问答题Passage Two Earthquakes

问答题你攻读博士学位的目标是 ______. 2．你确定这一目标的原因是 ______. 3．你将如何努力实现。 清华大学2005年博士研究生入学考试英语试题

问答题Part B Directions: Translate the following into English. 消除贫困是当代世界的重大课题。发达国家应该从提供资金、减免债务、转让技术、 平等贸易等方面，支持和帮助发展中国家振兴经济，提高人民的生活水平，这也符合发达 国家的长远利益，各国经济共同增长和普遍繁荣，是人类努力的方向。

问答题Directions: Please read the following article in Chinese carefully, and then write a summary of 200 words in English on the ANSWER SHEET. Make sure that you cover all the major points of the article. 护士在糖尿病护理中既可以发挥专家的作用，也可以只承担其中的部分护理工作。不管是何种场所的护理，都应强调病人的自我护理。 自我护理是处理糖尿病的关键，开始得越早越好。不过，当糖尿病患者确实需要帮助时，就必须由知识丰富的专业健康人士提供。 传统上，英国的糖尿病教育是由糖尿病专科护理师承担的，他们还承担着其他临床、治疗和研究工作。有些教育是以一对一的方式进行的，但健康专业人士已逐渐认识到，糖尿病患者互相间也能学到很多东西，因此，小组教育已经成为一种标准，还可以邀请同伴或家人参加。邀请家庭食品采购和烹制人员加入教育也很重要。他可能是家庭成员之一，也可能是家务女工或疗养院护理员。 随着社区内糖尿病人数的增加，执业护士和地区护士已经承担了过去由糖尿病护理专家所从事的很多工作。因此，他们也将参与糖尿病教育的计划和实施。今天，由于糖尿病护理专家都是在医院工作，很多糖尿病患者，特别是二型糖尿病患者，都看不到这些护理专家。 当今技术的发展，使人们的健康咨询方式发生了很大变化。电话或因特网已经成为获取健康信息的常用手段。结果，越来越多的人开始求助于拥有有用(有时也是令人迷惑)信息的健康专业人士，他们的信息或者来自上述渠道，或者来自电台、电视和朋友。伯明翰正在尝试举办数字电视互动式健康咨询节目，一些健康促进机构已经接触这些节目和互动CD光盘。 这都为病人提供了更多的选择，应该受到欢迎。这可能意味着，护士的角色将发生变化，她们将不再是第一个提供信息的人，新的重要角色将出现，包括解释信息对个人及其朋友和亲属的意义、创办论坛，以及讨论如何实施建议。 护理糖尿病患者的护士必须有共同的工作目标，因此，制定目标和决定病情优先处理顺序便成为护理的重要因素。研究表明，糖尿病并发症可以预防。如果确实出现并发症，其恶化进程也可以减缓。关键是要控制血糖。 一型糖尿病患者的糖化血红蛋白目标是7.5%，二型为低于7%。血压是导致糖尿病并发症的一个因素，两种糖尿病的血压都应低于140/80mmHg，且越低越好。当然应以不出现低血压症状为宜。 注意：写作部分要求50分钟内完成。

问答题Presently some people claim that competition is more important than co-operation. But the others prefer more on co-operation work. What do you think? In the first part of your writing you should present your statement, and in the second part you should support the statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should draw a natural conclusion or a summary.

问答题当代英国著名学者李约瑟对中国古代的发明创造及其传播做了大量而深入的研究之后，得出如下结论：“倘若没有中国古代科技的优越贡献，我们西方文明的整个过程，将不可能实现。试问若无火药、纸、印刷术和罗盘，我们将无法想象，如何能消灭欧洲的封建主义，而产生资本主义。”

问答题Write a short composition of about 250 to 300 words on the topic given below. Write it neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. Recently, a newspaper carried an article entitled: "We Should No Longer Force Gong Li and Zhang Yimou to Take Part in National Politics. " The article argued that some artists and film stars are unwilling or unqualified to represent the people in the People's Congress or the People's Political Consultative Conference, and they should not be forced to do so. What do you think?

