BPart CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese./B
Directions:Writeanessaybasedonthediagrams.Inyourwriting,youshould1)describethediagrams,and2)giveyourcomments.Youshouldwriteabout150words.
Mammals vary enormously in size, from weighing less than a penny to measuring more than three school buses in length. Some groups of mammals have become very large, such as elephants and whales,【C1】______others have always been small, like primates. A new theory developed by an international team, led by Jordan Okie,【C2】______an explanation for why and how【C3】______groups of organisms are able to evolve【C4】______sizes, whereas others are not. The research team【C5】______information on how quickly an individual animal grows and used it to【C6】______how large it may get【C7】______evolutionary time. Their research was published recently. The new theory developed from the observation that some animals【C8】______fast and die young, while others take their time and mature much later. "Fast" animals-such as mice—breed very quickly, while humans mature slowly and are relatively older when they first have children. The theory【C9】______that those species that are relatively faster are more likely to evolve a large size quicker than slow species, and that their maximum size will be greater. The research team tested their theory using the【C10】______records of mammals over the last 70 million years, examining the maximum size of each mammal group【C11】______that time, including whales, elephants, seals and primates. They found that their theory was very well【C12】______. "Primates have evolved very slowly, and never got bigger than 1,000 pounds," said Okie, "The【C13】______was true of whales, which evolved their large size at the fastest【C14】______recorded." The theory also makes predictions about the relative risks of extinction for large animals【C15】______small. The maximum size of an animal is limited by the rate of mortality in the【C16】______. Because larger animals【C17】______breed less frequently than smaller animals,【C18】______the mortality rate doubles, the maximum size is predicted to be 16 times smaller. "This is a really surprising【C19】______," said Okie. "It points to another reason why many of the large animals went【C20】______after the last Ice Age, and their high risk of extinction in modern environments."
Directions:Writeanessaybasedonthechart.Inyourwriting,youshould1)interpretthechart,and2)giveyourcomments.Youshouldwriteabout150words.
BSection II Reading Comprehension/B
BPart CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese./B
BPart CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese./B
Directions:Writeanessaybasedonthechart.Inyourwriting,youshould1)describethechart,and2)giveyourcomments.Youshouldwriteabout150words.
Suppose you are studying in Washington University. You lost your passport by accident yesterday. Write a letter to the Chinese Embassy in Washington to 1) give details of what happened, and 2) ask what you should do next. You should write about 100 words. Do not use your own name. Use "Li Ming" instead. Do not write your address.
Write an email of about 100 words to relevant departments to give some advice on how to live a low-carbon life. You should include the details you think necessary. You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. Do not use your own name. Use "Li Ming" instead. Do not write the address. (10 points)
You have to quit your current job due to personal reasons. Write a resignation letter to 1) explain your reasons for leaving, and 2) inform your boss of the detail of your leaving. You should write about 100 words neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. Do not sign your own name. Use "Li Ming" instead. Do not write your address.
Kelly Sortino had a tough time recalling what she'd accomplished at the end of each busy workday. Her job as head of the upper school for the Crystal Springs Uplands School in Hillsborough, Calif, often【C1】______ working 12-hour days, including weekends and evenings. She enjoyed the【C2】______ but worried that she wasn' t accomplishing everything she needed to. "I felt as if I wasn' t really having the time to do more of the strategic and【C3】______work to make those larger changes at the school." says Ms. Sortino. She decided to【C4】______a workshop at Stanford University on how to simplify work processes and reduce waste. She learned, 【C5】______, to block out her time more efficiently and minimize distractions. She also【C6】______ herself to systematically completing her daily task list and to completely clearing her email inbox and workspace on a regular【C7】______. The changes 【C8】______a marked improvement in her time management. Ms. Sortino【C9】______works on weekends, but only as needed. It's a tough time to be productive. Globalization, increased competition and the jarring immediacy of technology have made it difficult for modern employees to【C10】______on top of their growing workloads while maintaining a good work-life balance. 【C11】______, experts say small adjustments to how employees 【C12】______work can have a big impact on their workplace efficiency.Learn to prioritize and to commit yourself to working in【C13】______blocks of time throughout the day. A 2009 Stanford University study found that multitasking is less productive than single-tasking and that many self-proclaimed multitaskers have difficulty【C14】______out irrelevant information, further【C15】______their performance. It's especially important to【C16】______what motivates the decisions your boss makes. Most subordinates have an employee-centric view【C17】______their managers, which tends not to be accurate. A better understanding of your boss can help you to "sell" the advice about【C18】______changes that can benefit the department and company.【C19】______with your boss to prioritize important work and eliminate unproductive tasks. Employees may think changing job functions is risky,【C20】______being proactive can impress your boss.
