, and do take a long time to【C19】______. And Dr Mosing has shown that musical ability has a big genetic【C20】______.

In this section, you are asked to write an essay based on the following information. Make comments and express your own opinion. You should write at least 150 words. 一些人认为高校应该提供更多关于流行音乐、电影、广告和电视节目等课程，因为当代文化比以前的艺术和文学与学生关系更加紧密。你的观点是什么?

People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviors are formed. It is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not, or why one is【C1】______and another is competitive. Social scientists are, of course, extremely interested in these types of questions. They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and【C2】______certain behaviors. There are no clear answers yet, but two【C3】______schools of thought on the matter have【C4】______. As one might expect, the two approaches are very different from one another, and there is a great deal of【C5】______between proponents of each theory. The controversy is often【C6】______as "nature v. nurture". Those who support the "nature" side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are【C7】______determined by biological and【C8】______factors. That our environment has【C9】______, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behavior is central to this theory. Taken to an extreme, this theory【C10】______that our behavior is predetermined to such a great degree that we are almost completely【C11】______by our instincts. Proponents of the "nurture" theory, or,【C12】______they are often called, behaviorists, claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts【C13】______determining how we will act. A behaviorist, B. F. Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely【C14】______by their surroundings. The behaviorists" view of the human being is quite【C15】______; they maintain that, like machines, humans【C16】______to environmental stimuli as the【C17】______of their behavior. The social and political implications of these two theories are profound. In the United States, blacks often score below whites on standardized intelligence tests. This leads some "nature" proponents to conclude that blacks are biologically inferior to whites. Behaviorists,【C18】______, say that differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often deprived of many of the educational and other environmental【C19】______that whites enjoy. Neither of these theories can yet fully explain human behavior. In fact, it is quite likely that the【C20】______to our behavior lies somewhere between these two extremes.

BSection I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D./B

Barack Obama, in his state-of-the-union speech on February 12th, called for a new era of scientific discovery. " Now it is the time to reach a level of research and development not seen since the height of the space race," he declared. He praised projects to map the human brain and accelerate regenerative medicine. This would mean spending more on research. As The Economist went to press, America"s government was about to do the opposite. Federal spending is due to be cut on March 1st, the result of a long brawl over the deficit. Complex politics triggered this" sequester "(Congress excels at nothing if not elaborate dysfunction)but the sequester itself is brutally simple. America will cut $ 85 billion from this year"s budget(about 2.5% of spending), split between military and non-military programmes. Among the areas to be squeezed is R companies pay for later stages of development. For example, the NIH supported early research into monoclonal antibodies. By 2010 such research underpinned five of America"s 20 bestselling drugs. As drug firms trim their budget, the NIH"s work is becoming even more vital. But since 2003 , inflation-adjusted spending on medical research has declined.

In April, British researchers at University College London found that, rather than the recommended five, seven daily portions of fresh fruit and vegetables were the key to health. They【C1】______that seven daily portions of fresh fruit and vegetables or more could reduce the risk of cancer by 25 percent and of heart disease by 31 percent,【C2】______to people who consumed less than one portion a day. The study was【C3】______the eating habits of more than 65,000 people in England【C4】______2001 and 2008. But a new study into the field of【C5】______eating says the famous five-a-day recommendation made by the UN's World Health Organisation (WHO) in 2003 should be fine. Researchers in China and the United States went through 16 published investigations into diet and health【C6】______more than 830,000 participants, who were【C7】______for periods ranging from four and a half years to 26 years. Every additional daily serving of fruit and vegetables reduced the【C8】______risk of premature death from all【C9】______by five percent, the scientists found.【C10】______the period of the studies, 56,000 of the participants died, researchers said. In the case of death from a heart attack or a stroke, each additional serving【C11】______risk by four percent. 【C12】______there was no evidence of an additional fall in risk beyond five portions, according to the【C13】______published online Tuesday by the British Medical Journal (BMJ). "We found a threshold of around five servings a day of fruit and vegetables, after which the risk of death did not reduce【C14】______," said the investigators, led by Frank Hu of the Harvard School of Public Health in Boston, Massachusetts. High consumption of fruit and vegetable did not translate into a【C15】______reduction in the risk of death from cancer, the study also found.【C16】______advising patients about the【C17】______of healthy eating, doctors should also push home the message about risks from obesity, inactivity, smoking and【C18】______drinking, said the paper. The London researchers【C19】______to being surprised by what they found and【C20】______the results may not be applicable to other countries.

