单选题Ever won the lottery? No? But did that stop you buying another lottery ticket? If the answer is another "no", you might call yourself an optimist. According to researchers at University College London, human beings are sanguine creatures. It is all in the brain, they say. A study suggests that human brain is very efficient at processing good news: about 80% of people have a tendency to see the glass as half-full, not half-empty, even if they don"t consider themselves to be optimists. The good news is that this brings a health benefit. Having a positive outlook on life reduces anxiety. A study of nearly 100,000 women showed a lower risk of death from heart disease among optimists. But there are problems in always having an optimistic attitude. The authors of the study point out that the 2008 financial crisis may have been caused by analysts overestimating their assets" performance even in the face of clear evidence to the contrary. There are personal health risks too. Dr Tali Sharot, lead researcher, said: ""Smoking Kills" messages don"t work since people think their chances of cancer are low. There"s a very fundamental tendency in the brain." But, as they say, every cloud has a silver lining. Even if seeing the world through rose-colored glasses poses a risk to our health, it"s not something that is likely to cause us to lose sleep. Let"s just keep our chins up and keep smiling!

单选题He was offered the presidency of that country but he Udeclined/U it, saying that he didn't have good health.

单选题Passage Four The questioning of the role of the publie gallery is not a new phenomenon. It is something that has been argued over since its very conception, and the debate is ongoing. "Museum' and 'gallery' are interchangeable words to describe any building used to exhibit objects of historic or artistic interest. Museums, in this sense, are a relatively recent phenomenon, going back no more than a couple of hundred years, to the latter part of the eighteenth century. During this period until the mid twentieth century, they were designed to resemble older ceremonial monuments such as palaces and temples which signified their associations with secular, and not religious beliefs. Secular truth meant a rational, verifiable and objective knowledge and thus, Art Museums, not only because of the scientific and humanistic disciplines practiced in them, such as conservation, art history, archaeology etc. , were seen as preservers of the community's official cultural memory. Consequently, it can be argued that museums should be placed at the centre of the modern relations between government and culture. As a powerful social metaphor and as an instrument of historical representation, museums are crucial measurements of social changes. The idea of the museum has to, therefore, be 'reborn' and some of its characteristics and challenges are clear. An understanding that communication is the basis on which culture is both maintained and transformed, demands a new approach to museum pedagogy. Schools and Colleges Programmes have become an integral part of museums globally. The Irish Museum of Modern Art which opened in nineteen ninety-one, for example, has a major education initiative inherent in its ethos. It has developed a number of programmes and projects intended to address the needs of specific groups, such as schools and colleges. During the academic year, IMMA invites teachers and tutors from pre-primary, primary, secondary and third-level schools and colleges to bring their class groups to the museum for pre-booked tours, gallery talks or to meet artists participating in the Artist's Residency Programme. In Britain, local education authorities are developing a range of new initiatives to encourage effective co-operation between schools and museums. Schools can integrate what they have learned from museum resources into many aspects of the curriculum which also contributes to preparing pupils for the opportunities and experiences of adult life. Examples given indicate how work in history and art is enhanced by access to museum resources and the possibilities of learning are improved by first hand experience. Links between museums and schools are the foundation for wider contacts between museums and their communities but these liaisons between museums and the worlds of education must take new forms and use new strategies if we are to capture the interest and imagination of a new generation.

单选题This is one of the best students that I ______. A. even have known B. have ever known C. know D. knew

单选题She can't walk without holding ______ someone's arm.

单选题Tom is in favour of going to the movies, ______ Jack insists on playing football. A. while B. meanwhile C. when D. at the same time

