The judge remained sober despite the lawyer's ludicrous attempt to prove the defendant's innocence.

A. I really can't wait that long.B. The bus stop is not far from here.C. It can take you right there.A: Excuse me. Could you tell me which bus I should take to go to the railway station?B: I think you'd better take the No.16 bus.【D4】______ .A: How often dose this bus go there? B: Every fifteen minutes.A:【D5】______ . Are there any other buses that can take me there?B: The No. 2 bus also goes to the railway station. You may take it. A: Where can I find the bus?B:【D6】______ . Go straight on and you can easily find it.A: Thanks a lot. B: You are welcome.

Acid rain leads to fish mortality. Many species of fish cannot survive in aquatic environments where the pH is below 5. 0. If the water is too acid, the gill systems of many kinds of fish can be damaged.【C1】______, the acid alters the blood chemistry of all fish. As a result, the fish population in an acidic environment decreases or becomes extinct. Approximately 20 percent of the lakes in Scandinavia are without fish. Moreover, in Nova Scotia the【C2】______ salmon industry may be threatened by the decrease of salmon in rivers and streams. The impact is also considerable in the waters of Ontario and Quebec, where fish populations are【C3】______ the decline. What potential remedies exist for the acid rain issue? The experts disagree. Some say new environmental laws should be【C4】______ to control the emission of pollutants in the atmosphere. Some say that if we had known how serious acid rain was, we would have planned better to prevent it.【C5】______, all agree that if the consumption of fossil fuel were reduced, we would have less of a problem. Another【C6】______ is that special scrubbers could be installed in smokestacks to remove a good【C7】______ of the pollutants before they get into the atmosphere. Other ideas even include breeding more tolerant fish. And research suggests that spreading lime into lakes may be effective in【C8】______ acidity. In conclusion, it is clear that if we truly want to reduce the impact of acid rain, a【C9】______ of remedies and international cooperation must be explored. It is a sad fact that acid rain probably could have been avoided if we【C10】______ what we know now.

Researchers analysed the diet of 16, 000 people in 52 countries and identified three global eating patterns. The typical Western diet, high in fat, salt and meat, accounted for about 30% of heart attack risk in any population. A "prudent" diet high in fruit and vegetables lowered heart risk by a third. An Oriental diet, high in torn, soy and other sauces, made no difference to heart attack risk. People who ate a Western diet had a 35% greater risk of having a heart attack than those who ate little or no fried. The typical Western diet has been widely linked to heart disease. High salt in the diet can raise blood pressure and the wrong type of fat can clog(阻塞)blood vessels. Ellen Mason, a cardiac nurse for the British Heart Foundation, said: "This study shows that it doesn't matter whether you live in Bolton or Bombay, or whether you like to eat British, African Caribbean or Asian foods. The vital thing is to reduce your intake of salty, fried, fatty food to a minimum but increase the amount of fruit and vegetables you eat. "

Why do so many Americans distrust what they read in their newspapers? The American Society of Newspaper Editors is trying to answer this painful question. The organization is deep into a long self-analysis known as the journalism credibility project. Sad to say, this project has turned out to be mostly low-level findings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, combined with lots of head-scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want. But the sources of distrust go way deeper. Most journalists learn to see the world through a set of standard templates (patterns) into which they plug each day's events.

{{B}}Part Ⅰ Oral Communication{{/B}}

A. give presentation B. new innovation C. uploadedPhrases:A. how to help poor people with all sorts of【T9】______B. all the speeches are【T10】______to their websitesC. 【T11】______on a variety of topics TED is a set of conference, held in various cities around the world every year. With speakers— also from various parts of the globe—【T12】______, for everyone to see. TED conferences invite speakers to【T13】______. The different speakers are usually experts in their field and talk about new ideas and recent developments that are important to their work. The speakers are often also well known, with people such as Microsoft giant Bill Gates and world-renowned chimpanzee expert, Jane Goodall, having given talks. There are many talks on environmentalism, for example, and on international development, aid work, and【T14】______.While the talks cover a wide variety of topics, all speakers have a strict time limit—each presentation must last no longer than 18 minutes.