Do you wake up every day feeling too tired, or even upset? If so, then a new alarm clock could be just for you. The clock, called SleepSmart, measures your sleep cycle, and waits【C1】______ you to be in your lightest phase of sleep【C2】______ rousing you. Its makers say that should【C3】______ you wake up feeling refreshed every morning. As you sleep you pass【C4】______ a sequence of sleep states—light sleep, deep sleep and REM (rapid eye movement) sleep—that【C5】______ approximately every 90 minutes. The point in that cycle at which you wake can【C6】______ how you feel later, and may【C7】______ have a greater impact than how much or little you have slept. Being roused during a light phase【C8】______ you are more likely to wake up energetic. SleepSmart【C9】______ the distinct pattern of brain waves【C10】______ during each phase of sleep, via a headband equipped【C11】______ electrodes(电极)and a microprocessor. This measures the electrical activity of the wearer' s brain, in much the【C12】______ way as some machines used for medical and research【C13】______ , and communicates wirelessly with a clock unit near the bed. You【C14】______ the clock with the latest time at【C15】______ you want to be wakened, and it【C16】______ duly(适时地) wakes you during the last light sleep phase before that. The【C17】______ was invented by a group of students at Brown University in Rhode Island【C18】______ a friend complained of waking up tired and performing poorly on a test.【C19】______ sleep-deprived people ourselves, we started thinking of【C20】______ to do about it, " says Eric Shashoua, a recent college graduate and now chief executive officer of Axon Sleep Research Laboratories, a company created by the students to develop their idea.

Writeanessaybasedonthedrawing.Inyourwriting,youshould1)describethedrawingbriefly,2)explainitsintendedmeaning,and3)giveyourcomments.Youshouldwriteabout150words.

BPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D./B

BSection III Writing/B

Climate change is supposed to unfold slowly, over decades. But that is not true up in the great white north, as those attending the AAAS meeting"s session on climate change in the Arctic were reminded. Temperatures there are 2°C higher than their long-term average, and the upper layers of parts of the Arctic Ocean are hotter than they have been for at least 2,000 years. Summer sea ice has been vanishing faster than even the gloomiest researchers thought likely, with some now predicting the first completely ice-free summer as soon as the 2020s. The Arctic is not, though, isolated from the rest of the world; rapid changes there could have knock-on effects elsewhere. Whether or not that is happening was a question addressed by Jennifer Francis, an atmospheric scientist at Rutgers University. It is a topical subject. Along with much of the rest of America, Chicago endured a fierce and prolonged cold snap in January, in which temperatures fell to -27°C, the lowest since 1884. Meanwhile, Brits at the conference were fleeing a country that had been soaked by the heaviest winter rains in two and a half centuries, and battered by a seemingly endless succession of Atlantic storms and gales. Campaigners in both countries have been quick to blame climate change for the rotten weather. But things are rarely so straightforward in climatology. The best Dr Francis could offer was a theory as to why a warmer Arctic might be expected to lead to wilder weather in mid-latitudes, and some tentative but suggestive evidence that this is already happening. Her idea rests on the jet stream, a powerful, persistent, high-altitude " river of air" which flows around the world from west to east, affecting the weather as it goes. The jet stream is driven in part by the temperature difference between cold Arctic air and the warmer air of middle latitudes. Because the Arctic is warming more rapidly than the rest of the planet, that difference is shrinking. This ought to produce a less potent jet stream. And a less potent jet stream is a more unpredictable one.

As the internet and social media become increasingly embedded in how we connect with and understand the world around us, so does the language we use to access that experience. Today the UN argues that speakers of non-dominant languages need to be able to express themselves online in culturally meaningful ways, and urges governments to develop comprehensive language-related policies that support and facilitate online linguistic diversity and multilingualism. "The internet is becoming the town square for the global village of tomorrow," said Bill Gates. But if the vast majority of the world's languages don't have a digital future, what will speakers have to sacrifice to be heard in the "digital town square"? Closing the digital divide clearly has huge potential to empower individuals around the world.

