问答题56.The Banking Act of 1933, known as the Glass-Steagall Act (葛斯法案), separated commercial banking and investment banking, where the latter refers specifically to issuing, underwriting, selling, or distributing stock or bond offerings of corporations. Commercial banks had become deeply involved in the sale and distribution of new stock and bond offerings in the 1920s, not always with happy results. 57. There were suspicions that banks on occasion dumped new offerings into trust funds that they managed because they couldn't sell them to anyone else. 58. To avoid such conflicts of interest, the Banking Act of 1933 divorced commercial from investment banking. Banks involved in both areas were forced to choose one or the other. Commercial banks were allowed to distribute new offerings of federal government securities and "full faith and credit" general obligations of state and local governments. 59. But Glass-Steagall provided that banks could not get involved in new offerings of corporate stocks or bonds or municipal revenue bonds. Revenue bonds differ from general municipal obligations in that they are not backed by the full taxing power of the state or local government; bondholders have a claim only on the revenues of a specific project being financed, such as a toll road or a state university dormitory. 60. The Act was also interpreted as meaning that commercial banks could not offer mutual funds, including money market mutual funds. Commercial banks believe they are being discriminated against by the provisions of the Glass-Steagall Act.

问答题In less than 30 year"s time the Star Trek holodeck will be a reality. Direct links between the brain"s nervous system and a computer will also create full sensory virtual environments, allowing virtual vacations like those in the film Total Recall. 16 There will be television chat shows hosted by robots, and cars with" pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend. 17 Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips, computers with in-built personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools, relaxation will be in front of smell-television, and digital age will have arrived. According to BT"s futurologist, Ian Pearson, these are among the developments scheduled for the first few decades of the new millennium (a period of 1,000 years), when supercomputers will dramatically accelerate progress in all areas of life. 18 Pearson has pieced together to work &hundreds of researchers around the world to produce a unique millennium technology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect hundreds of key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place. Some of the biggest developments will be in medicine, including an extended life expectancy and dozens of artificial organs coming into use between now and 2040. Pearson also predicts a breakthrough in computer human links. "By linking directly to our nervous system, computers could pick up what we feel and, hopefully, simulate feeling too so that we can start to develop full sensory environments, rather like the holidays in Total Recall or the Star Trek holodeck," he says. 19 But that, Pearson "points out, is only the start of man-machine integration: "It will be the beginning of the long process of integration that will ultimately lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next century." Through his research, Pearson is able to put dates to most of the breakthroughs that can be predicted. However, there are still no forecasts for when faster than light travel will be available, or when human cloning will be perfected, or when time travel will be possible. But he does expect social problems as a result of technological advances. A boom in neighborhood surveillance cameras will, for example, cause problems in 2010, while the arrival of synthetic lifelike robots will mean people may not be able to distinguish between their human friends and the droids. 20 And home appliances will also become so smart that controlling and operating them will result in the breakout of a new psychological disorder-kitchen rage.

问答题Write an essay of about 250 to 300 words on the topic " Love and Being loved" according to the instructions given below. Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET II clearly and neatly. 爱和被爱是人际社会关系最重要的一对因子。爱是付出，它是奉献；被爱是接受，它是幸福：但它们又是相互置换的。请你围绕这一命题，结合事例谈谈你对它们的认识和看法。

问答题The world's long romance with speed may finally be ending. Even if Concorde (协和式飞机)flies again, its antique nature was revealed as soon as the Paris accident made people scratch their heads and ask quite why these odd aircraft were still flying. Much of the technology that surrounded us has, when we look at it afresh, a Jules Verne quality——solving problems that once seemed important in ways that ingenious but not necessarily efficient or safe. The reorientation of science reward the biological and computer frontiers is now truism, but the 19th-century fascination with motive power has retained a powerful hold on our imaginations and our economies. 71. Advances in motive power were for a long while the main way in which progress and national competition in technology were measured. First at sea, then on the railways, then on the roads, in the air and finally in space, more and more rapid movement was seen as an carefree good and also, in some vague way, as a key to a fuller understanding of the world. So intoxicating was this ultimate way in which the growing speed and reach of man-made vehicles could be used that when an unknown rocket enthusiast eared Hermann Oberth published his By Rocket To Interplanetary Space in the 1920s, it represented such an escape from the difficulties of the present to the anxious citizens of Weimar Germany (德国魏玛共和国)that it became a bestseller overnight. 72. For individual sportsmen, pilots and drivers, speed had the status of a privileged substance to which, in those early days, only a minority had full access. Mechanized speed made men, and a few Women, into heroes, and it remains a commodity to which mules, in particular, are attracted.The front of the Boys Own annual of half a century ago would typically feature a speeding train in the middle ground, a fast aeroplane above, and a racing ear in the foreground. Disentangling the genuine advantages of speed from its cult aspects has always been a problem, and this was certainly the case in the era in which Concorde was conceived. Land, air and sea speed records had mattered since the 20s in a way inconceivable today. This manic race was run on three tracks——of celebrity sport, of competition between civil industries, and of military development. All three were littered with casualties, whether spectators at Le Mans, Donald Campbell on Coniston Water, or numerous test pilots and astronauts through the years. Britain was slowing down on all three courses when Concorde came along. Indeed the Concorde project survived in part because, as Harold Wilson explained in his memoirs the agreement with the French was embodied in an international treaty, and they refused even to consider abandoning or postponing the work. "We had little choice but to go on," the then prime minister concluded. His lack of enthusiasm suggests that, long before Concorde flew, some those responsible for it knew that it was not going to be a practical aircraft, and also that the technical spin-off would be less than advertised. The reason was that speed was such as dominant consideration that everything else had to take second place. The result was an aircraft that was both ahead of its tie and behind the times, since the era of small-scale luxury air travel was over. A preoccupation with speed has always gone hand in hand with a preoccupation with safety, the two standards between them providing a way in which advanced states calibrate the state of civilization. Increasing speeds have world lives inconstant fear of regression, of losing the scientific and organizational edge that enables it to be both fast and safe. That is one reason why air and sea accidents can attain such mythic status. The disparate treatment of first and third world accidents in the Western press is probably due ore to the feeling that accidents are indicators of technical health than to any devaluation of African or Asian lives. Speed still has its kingdom, but it is shrinking. Its limits have long ago been reached on the roads, and its value in the air, even for manned military aircraft, is diminished--agility and protection are as or mere important. 73. It is still marginally attractive to make trains go faster. The pursuit of physical speed has been replaced by the pursuit of near instantaneity on the Net, an aim which we may in time come to regard just as skeptically. It is hard to imagine the mood in which David Lean's The Sound Barrier was made in 1952. breaking that barrier seemed to hold the key to a mystery But there was no mystery. Man can go faster, but that does not mean it is worth doing so．

