A. Or they could read Mr. Kirby's report: "The substantial buying power of such an agency would strengthen the public prescription—drug insurance plans to negotiate the lowest possible purchase prices from drug companies. "B. What does "national" mean? Roy Romanow and Senator Michael Kirby recommended federal provincial body much like the recently created National Health Council.C. According to the Canadian Institute for Health Information, prescription drug costs have risen since 1997 at twice the rate of overall health-care spending. Part of the increase comes from drugs being used to replace other kinds of treatment. Part of it arises from new drugs costing more than older kinds. Part of it is higher prices.D. So, if the provinces want to run the health-care show, they should prove they can run it, start-ing with an interprovincial health list that would end duplication, save administrative costs, prevent one province from being played off against another, and bargain for better drug prices. E. Of course, the pharmaceutical companies will scream. They like divided buyers: they can lobby better that way. They can use the threat of removing jobs from one province to another. They can hope that, if one province includes a drug on its list, the pressure will cause others to include it on theirs. They wouldn't like a national agency, but self-interest would lead them to deal with it. Canada's premiers(the leaders of provincial government), if they have any breath left after complaining about Ottawa at their late July annual meeting, might spare a moment to do something, to reduce health-care costs. They're all groaning about soaring health budgets, the fastest-growing components of which are pharmaceutical costs.【R1】______ What to do? Both the Romanow commission and the Kirby committee on health care—to say nothing of reports from other experts—recommended the creation of a national drug agency. Instead of each province having its own list of approved drugs, bureaucracy, procedures and limited bargaining power, all would pool resources, work with Ottawa, and create a national institution.【R2】______ But "national" doesn't have to mean that, "National" could mean interprovincial—provinces combining efforts to create one body. Either way, one benefit of a "national" organization would be to negotiate better prices if possible , with drug manufacturers. Instead of having one province—or a series of hospitals within a province—negotiate a price for a given drug on the provincial list, the national agency would negotiate on behalf of all provinces. Rather than, say, Quebec, negotiating on behalf of seven million people, the national agency would negotiate on behalf of 31 million people. Basic economics suggests the greater the potential consumers, the higher the likelihood of a better price.【R3】______ A small step has been taken in the direction of a national agency with the creation of the Canadian Coordinating Office for Health Technology Assessment, funded by Ottawa and the provinces. Under it, a Common Drug Review recommends to provincial lists which new drugs should be included. Predictably, and regrettably, Quebec refused to join. A few premiers are suspicious of any federal-provincial deal-making. They(particularly Quebec and Alberta)just want Ottawa to fork over additional billions with few, if any, strings attached. That's one reason why the idea of a national list hasn't gone anywhere, while drug costs keep rising fast.【R4】______ Premiers love to quote Mr. Romanow's report selectively, especially the parts about more federal money. Perhaps they should read what he had to say about drugs: "A national drug agency would provide governments more influence on pharmaceutical companies in order to try to constrain the ever-increasing cost of drugs. "【R5】______ So when the premiers gather in Niagara Falls to assemble their usual complaint list, they should also get cracking about something in their jurisdiction that would help their budgets and patients.

The purpose of a______is to cut down imports in order to protect domestic industry and workers from foreign competition.

A. the next half centuryB. reducing death ratesC. developing worldD. infectious diseasesPhrases: A. could potentially become the toughest problem of【T13】 1B. provides the tools and methods for lengthening life spans and【T14】 2C. with virtually all the new growth occurring in the【T15】 3D.【T16】 4are much less frequent due largely to public health measures It is the application of technology to physical resources that provides for human life and eventually sets the limits on the number of people who can be fed, but technology also【T17】 5As a result, high birth rates are no longer closely matched by high death rates as they were until modern times:【T18】 6: and physical vitality has been increased by improved nutrition. These changes have brought about what is today familiarly called the "population explosion" which, unless checked,【T19】 7If the current rate of population growth continues in some parts of the world, the world population is expected to reach 9. 1 billion by 2050,【T20】 8while the total population of richer countries is expected to remain largely unchanged at 1. 2 billion. 【T13】

A. By the door, on the wallB. I'm shaking all overC. Why do you need a shovel Liz: Geez! Your room is like an ice-box!Terri: No, it's not! It's just comfortable.Liz: Yeah, if you're a polar bear. Just look at me!【D1】______!Terri: But you don't have to stay here. I think you're exaggerating!Liz: No, I'm not! Where's the temperature control?Terri:【D2】______Liz: No wonder I'm cold! This thing is set at 17℃!Terri: Like I said—perfect!Liz: If you live in Alaska. By the way, where's the shovel?Terri:【D3】______?Liz: So I can dig us out when it starts snowing here.