BPart BDirections: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following information./B
Directions:Writeanessaybasedonthechart.Inyourwriting,youshould1)interpretthechart,and2)giveyourcomments.Youshouldwriteabout150words.
Suppose your roommate Jim has suffered from psychological problems. Worried about him as you are, you don"t know how to help him. Write a letter to a psychological expert, Professor White, to 1) inform him about the details, and 2) ask for advice. You should write about 100 words. Do not use your own name. Use "Li Ming" instead. Do not write your address.
BPart BDirections: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following information./B
You've now heard it so many times, you can probably repeat it in your sleep. President Obama will no doubt make the point publicly when he gets to Beijing: the Chinese need to consume more; they need — believe it or not — to become more like Americans, for the sake of the global economy. And it's all true. But the other side of that equation is that the U.S. needs to save more. For the moment, American households actually are doing so. After the personal-savings rate dipped to zero in 2005, the shock of the economic crisis last year prompted people to snap shut their wallets. In China, the household-savings rate exceeds 20% . It is partly for policy reasons. As we've seen, wage earners are expected to care for not only their children but also their aging parents. And there is, to date, only the flimsiest (脆弱的) of publicly-funded health care and pension systems, which increases incentives for individuals to save while they are working. But China is a society that has long esteemed personal financial prudence (谨慎) for centuries. There is no chance that will change anytime soon, even if the government creates a better social safety net and successfully encourages greater consumer spending. Why does the U. S. need to learn a little frugality(节俭) ? Because healthy savings rates are one of the surest indicators of a country's long-term financial health. High savings lead, over time, to increased investment, which in turn generates productivity gains, innovation and job growth. In short, savings are the seed corn of a good economic harvest. The U.S. government thus needs to act as well. By running constant deficits, it is dis-saving, even as households save more. Peter Orszag, Obama's Budget Director, recently called the U. S. budget deficits unsustainable and he's right. To date, the U. S. has seemed unable to see the consequences of spending so much more than is taken in. That needs to change. China's leaders might gently hint that Beijing is getting a little nervous about the value of the dollar — which has fallen 15% since March, in large part because of increasing fears that America's debt load is becoming unmanageable. That's what happens when you're the world's biggest creditor: you get to drop hints like that, which would be enough by themselves to create international economic chaos if they were ever leaked. (Every time any official in Beijing deliberately publicly talks about seeking an alternative to the U. S. dollar for the $2. 1 trillion China holds in reserve, currency traders have a heart attack.) If Americans saved more and spent less, consistently over time, they wouldn't have to worry about all that.
It took decades to prove that cigarette smoking causes cancer, heart disease, and early death. It took【C1】______years to establish that secondhand smoke also kills. Now scientists are worried about another cigarette-related phenomenon: thirdhand smoke. It"s real, and it"s found everywhere. Without knowing it, indoor smokers have left a toxic【C2】______that continues years after their last cigarette was extinguished. Researchers now know that thirdhand smoke combines with some substances to create new compounds. Thirdhand smoke【C3】______and settles with dust,【C4】______down to carpeting and furniture【C5】______, and makes its way deep into the material in paneling and wall. It【C6】______in the hair, skin, clothing, and fingernails of smokers—【C7】______a mother who doesn"t smoke【C8】______her kids, smokes outside, then comes inside and holds the baby is exposing that child to thirdhand smoke. The new compounds are【C9】______to clean up, have a long life of their own, and many may cause cancer. And the contamination becomes more toxic【C10】______time. No one knows, in this relatively new field of research, how long the compounds created by smoke and environmental pollutants last. "In homes where we know no smoker has lived for 20 years, we"ve still found【C11】______of these compounds in dust, in wallboard," says a scientist. But scientists do know that babies and children are most【C12】______to the toxic effects of thirdhand smoke. They【C13】______on rugs, fall asleep on carpets, and teethe on furniture, all of which could be【C14】______with thirdhand smoke. Researchers aren"t just worried about the risk of cancer. Thirdhand smoke could be【C15】______other health problems. Those who move into houses or apartments【C16】______owned by smokers might be exposed as well. And thirdhand smoke is difficult to【C17】______. It"s virtually impossible to remove this stuff【C18】______you remove the flooring and wall. Experts say much more work needs to be done on the【C19】______of the problem, the health risks, and effective ways to clean up the compounds. They advise parents not to expose their children to thirdhand smoke, not to【C20】______hotel rooms or cars used by smokers.
BPart B/B
BSection I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D./B