单选题Psychologist George Spilich and colleagues at Washington College in Chestertown, Maryland, decided to find out whether, as many smokers say, smoking helps them to "think and concentrate". Spilich put young non-smokers, active smokers and smokers deprived (被剥夺) of cigarettes through a series of tests. In the first test, each subject (试验对象) sat before a computer screen and pressed a key as soon as he or she reeognized a target letter among a grouping of 96. In this simple test, smokers, deprived smokers and nonsmokers performed equally well. The next test was more complex, requiring all to scan sequences of 20 identical letters and respond the instant one of the letters transformed into a different one. Non-smokers were faster, but under the stimulation of nicotine (尼古丁), active smokers were faster than deprived smokers. In the third test of short-term memory, non-smokers made the fewest errors, but deprived smokers committed fewer errors than active smokers. The fourth test required people to read a passage, then answer questions about it. Non-smokers remembered 19 percent more of the most important information than active smokers, and deprived smokers bested those who had smoked a cigarette just before testing. Active smokers tended not only to have poorer memories but also had trouble separating important information from insignificant details. "As our tests became more complex," sums up Spilieh, "non-smokers performed better than smokers by wider and wider margins. " He predicts, "smokers might perform adequately at many jobs until they got complicated. A smoking airline pilot could fly adequately if no problems arose, but if something went wrong, smoking might damage his mental eapaeity./

单选题A: I have no idea where to go in the Spring break. Got any suggestions? B: I'm not sure.______

单选题{{B}}Passage Four{{/B}} Curt Dunnam bought a Chevrolet Blazer with one of the most popular new features in high-end cars: the OnStar personal security system. The heavily advertised communications and tracking feature is used nationwide by more than two million drivers, who simply push a button to connect, via a built-in cellphone, to a member of the OnStar staff. A Global Positioning System, or G. P. S. , helps the employee give verbal directions to the driver or locate the car after an accident. The company can even send a signal to unlock car doors for locked-out owners, or honk the horn to help people find their cars in an endless plain of parking spaces. The biggest selling point for the system is its use in thwarting car thieves. Once an owner reports to the police that a car has been stolen, the company can track it to help intercept the thieves, a service it performs about 400 times each month. But for Mr. Dunnam, the more he learned about his car's security features, the less secure he felt. He has enough technical knowledge to worry that someone else-law enforcement officers, or hackers-could listen in on his phone calls, or gain control over his automotive systems without his knowledge or consent. "While I don't believe G. M. intentionally designed this system to facilitate such activities, they sure have made it easy," he said. Mr. Dunnam said he had become even more concerned because of a federal appeals court case involving a criminal investigation, in which federal authorities had demanded that a company attach a wiretap to tracking services like those installed in his car. The suit did not reveal which company was involved. A three-judge panel in San Francisco rejected the request, but not on privacy grounds; the panel said the wiretap would interfere with the operation of the safety services. OnStar has said that its equipment was not involved in that case. An OnStar spokeswoman, Geri Lama, suggested that Mr. Dunnam's worries were overblown. The signals that the company sends to unlock car doors or track location-based information can be triggered only with a secure exchange of specific identifying data, which ought to deter all but the most determined hackers, she said.

单选题Learners of a foreign language are advised to try to ______ the meaning of a new word from the context.

单选题He had a clear ______of what was wrong with the machine and fixed it in a short time.

单选题The (people native) to the northwest coast of North American have long (be known) (for) wood carvings (of) stunning beauty and extraordinary quality.A. people nativeB. be knownC. forD. of

单选题{{B}}Passage One{{/B}} The heart bypass (心脏搭桥术)has become part of our cultural life. It has come to seem like a ceremony of passage for the successful male, a red symbol of courage in midlife. Six hundred thousand bypass operations are performed a year in the United States. After a bypass, most heart patients experience significant relief from the peculiar discomfort in the chest caused by insufficient blood to the heart muscle. In some cases the surgery can dramatically extend life. American heart patients, who now number about 12 million, are enthusiastic about the surgery. Bypass is one of the most common major operations in America. In private, however, many of my fellow workers in medicine suspect that bypass has become too popular. A recent Harvard study showed that as many as two-thirds of patients referred for bypass don't need it or could have it postponed. In Canada and Britain, where physicians perform bypass surgery much less frequently than they do in America,heart patients fare just as well. In addition, bypassing a blocked section of an artery does nothing to ;prevent the artery (动脉) from getting clogged somewhere else. In fact, bypass surgery can accelerate the development of new blockage. But bypass did not have to prove itself. It has become hugely popular. Voices of caution were drowned out as more and more hospitals raced to offer bypass. By 1979,100 000: bypasses a year were taking place, and 10 years later the figure has risen to 260 000. Medical students were keen to train in cardiac (心脏的) surgery; for all the hard training, it was a advancing ,challenging field. In fact, the rewards are handsome. There is more money to be made performing this surgery than there is in practicing in almost any other field of medicine. The idea of bold surgeons reaching into our bodies to save a wounded heart cannot but exert a powerful grip on our imaginations, as if we are witnessing a cultural ceremony where two overachieving individuals—surgeon and patient—come together, Bypass may indeed be both a life-extending and pain-relieving procedure for many patients. But perhaps it has transfixed us for too long.