The central government has been working hard to keep China's economy______.

{{B}}Part Ⅰ Oral Communication{{/B}}

A. we are all booked up for Flight 802 on that day.B. I'd like to make a reservation to Boston next week.C. what about the fare? Agent: Good morning. The United Airlines. What can I do for you?Caller: Yes,【D1】______Agent: When do you want to fly?Caller: Monday, September 12.Agent: We have Flight 802 on Monday. Just a moment please. Let me check whether there're seats available. I'm sorry【D2】______Caller: Then, any alternatives?Agent: The next available flight leaves at 9- 30 Tuesday morning September 13. Shall I book you a seat?Caller: Er...It is a direct flight, isn't it?Agent: Yes, it is. You want to go first class or coach?Caller: I prefer first class, 【D3】______Agent: One way is $ 176.Caller: OK. I will take the 9: 30 flight on Tuesday.Agent: A seat on Flight 807 to Boston 9' 30 Tuesday morning. Is it all right, sir?Caller: Certainly.

{{B}}ClozeDirections: In this part, there is a passage with 15 blanks. For each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.{{/B}}

{{B}}Reading ComprehensionDirections: There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.{{/B}}

Perhaps all criminals should be required to carry cards which read: Fragile; Handle with Care. It will never do, these days, to go around referring to criminals as violent thugs. You must refer to them politely as "social misfits". The professional killer who wouldn't think twice about using his club or knife to batter some harmless old lady to death in order to rob her of her meager life-savings must never be given a dose of his own medicine. He is in need of "hospital treatment". According to his misguided defenders, society is to blame. A wicked society breeds evil—or so the argument goes. When you listen to this kind of talk, it makes you wonder why we aren't all criminals. We have done away with the absurdly harsh laws of the nineteenth century and this is only right. But surely enough is enough. The most senseless piece of criminal legislation in Britain and a number of other countries has been the suspension of capital punishment. The violent criminal has become a kind of hero-figure in our time. He is glorified on the screen; he is pursued by the press and paid vast sums of money for his "memoirs". Newspapers which specialize in crime reporting enjoy enormous circulations and the publishers of trashy cops and robbers stories or "murder mysteries" have never had it so good. When you read about the achievements of the great train robbers, it makes you wonder whether you are reading about the some glorious resistance movement. The hardened criminal is cuddled and cosseted by the sociologists on the one hand and adored as a hero by the masses on the other. It's no wonder he is a privileged person who expects and receives VIP treatment wherever he goes. Capital punishment used to be a major deterrent. It made the violent robber think twice before pulling the trigger. It gave the cold-blooded poisoner something to ponder about while he was shaking up or serving his arsenic cocktail. It prevented unarmed policemen from being killed while pursuing their duty by killers armed with automatic weapons. Above all, it protected the most vulnerable members of society, young children, from brutal violence. It is horrifying to think that the criminal can literally get away with murder. We all know that "life sentence" does not mean what it says. After ten years or so of good conduct, the most desperate villain is free to return to society where he will live very comfortably, thank you, on the proceeds of his crime, or he will go on committing offences until he is caught again. People are always willing to hold liberal views at the expense of others. It's always fashionable to pose as the defender of under-dog, so long as you, personally, remain unaffected. Did the defenders of crime, one wonders, in their desire for fair-play, consult the victims before they suspended capital punishment? Hardly. You see, they couldn't, because all the victims were dead.

The leaders of the two countries are planning their summit meeting with a pledge to maintain and develop good ties.