For millions of years before the appearance of the electric light, shift work, all-night cable TV and the Internet, the Earth's creatures evolved on a planet with predictable and reassuring 24-hour rhythms. Our biological clocks are set for this daily cycle. Simply put, our bodies want to sleep at night and be awake during the day. Most women and men need between eight and eight and a half hours of sleep a night to function properly throughout their lives.(Contrary to popular belief, humans don't need less sleep as they age.) But on average, Americans sleep only about seven and a half hours per night, a marked drop from the nine hours they averaged in 1910. What's worse, nearly one third of all Americans get less than six hours of sleep on a typical work night. For most people, that's not nearly enough. Finding ways to get more and better sleep can be a challenge. Scientists have identified more than 80 different sleep disorders. Some sleeping disorders are genetic. But many problems are caused by staying up late and sleeping in, by traveling frequently between time zones or by working nights. Dr. James. F. Jones at National Jewish Medical and Research Center in Denver says that sleep disorders are often diagnosed as other discomforts. About one third of the patients referred to him with possible chronic fatigue syndrome actually have treatable sleep disorders. "Before we do anything else, we look at their sleep," Jones says. Sleep experts say that most people would benefit from a good look at their sleep patterns. "My motto(座右铭)is 'Sleep defensivejy'," says Mary Carskadon of Brown University. She says people need to carve out sufficient time to sleep, even if it means giving up other things. Sleep routines—like going to bed and getting up at the same time every day—are important. Pre-bedtime activities also make a difference. As with Elaner, who used to suffer from sleeplessness, a few lifestyle changes—avoiding stimulants and late meals, exercising hours before bedtime, relaxing with a hot bath—yield better sleep.

Amtrak (美国铁客运公司) was experiencing a downswing in riders hip (客运量) along the lines comprising its rail system. Of major concern to Amtrak and its advertising agency DDB Needham, were the long-distance western routes where ridership had been declining significantly.At one time, trains were the only practical way to cross the vast areas of the west. Trains were fast, very luxurious, and quite convenient compared to other forms of transportation existing at the time. However, times change and the automobile became America's standard of convenience. Also, air travel had easily established itself as the fastest method of traveling great distances. Therefore, the task for DDB Needham was to encourage consumers to consider other aspects of train travel in order to change their attitudes and increase the likelihood that trains would be considered for travel in the west. Two portions of the total market were targeted: 1) anxious fliers—those concerned with safety, relaxation, and cleanliness and 2) travel-lovers—those viewing themselves as relaxed, casual, and interested in the travel experience as part of their vacation. The agency then developed a campaign that focused on travel experiences such as freedom, escape, relaxation, and enjoyment of the great western outdoors. It stressed experiences gained by using the trains and portrayed western train trips as wonderful adventures. Advertisements showed pictures of the beautiful scenery that could be enjoyed along some of the more famous western routes and emphasized the romantic names of some of these trains (Empire Builder, etc. ). These ads were strategically placed among family-oriented TV shows and programs involving nature and America in order to most effectively reach target audiences. Results were impressive. The Empire Builder, which was focused on in one ad, enjoyed a 15 percent increase in profits on its Chicago to Seattle route.

Write a composition of at least 150 words about the topic：On Students Selecting Lecturers．You should write according to the outline given below： 1．有些大学允许学生自由选择某些课程的任课教师 2．学生选择教师时所考虑的主要因素 3．学生自选任课教师的益处和可能产生的问题

In today's world, peace, development and cooperation is the trend of the times, the international environment is conducive to peace and development in general. At the same time, the international financial crisis far-reaching influence, the world economic growth is slowing down, global demand structure change, appear on the market, resources, talents, technology, standard of more competitive, climate change and energy resources security, food safety diseases — all more prominent, and various forms of protectionism growth and development of the external environment is more complex. We must grasp the new global economic division, actively create participate in international economic cooperation and competition advantage.

We no longer keep up the close friendship of a few years ago though we still visit each other on occasion .

Physicists were thinking far ahead their time in a very intelligent way. They saw what was going to happen before it actually did. They thought about modern computing in the 1950s, they imagined a lot of the technological progress that we would see only decades later in the real world. They were asking very theoretical questions because these ideas were still so far removed from practice. And they asked very moral questions as well, because the things they conceptualized could be used for great good or for great evil. It could go either way, so moral judgments had to be made.