BSection II Reading Comprehension/B

BSection I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D./B

If you want to succeed, you have to be passionate【C1】______your work. It has to be true. 【C2】______speakers around the globe say so. The prestigious consulting firm Deloitte quantified it in a report that said, "Up to 87. 7 percent of America's workforce is not able to contribute【C3】______their full potential because they don't have enthusiasm for their work. " Enthusiasm for your work intensifies focus, provides the drive to persist when challenges【C4】______, and enables creativity. It is also important to remember【C5】______passion can fade and relationships with too much of it early on can result【C6】______disillusionment. You see this at work when a formerly "passionate" employee becomes jaded and cynical because things just aren't as they used to be in the past. If you are fortunate to work every day at a career or job about which you are passionate,【C7】______yourself lucky. The reality is, according to the Deloitte study, there【C8】______that many people who are enthusiastic about what they do. You can't easily toss the dispassionate masses aside and hire all new people who are in love with what you do. 【C9】______, some jobs and industries just don't elicit passion. Many companies need people to perform jobs that never appear on anyone's most desirable list. They are often physically challenging, somewhat monotonous, and provide low wages. They may have limited【C10】______for advancement, and they exist in industries that are profitable but not sexy. One of my manufacturing clients perfectly【C11】______this description, and despite the difficult environment , people show【C12】______and do a great job every day. They aren't particularly crazy about their jobs, but they are driven by an immense pride in their performance. A positive【C13】______of pride is grounded in humility. It establishes and maintains a reputation for excellence. Pride doesn't【C14】______shortcuts, and most important, it maintains high standards when passion for the job has diminished. At the【C15】______of the day, you can't ignore the impact of passion. Virtually【C16】______raises their hands when I ask seminar participants if they would do their ideal jobs for less than one percent of what they make today. We should, however, pay more attention【C17】______pride. Pride speaks to character, and character is an excellent indicator of the quality and commitment of the work. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. said: "If a man is called to be a street sweeper, he should sweep streets【C18】______as Michelangelo painted, or Beethoven composed music, or Shakespeare wrote poetry. He should sweep streets so well that all the hosts of heaven and earth will【C19】______to say, here lived a great street sweeper who did his job well. " Most assume that Dr. King was talking about the importance of passion【C20】______of the status of your position. Perhaps, however, we missed the real message about having personal pride in your performance.

The EU's climate chief is seeking to extend the bloc's renewable energy targets, in a move apparently designed to protect the green energy sector from an intensifying attack by the gas industry. This is the first time the European commission has【C1】______the issue of official targets beyond 2020, when the current commitment—to【C2】______20% of energy from renewable sources—expires. An extension would boost the renewable energy industry【C3】______lobbying efforts by the gas industry, which is trying to rebrand gas【C4】______a cheaper "green" alternative to renewables. In its【C5】______to push this line, the gas industry has held a series of high-level meetings with senior【C6】______in the European commission and the European parliament, 【C7】______with the governments of member states. Connie Hedegaard, the climate change commissioner in Brussels, is【C8】______at the lobbying, and is determined to maintain Europe's【C9】______in developing renewable energy and clean technology. "We should be looking to avoid a lock-in to fossil fuels," she said. "We should be discussing a renewable energy target for 2030. We need to have【C10】______targets. It would be one way to send a long-term price【C11】______for renewable energy—that renewable energy is not just going to stop growing after 2020." The push to extend the target is likely to be【C12】______by some member states who fought hard against the 2020 targets when they were unveiled in early 2007. Poland is known to be concerned that its heavy【C13】______on coal may attract penalties, and Italy has a history of【C14】______climate targets. An official in the department of Gunther Oettinger, the EU commissioner for energy, said no targets were【C15】______needed for later. He is also against raising the current target to【C16】______emissions from 20% by 2020 to 30%,【C17】______some member states—including the UK, France and Germany-have proposed. In its "Roadmap to 2050", the European commission【C18】______that the share of low-carbon technologies—【C19】______renewables, nuclear power, and carbon capture and【C20】______—in the electricity mix would have to rise to 75% or 80% by 2030.