A. Dream of falling down.B. Dream of running hard.C. Dream of being pushed away.D. Dream of flying into the air. Dreams play an important role in our lives. If they can be correctly explained, we can come to understand ourselves better. Here, we look at four common dreams and what they potentially symbolize.【R1】______ I can see their laughing faces...laughing at me. But they aren't as smart. If they were, they'd be up here flying with me! This dream has both positive and negative connotations(涵义). On the positive side, the dream may express a strong desire to travel and get away from everyday routine. It can be interpreted as a powerful desire to achieve. On the other hand, this dream can mean the person has a problem or is afraid of something and they wish to escape. The dream could represent an inferiority complex(自卑情结), which the dreamer attempts to escape from by putting themselves up above others.【R2】______ I'm moving from fast now, but it's still behind me. Doesn't matter how fast I go, I still can't escape. Although this is a traditional symbol of health and vitality(生命力)like the other one, it can also suggest the dreamer is trying to escape from danger. Usually, fear is prominent emotion. By running hard, the dreamer can possibly escape the threat. However, they can also stumble(蹒跚)or worse still stop moving altogether. This makes dream even more terrifying(恐怖的). One possible interpretation suggests that the dreamers are under pressure in their everyday life.【R3】______ I'm sweating and my heart is beating. I am trapped in my own bed. In this dream, the person is often standing on a high, exposed place such as on the top of a tower, or on the edge of a cliff. The overwhelming(强烈的)feeling changes from anxiety to a loss of control. There is nothing to stop the person, and the feeling as they go over the edge can be horrifying real. Fortunately, just before hitting the ground, the dreamer awakens with a sense of enormous relief. This dream suggests that the dreamer is afraid of losing control and has a fear of failure or even death.【R4】______ The wind is pushing me and I slip. There is nothing I can do, nothing I can hold on to. This symbol is associated with fear: suddenly the dreamer loses all power of movement. They try hard to move their arms and legs, but they simply cannot. Frozen in a terrifying situation with no escape, they become more and more terrified as the seconds go by. Another frequent context for this dream is failing to do something in public, often something which you are normally very good at, such as your job. Not only is this extremely embarrassing, but is also shows a deep-seated phobia(恐惧)of losing a job and a livelihood.

A. I want to check in.B. You may board now.C. I'm afraid your bag is four kilos overweight,A: Is this the right counter for CAL Flight 305 to Washington? B: Yes, it is. May I help you?A: 【D1】______Here are my ticket and passport.B: Please put your baggage on the scales.A: Sure. I still have one shoulder bag. May I carry it with me on board?B: Of course, you can. 【D2】______madam.A: How much should I pay for the excess weight?B: You'll have to pay 40 yuan for the excess baggage. Ten yuan for each kilogram.A: What is the gate number of my flight?B: It's gate 5.A: What time do I have to be at the gate?B: 【D3】______Here is your boarding pass.

Writing about music is like dancing about architecture, or so the saying goes. Sometimes attributed to Frank Zappa, other times to Elvis Costello, this quote is usually intended to convey the futility of such an endeavor, if not the complete silliness of even attempting it. But Glenn Kurtz's graceful memoir, Practicing: A Musician's Return to Music, turns the expression on its head, giving it a different meaning by creating a lovely, unique book. Kurtz picked up the guitar as a kid in a music-loving family, attended the Long Island music school, and went on to play on Merv Griffin's TV show before graduating from Tufts University. Motivating the young Kurtz was the dream of reinventing classical guitar, as if by his great ambition alone he could push it from the margins of popular interest to center stage—something not even accomplished by the late Spanish guitarist Andres Segovia , perhaps the only artist of the form ever to reach anything resembling widespread celebrity. This book reads like a love story of sorts: Boy meets guitar. Boy loves guitar. Guitar breaks boy's heart or, more precisely, the ordinariness of a working musician's life does so. "I'd just imagined the artist's life naively, childishly, with too much longing, too much poetry and innocence and purity," Kurtz writes. "The guitar had been the instrument of my dreams. Now the dream was over." Boy leaves guitar. Were the story to end here, this book would be a tragedy, but after nearly a decade the boy returns to guitar, and although he has lost the enthusiasm he had in his youth, he finds his love of the guitar again in a way he never could have appreciated before. Although Kurtz is writing about a unique musical path, his journey speaks eloquently to the heart of anyone who has ever desperately yearned to achieve something and felt the sting of disappointment. "Everyone who gives up a serious childhood dream—of becoming an artist, a doctor, an engineer, an athlete—lives the rest of their life with a sense of loss, with nagging what ifs," he writes. "Is that time and effort, that talent and ambition, truly wasted?"