单选题When we think of entrepreneurs, most of us imagine dynamic, successful, over-achievers like Bill Gates of Microsoft, Richard Branson of Virgin Airlines, Inc. or Jim Boyle of Columbia Sportswear, to name a few contemporary heroes. The truth is that we often fail to recognize entrepreneurs all around us: the corner grocery store owner, the family physician who opens a medical practice in our neighborhood, or the young person who delivers the morning paper. Each is creating business opportunities through entrepreneurship, although the process of entrepreneurship would be markedly different from each other. According to Jeffery Timmons, author of "New Venture Creation" (1990), there are three crucial components for a successful new venture: the opportunity, the entrepreneur, and the resources needed to start the company and make it grow. The opportunity is the idea for a new business. The entrepreneur is the person who develops the idea for a business into a business. Resources include money, people and skill. In this unit, we focus on entrepreneurs, one of the critical ingredients for success of a new business: Who are they? What makes them tick? One factor which distinguishes Bill Gates from the morning paper deliverer is the level of business success each desires to achieve. Determining what success means to you is a crucial element in the early stages of new venture planning. How you measure success in life shapes your views of business opportunities and small business. We begin this unit with a look at success: what it means and how it is measured.Defining Success through Personal Evaluation “Most people spend less time planning their new business than they do their family vacation” (Canadian Small Business,1997). Yet, selecting the right business idea and planning for its success are crucial steps in new venture planning. You will learn more about opportunity identification, or how to find and evaluate business ideas. For now, let's focus on success. Success is how you define it. What success means to you will not likely be what success means to someone else. Success is very personal and subjective. We usually measure success in one of three ways: Success can be measured in dollars, usually earnings. Success can be measured by the value of our possessions, including our home. Success can be measured through our personal values. Whether you define success by money, possessions, personal values or a combination of the three is up to you. How we define success significantly influences our selection of a business to start. Our view of success becomes our framework for evaluating business opportunities. If we think a business opportunity has the potential to raise us to our desired level of success, we give it further consideration. If not, we usually discard the idea. For example, if the paper deliverer defined success as earning $75.00 of spending money per month and he or she was earning $200.00 per month, then they would consider their venture highly successful.Visioning and Goal Setting for Business Success Planning for business success begins with an understanding of ourselves, who we are and where we want to go in our professional lives. Enrolling in college is one step toward fulfilling our vision of the future. Two processes which are helpful to would-be entrepreneurs are visioning and goal-setting. Success begins with a vision of who we are, what drives us and what we want. This vision of ourselves is the foundation that will give us guidance and direction in the conduct of our lives and businesses. Visioning involves development of a clear mental picture of what we would like to become in the next five to ten years. Goal-setting involves developing a list of things you would like to achieve in your personal or professional lives—your goals. Goal-setting is the action plan for achieving your vision of life. According to the authors of "Canadian Small Business," goals should be "SMART," i.e. Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, and Time-oriented. Entrepreneurship begins with an understanding of who we are and where we want to go. For millions of Canadians, starting a business of their own was the path chosen to get them where they wanted to go. Understanding what success means to you and the level of success you are willing to accept in life is one of the first stages of new venture planning. Visioning and goal-setting are tools you can use to develop a clear picture of who you are, where you are going and what you need to do to get there.

单选题Robert: What are you doing?Ellen: Trying to get this wine stain out of the carpet.Robert: Hang on. There's some soda in here, It should take the stain right out.Ellen: Really? Hey, ______.

单选题What is new about the slaves' stories?

单选题The females in the rat population were ______ by the high population density.

单选题{{B}}Passage One{{/B}} Following the disaster at Chernobyl, nuclear experts proposed a program to make nuclear power around the world safer. At the top of the agenda were fundamental improvements in the training of operators and the design of control systems for reactors. The International Atomic Energy Agency also chose the meeting on the Chernobyl accident to announce it would step up its safety checks of nuclear power stations. Up to that time, with more than 300 nuclear power plants operating worldwide, the IAEA had sent safety review teams to inspect stations in only nine countries, mostly in the Third World. Now the emphasis would switch to reactors in the developed world, including the Soviet Union, US and Britain. According to regulations, an international safety review could be undertaken by the IAEA only following a formal request from a member country. However, the meeting in Vienna produced a list of 14 recommendations for future action following the Soviet report on Chernobyl. The IAEA meeting said that better fire protection and more advanced techniques for firefighting were needed. The possibility of developing lightweight clothing to protect firefighters from radiation was of particular interest; so was the use of robot firefighters. The Soviet Union used minerals and sand to damp down the fires. Both Soviet and Western experts agreed there was no way of knowing in advance if this would work. Luckily, it did. Decontamination (去除放射性污染) was another area where the international nuclear community was anxious to learn more from Chernohyl. The Soviet clean-up involved treating buildings and the ground around the reactor with special chemicals to reduce the spread of radioactive dust. Heavily contaminated soil was removed. At the final press conference about the Chemohyl accident, the leader of the Soviet delegation (代表团) claimed that Chernobyl would not be repeated. There would have to be greater efforts to make sure that the design of nuclear plants eliminated the possibility of errors by operatorns. This would include making it difficult to override (使无效) safety systems, as happened at Chernobyl. It would also mean greater use of simulators (模拟装置) to train operators.