问答题Directions: Suppose you"re read in an essay that states: "The computer is playing an increasingly important role in education so that some scholars get the idea that there will be no need for schools someday... " Write an article entitled Will Computers Replace Schools? You should write no less than 200 words.

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} In this part, you are required to write a composition entitled On Noise Pollution in no less than 200 words. Your composition should be based on the following outline: 1. The harmfulness of noise pollution and its source. 2. What measures have been taken by our government to stop noise pollution? 3. Your suggestions as to how to control noise pollution.

问答题Certainly people do not seem less interested in success and what it can do for us now than formerly. Summer homes, European vacations, travel, BMW's—such items do not seem less in demand than they did a decade or two years ago. What has happened is that people cannot admit their dreams as easily and o-penly as they once could, lest they be thought of as pushing, acquisitive, and vulgar. For such people and many more perhaps not so outstanding, the proper action seems to be, "Succeed at all costs but refrain from appearing ambitious". The attacks on ambition are many and come from various angles, while its public defenders are few and ineffective. As a result, the support for ambition as a healthy impulse, a quality to be admired and cultivated in the young, is probably lower than it has ever been in the United States. This does not mean that ambition is at an end, that people no longer feel its urges, but only that since it is no longer openly honored.it is therefore less often openly professed. Consequences follow from this, of course, some of which are that ambition is driven underground or made devious.

问答题Outline: (1) 网络经济被誉为新经济的代表。 (2) 网络经济与传统经济的区别。 Your essay should be above 200 words. Remember to write this essay clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.

问答题回顾过去一年，我们清醒地看到，在前进道路上还有许多困难和问题，政府工作还有不少缺点，群众还有一些不满意的地方，多年积累的深层次矛盾从根本上解决还需要相当长时间。

问答题Culture is the integrated pattern of human knowledge, belief, and behaviour. Culture thus defined consists of language, ideas, beliefs, customs, taboos, codes, institutions, tools, techniques, works of art, rituals, ceremonies, and other related components; and the development of culture depends upon man's capacity to learn and to transmit knowledge to succeeding generations. Every human society has its own particular culture, or sociocultural system, which overlaps to some extent with other systems. Variation among sociocultural systems is attributable to physical habitats and resources; to the range of possibilities inherent in various areas of activity, such as language, rituals and customs, and the manufacture and use of tools, and to the degree of social development. Adaptation and change take place within and among cultures by means of ecological and environmental changes.

问答题Many people in industry and the services, who have practical experience of noise, regard any investigation of this question as a waste of time; they are not prepared even to admit the possibility that noise affects people. On the other hand, those who dislike noise will sometimes use most inadequate evidence to support their pleas for a quieter society. This is a pity, because noise abatement really is a good cause, and it is likely to be discredited if it gets to be associated with bad science. What is needed in the case of noise is a study of large numbers of people living under noisy conditions, to discover whether they are mentally ill more often than other people are. Some time ago the United States Navy, for instance, examined a very large number of men working on aircraft carriers; the study was known as Project Anehin. It can be unpleasant to live even several miles from an aerodrome. But neither psychiatric interviews nor objective tests were able to show any effects upon these American sailors. This result merely confirms earlier American and British studies: if there is any effect of noise upon mental health, it must be so small that present methods of psychiatric diagnosis cannot find it. That does not prove that it does not exist.

问答题Directions: Suppose you're read in an essay that states: "The computer is playing an increasingly important role in education so that some scholars get the idea that there will be no need for schools someday... " Write an article entitled Will Computers Replace Schools? You should write no less than 200 words.