【T3】

A. Nokia posts $ 1. 38bn loss in fourth qtrB. Gold surges to 7-week high of $ 1720C. R-Power ropes in German utility for miningD. "We are creating, not stealing jobs in US, Europe" 【R1】______ London: Gold prices soared Thursday to the highest level in almost seven weeks as the dollar weakened after the US Federal Reserve vowed to keep interest rates near zero for more than two years. The precious metal rose up to $ 1,720. 35 an ounce on the London Bullion Market — the highest level since December 9 but still far below the record peak of $1,921. 15 struck on September 6. "With the US Federal pledging to keep interest rates in check until late 2014, gold soared," said Rose Norman, boss of British-based bullion broker Sharp Pixley. " Although there was heavy speculative buying, anxious investors joined the fray who are concerned by currency depreciation as global central banks use easy monetary policies to flood markets with cash. " 【R2】______ Davos: With HCL Tech announcing 10,000 jobs for locals in the US and Europe, India Inc on Thursday chose the WEF meet to send a strong message that India IT firms are creating and not stealing jobs in troubled western economies. A message emerged from British PM David Cameron's advice to EU that instead of being a threat, emerging economies like India can be of great help to Europe. Concluding FTA with India by the year-end would be in Europe's interest, he said. "There has to be FTAs, bilateral trade agreements with countries like India and Singapore along with other countries," he said. 【R3】______ Helsinki: Mobile phone maker Nokia Corp posted a fourth-quarter net loss of 1.70 billion euro($ 1. 38bn)as sales slumped 21% even as the company's first Windows smart phones hit markets in Europe and Asia. The loss compares with a profit of 745 million euro in the same period a year earlier. Nokia said net revenue, including both its mobile phones and its network divisions, fell from 12. 6 billion euro in the Q4 of 2010 to 10 billion, with smartphones plunging 23%. Nokia has lost its once-dominance in the global cell phone market, with Android phones and iPhones overtaking it in the growing smartphone segment. Nokia is attempting a comeback with phones using Microsoft's Window software, a struggle that CEO Stephen Elop characterized as "war of eco-systems. " 【R4】______ New Delhi: Anil Ambani's R-Power has roped in RWE Power International of Germany to help the company with extracting coal from its captive mines of the Tilaiya ultra-mega power project, the third such plant the government has mandated the company to set up. RWE Power is one of Europe's leading energy utilities and German's biggest coal miner. The company would help R-Power design and plan the engineering aspects of captive mine and procurement of equipment and ensure quality control. Government has allocated Kerendari Band C coal blocks of North Karanpura coal fields in Jharkhand to meet the fuel requirements of the Tilaiya project. These mines have reserve of over 1 billion ton. The company plans to produce 40 million tons of coal per year.

{{B}}Part V Text CompletionDirections: In this part there are three short texts.For each text,you should first fill in the blanks in the choices A,B,C (and D) with the best answer provided in the rectangle.Then,complete the text itself by filling in each of the blanks with the completed A,B,C (or D).Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.{{/B}}

The training of human intelligence must include the simultaneous development of the empathetic capacity.

beautiful street art had trouble withA. galleries are collecting the work of【T7】______B. others think it is a very【T8】______ new form of cultureC.【T9】______ the police and the local government Street art is a very popular form of art that is spreading quickly all over the world. You can find it on buildings, sidewalks, street signs and trash cans from Tokyo to Pairs, from Moscow to Cape Town. Street art has become a global culture and even art museums and【T10】______ Street art started out very secretly because it is illegal to paint public and private property without permission. People often have different opinions about street art. Some think it is a crime and【T11】______ Art experts claim that the movement began in New York in the 1960s. Young adults sprayed words and other images on walls and trains. This colorful, energetic style of writing became known as graffiti(涂鸦). Graffiti art showed that young people wanted to rebel against society. They didn't want to accept rules and travelled around cities to create paintings that everyone could see. In many cases they【T12】______

{{B}}Section ADirections: In this section there are two incomplete dialogues and each dialogue has three blanks and three choices A,B and C,taken from the dialogue.Fill in each of the blanks with one of the choices to complete the dialogue and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.{{/B}}