单选题Guthrie's contiguity principle offers practical suggestions for how to break habits. One application of the threshold method involves the time young children spend on academic activities. Young children have short attention spans, so the length of time they can sustain work on one activity is limited. Most activities are scheduled to last no longer than 30 to 40 minutes. However, at the start of the school year, attention spans quickly wane and behavior problems often result. To apply Guthrie's theory, a teacher might, at the start of the year, limit activities to 15 to 20 minutes. Over the next few weeks the teacher could gradually increase the time students spend working on a single activity. The threshold method also can be applied to teaching printing and handwriting. When children first learn to form letters, their movements are awkward and they lack fine motor coordination. The distances between lines on a page are purposely wide so children can fit the letters into the space. If paper with narrow lines is initially introduced, students' letters would spill over the borders and students might become frustrated. Once students can form letters within the larger borders, they can use paper with smaller borders to help them refine their skills. The fatigue method can be applied when disciplining disruptive students who build paper airplanes and sail them across the room. The teacher can remove the students from the classroom, give them a large stack of paper, and tell him to start making paper airplanes. After the students have made several airplanes, the activity should lose its attraction and paper will become a cue for not building airplanes. Some students continually race around the gym when they first enter their physical education class. To employ the fatigue method, the teacher might decide to have these students continue to run a few more laps after the class has begun. The incompatible response method can be used with students who talk and misbehave in the media center. Reading is incompatible with talking. The media center teacher might ask the students to find interesting books and read them while in the center. Assuming that the students find the books enjoyable, the media center will, over time, become a cue for selecting and reading books rather than for talking with other students. In a social studies class some students regularly fall asleep. The teacher realized that using the board and overhead projector while lecturing was very boring. Soon the teacher began to incorporate other elements into each lesson, such as experiments, and debates, in an attempt to involve students and raise their interest in the course.

单选题Woman: John says that he is confident that he can win the game.Man: He'll succeed when pigs fly.Question: What does the man mean?

单选题Sometimes the students may be asked to write about his ______ to a certain book or article that has some bearing on the subject being studied.

单选题The Internet has been developing at a speed ______ people's expectations in the past two decades.

单选题The perpetual motion of the earth as it turns on its axis creates the change of seasons.

单选题Hunters have almost exterminated many of the larger animals while farmers destroyed many smaller animals.

单选题The statement was {{U}}an allusion{{/U}} to recent troubles with the agency's computers.

单选题Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph?

单选题Although interior design has existed since the beginning of architecture, its development into a specialized field is really quite recent. Interior designers have become important partly because of the many functions that might be (56) in a single large building. The importance of interior design becomes (57) when we realize how much time we (58) surrounded by four wails. Whenever we need to be indoors, we want our surroundings to be (59) attractive and comfortable as possible. We also expect (60) place to be appropriate to its use. You would be (61) ff the inside of your bedroom were suddenly changed to look (62) the inside of a restaurant. And you wouldn't feel (63) in a business office that has the appearance of a school. It soon becomes clear that the interior designer's most important (64) is the function of the particular (65) . For example, a theater with poor sight lines, poor sound-shaping qualities, and (66) few entries and exits will not work for (67) purpose, no matter how beautifully it might be (68) . Nevertheless, it is not easy to make suitable (69) for different kinds of space, lighting and decoration of everything from ceiling to floor. (70) addition, the designer must usually select furniture or design built-in furniture according to the functions that need to be served.

单选题A: You can take it. It's not occupied.B: ______

单选题Man: My roommate and I have decided to do our own cooking next semester.Woman: Then, I hope you'll have a lighter schedule than this term.Question: What problem does the woman think the man may have?

单选题Man: I have to fill out these forms. They are due at the registration office by tomorrow morning. Woman: You were just complaining about how broke you are. If I were you, I'd make that my first priority. Question: What does the woman mean?

单选题Most people would be impressed by the high quality of medicine available to most Americans. There is a lot of specialization, a great deal of attention to the individual, a vast amount of advanced technical equipment, and intense effort not to make mistakes because of the financial risk which doctors and hospitals must face in the courts if they handle things badly. But the Americans are in a mess. The problem is the way in which health care is organized and financed. Contrary to public belief, it is not just a free competition system. To the private system has been joined a large public system, because private care was simply not looking after the less fortunate and the elderly. But even with this huge public part of the system, which this year will eat up 84.5 billion dollars—more than 10 percent of the U.S. budget—large numbers of Americans are left out. These include about half the 11 million unemployed and those who fail to meet the strict limits on income fixed by a government trying to make savings where it can. The basic problem, however, is that there is no central control over the health system. There is no limit to what doctors and hospitals charge for their services, other than what the public is able to pay. The number of doctors has shot up and prices have climbed. When faced with toothache, a sick child, or a heart attack, all the unfortunate person concerned can do is pay up. Two-thirds of the population are covered by medical insurance. Doctors charge as much as they want knowing that the insurance company will pay the bill. The medical profession has as a result become America's new big businessmen. The average income of doctors has now reached $100,000 a year. With such vast incomes the talk in the doctor's surgery is as likely to be about the doctor's latest financial deal, as about whether the minor operation he is recommending at several thousand dollars is entirely necessary. The rising cost of medicine in the U.S.A. is among the most worrying problem facing the country. In 1981 the country's health cost climbed 15.9 percent—about twice as fast as prices in general.