{{B}}ClozeDirections: In this part, there is a passage with 15 blanks. For each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.{{/B}}

【T16】

{{B}}Paper TwoTranslation{{/B}}

A Evidently we didn't understand the direction, B for we made a wrong turn and found C us lost, D confused as to which way we should go.

Governments that want their people to prosper in the burgeoning world economy should guarantee two basic rights: the right to private property and the right to enforceable contracts, says Mancur Olson in his book Power and Prosperity. Olson was an economics professor at the University of Maryland until his death in 1998. Some have argued that such rights are merely luxuries that wealthy societies bestow, but Olson turns that argument around and asserts that such rights are essential to creating wealth. "Incomes are low in most of the countries of the world, in short, because the people in those countries do not have secure individual rights," he says. Certain simple economic activities, such as food gathering and making handicrafts, rely mostly on individual labor; property is not necessary. But more advanced activities, such as the mass production of goods, require machines and factories and offices. This production is often called capital-intensive, but it is really property-intensive, Olson observes. "No one would normally engage in capital-intensive production if he or she did not have rights that kept the valuable capital from being taken by bandits, whether roving or stationary," he argues. "There is no private property without government—individuals may have possessions, the way a dog possesses a bone, but there is private property only if the society protects and defends a private right to that possession against other private parties and against the government as well." Would-be entrepreneurs, no matter how small, also need a government and court system that will make sure people honor their contracts. In fact, the banking systems relied on by developed nations are based on just such an enforceable contract system. "We would not deposit our money in banks..., if we could not rely on the bank having to honor its contract with us, and the bank would not be able to make the profits it needs to stay in business if it could not enforce its loan contracts with borrowers," Olson writes. Other economists have argued that the poor economies of Third World and communist countries are the result of governments setting both prices and the quantities of goods produced rather than letting a free market determine them. Olson agrees there is some merit to this point of view, but he argues that government intervention is not enough to explain the poverty of these countries. Rather, the real problem is lack of individual rights that give people incentive to generate wealth. " If a society has clear and secure individual rights, there are strong incentives (刺激，动力) to produce, invest, and engage in mutually advantageous trade, and therefore at least some economic advance," Olson concludes.

A. it is very important for you to be punctual.B. Informal clothes convey the impression that you are not serious about the job,C. it is always easier said than done.A: Hi, Alan. I feel very nervous because I am going to have a job interview next Monday. Could you please give me some suggestions?B: Sure. Firstly,【D1】______Interviewers usually don't think much of a candidate who comes 5 or 10 minutes late only to explain that he could not find the place or he was stuck in traffic.A: Yeah, that is very important.B: Secondly, you need to create a good image in a limited time.A: I will try my best to make a good impression but【D2】______B: I think you should make some preparations. For example, you should take care to appear well-groomed and modestly dressed. What's more, try to avoid a too causal style.A: Can I wear T-shirt and jeans for the job interview?B: You'd better not. 【D3】______or that you may be casual about your work as you are about your clothes.

A. The building with the green pyramidal roof is the Peace HotelB. We can see that when we take the boat trip on the Huangpu River tonightC. What an imposing sceneD. many of them bear western stylesGuide: Please look to the west. That is the world-renowned Bund.Richard:【D7】______ !Guide: Generally speaking, the Bund refers to the 24 buildings from No. 1 to No. 33 west of No. 1 East Zhongshan Road.Richard: I see【D8】______ .Guide: Yes. Shanghai used to have a lot of foreign concessions before 1949. At that time, Shanghai was known as the "paradise of foreign adventurers". Many foreigners, mostly Europeans, came to try their luck here. That's why you see buildings of different architectural styles here, Spanish, Greek, Roman and Russian.Richard: What are these buildings for today?Guide: To the north of the Waibaidu Bridge is the Shanghai Mansion.【D9】______ .The one in classical architectural style is the office building of Pudong Development Bank and the one made of huge granite blocks is the office of the Shanghai Customs. You can see the big clock on top.Richard: Yes, I do see that.Guide: These buildings look splendid at night when all lights are turned on. Sometimes there are also outdoor performances there as well.Richard: I can imagine that.Guide:【D10】______ .