问答题71.As a romantic teenager, I believed that my future life as a scientist would be justified if I could discover a single new fact and add a brick to the bright temple of human knowledge. The conviction was noble enough; the metaphor was simply silly. Yet that metaphor still governs the attitude of many scientists toward their subject. 72.In the conventional model of scientific "progress ", we begin in superstitious ignorance and move toward final truth by the successive accumulation of facts. In this smug perspective, the history of science contains little more than anecdotal interest--for it can only chronicle past errors and credit the bricklayers for discerning glimpses of final truth. It is as transparenta.s an old-fashioned melodrama: truth (as we perceive it today) is the only arbiter and the world of past scientists is divided into good guys who were right and bad guys who were wrong. 73. Historians of science have utterly discredited this model during the past decade. Science is not a heartless pursuit of objective information. It is a creative activity, its geniuses acting more as artists than as information processors. Changes in theory are not simply the derivative results of new discoveries but the work of creative imagination influenced by contemporary social and political forces. We should not judge the past through anachronistic spectacles of our own convictions--designating as heroes the scientists whom we judge to be right by criteria that had nothing to do with their own concerns. We are simply foolish if we call Anaximander (sixth centuryB.C.) an evolutionist because, in advocating a primary role for water among the four elements, he held that life first inhabited the sea; yet most textbooks so credit him.

问答题The British government has decided to wipe out the obesity epidemic through a novel strategy by offering fat people cash incentives. 【T4】 According to the latest measure, employers will be urged to set up competitions with money, vouchers and other rewards for people who renounce junk food in favor of healthy eating and living. And those who will shed the maximum amount of pounds will earn the biggest prizes, reports the Telegraph. One competition, called The Biggest Loser, has a 130-pounds gift in store for the participant who loses the most weight in eight weeks. 【T5】 The announcement comes after experts estimated that most of the population in Britain would be obese by 2050 unless urgent action is taken and the related rise in ill health would cost the National Health Service 50 billion pounds a year. According to ministers, giving people incentives to fight the flab will help avoid larger costs associated with treating cancer, heart disease and diabetes caused by obesity. The government said that it wants to make Britain the first major nation to quash the rising tide of obesity. And the milestone strategy — Healthy Weight, Healthy Lives — is their solution to the problem. The strategy will feature a series of projects run through a Well@work scheme led by British Heart Foundation, which will offer rewards to workers who lose weight. 【T6】 There will also be a "Walking into Health" campaign, aiming to get a third of the population in England walking an extra thousand steps — around a kilometer—every day by 2012. "We will look at using financial incentives, such as payments, vouchers and other rewards, to encourage individuals to lose weight and sustain that weight loss, to eat more healthily, or to be consistently more physically active, " officials said.

问答题As a common citizen, you write a letter to call on all people in Beijing to do more work for the coming 2008 Olympic Games.

问答题What is the implication of the term "rogue nations" from your point of view?

问答题Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese and write your translations on the ANSWER SHEET. {{U}}It has frequently been argued that freeing schools from the rigid rules, regulations, and statutes that have traditionally fettered them would have a revolutionary effect on academic achievement. For instance, it has been suggested that schools embodying this idea could develop more effective teaching methods that could then be replicated in other schools{{/U}}. Charter schools—public schools that operate under a contract, or "charter"—were given just such an opportunity beginning in 1991, when Minnesota passed the first school law. {{U}}At that time, many critics warned of deleterious rather than beneficial effects that such freewheeling schools could have on the academic achievement of students. Thus, while public opinion differed concerning the social desirability of charter schools, most agreed that there would be a pronounced effect{{/U}}. Surprisingly, educators who study educational reform now seriously question the degree to which charter schools have made an impact. They conclude that freedom from many of the policies and regulations affecting traditional public schools and the concomitant control over decisions that guide the day-to-day affairs of the school have not resulted in equally dramatic changes in students' academic performance. {{U}}In some states, charter schools are less likely to meet state performance standards than traditional public schools. It is, however, impossible to know whether this difference is due to the performance of the schools, the prior achievement of the students, or some other factor{{/U}}. Metrics for educational accountability have changed considerably in the past decade, moving increasingly to performance as measured by state mandated tests of individual student achievement. {{U}}Fundamentally, however, the challenging conditions under which schools operate, be they traditional or charter, have changed little: the struggle for resources, low pay for teachers, accountability to multiple stakeholders, and the difficulty of meeting the educational requirements of children with special needs ell persist{{/U}}.