单选题Today is the anniversary of that afternoon in April a year ago that I first saw the strange and appealing doll(玩具娃娃)in the window of Abe Sheftel's toy shop on Third Avenue near Fifteenth Street, just around the corner from my office, where the plate on the door reads: Dr. Samuel Amory. I remember just how it was that day: the first hint of spring floated across the East River, mixing with the soft-coal smoke from the factories and the street smells of the poor neighborhood. As I turned the comer on my way to work and came to Sheftel's, I was made once more aware of the poor collection of toys in the dusty window, and I remembered the approaching birthday of a small niece of mine in Cleveland, to whom I was in the habit of sending modest gifts. Therefore, I stopped and examined the window to see if there might be anything suitable, and looked at the confusing collection of unappealing objects- a red toy fire engine, some lead soldiers, cheap baseballs, bottles of ink, pens, yellowed envelopes, and advertisements for soft-drinks. And thus it was that my eyes eventually came to rest upon the doll stored away in one corner, a doll with the strangest, most charming expression on her face. I could not wholly make her out, due to the shadows and the film of dust through which I was looking, but I was aware that a tremendous impression had been made upon me as though I had run into a person, as one does sometimes with a stranger, with whose personality one is deeply impressed.

单选题He was in a hurry and left things in a real ______.

单选题Being an intelligent boy, he ______ such a foolish mistake.

单选题In the United States, it is not customary to telephone someone very early in the morning. If you telephone him early in the day, while he is shaving or having breakfast, the time of the call shows that the matter is very important and requires immediate attention. The same meaning is attached to telephone calls made after 11:00 p.m. If someone receives a call during sleeping hours, he assumes it"s a matter of life and death. The time chosen for the call communicates its importance. In social life, time plays a very important part. In the USA guests tend to feel they are not highly regarded if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date. But it is not true in all countries. In other areas of the world it may be considered foolish to make an appointment too far in advance because plans which are made for a date more than a week away tend to be forgotten. The meaning of time differs in different parts of the world. Thus, misunderstandings arise between people from cultures that treat time differently; promptness (准时) is valued highly in American life, for example. If people are not prompt, they may be regarded as impolite or not fully responsible. In the US no one would think of keeping a business friend waiting for an hour; it would be too impolite. A person who is 5 minutes late is expected to make a short apology. If he is less than 5 minutes late, he will say a few words of explanation, though perhaps he will not complete the sentence.

单选题People sometimes succeed in timely avoiding danger because______.

单选题The president, with his wife and daughter, (are) returning (from) a brief vacation at Sun Valley in order (to attend) a press conference (this afternoon).

单选题Plastic heart valves and other human "spare parts" have ______ possible many recent developments in surgery. A. made it B. been made C. made D. become

单选题Son: May I play my computer game for an hour? Father: ______

单选题 FIVE-DAY WEATHER TODAY TOMORROW SUNDAY MONDAY TUESDAY High 29 Low 21 High 28 Low 20 High 27 Low 19 High 26 Low 17 High 24 Low 16 Variably cloudy Mainly cloudy with isolated showers ending in the afternoon Sunny with cloudy periods developing in the afternoon Thunder- showers (POP 8O%) Windy with thundershowers and possibly storm in the north Sunrise: 6:35 a. m. Sunset: 8:04 p. m. Sunrise: 6:36 a. m. Sunset: 8:02 p. m. Sunrise: 6:38 a. m. Sunset: 8:00 p. m. Sunrise: 6:40 a. m. Sunset: 7:57 p. m. Sunrise: 6:42 a. m. Sunset: 7:55 p. m.