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} Read the following passage carefully and then translate each underlined part into Chinese. 71. {{U}}Christianity is the long-exiting religion mainly found in the Western world, in which it is God that creates everything in the universe, not excluding human beings. This is creationism. In contrast, modern science believes that evolution is the answer to the question of who created the world. This is the theory of evolution.{{/U}} Evolution has been challenged by those believing in the creation theory of the universe, The apparent conflict between religious and scientific explanations of creation and evolution has left a century-old legacy of suspicion and outright acrimony. In the United States, many are not willing to accept the theory of evolution and some even argue against the teaching of evolution to school children. For example, the Kansas State Board of Education voted to eliminate evolution from its state science standards, and would also eliminate it from the state science tests. The result was to discourage Kansas schools from teaching evolution. People for the American Way Foundation commissioned a study of how the public felt about teaching evolution and creationism in public schools. Its results, published in the March 11,20010, Ann Arbor News, led with "An overwhelming majority of Americans think that creationism should be taught along with Darwin's theory of evolution in public schools..." 72. {{U}}The battles between science and Christianity have run through Western history since the Enlightenment when science replaced religion as a dominant force in Western society. The theory of evolution was widely believed during the fluorescent years of science development. Why are evolutionists severely challenged by creationism currently? One reason may be that some people believe science has come to its end and it can never explain the final secrets of the universe, thus resorting to creationism and taking it as the only way to understand the origin of the universe.{{/U}} 73. {{U}}While few experts suggest an actual convergence of the two views is possible, creative dialogue is on the upswing. New organizations are forming and others are expanding whose aim is rapprochement between science and religion. More than 100 organizations worldwide, many of them in the U. S., now provide forums for creative exchange of religious and scientific perspectives.{{/U}} This article approaches the issue of science and Christianity by claiming that science and Christianity are compatible to each other, not conflicting with each other.

问答题宇宙永无止境。事实上，它是在不断地开始，而且将永不停止。它始终忙于创造新的自然景观、新的客观实在以及新的世界。它所完成的工作与扩展于其上的时间有关系。它唯一要求的是永恒，以便使广阔无垠的无限量、无终端的世界以及无限延伸的空间充满活力。(康德)

问答题现在，我们的公共服务并不覆盖所有居民，而且缺乏多样化。不同地区也不平衡。最根本的原因之一是没有良好的实公共服务系统。

问答题1．目前有些校园内浪费现象严重 2．浪费的危害 3．从我做起，杜绝浪费

问答题 On College Admission

问答题"The Media and Celebrities"

问答题Directions: Write an essay of no less than 200 words on the topic given below. Use the proper space on your ANSWER SHEET Ⅱ. TOPIC People who claim to have supernatural powers, like Wang Lin, Yan Xin and many others, have come and gone in the past few decades and have always had a large following. What conclusion may be drawn from this phenomenon?

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. Tsunamis are impulsively generated sea waves by a disturbance to or near the ocean. 21. {{U}}Earthquakes, submarine volcanic explosions, landslides and the detonation of nuclear devices near the sea can give rise to such destructive sea waves. By far the most destructive tsunamis are generated from large shallow-focus earthquakes with an epicenter or fault line near or in the ocean. Vertical displacements of the earth's crust along the rupture resulting from the ocean. Vertical displacements of the earth's crust along the rupture resulting from such earthquakes can generate destructive tsunami waves which can travel across an ocean spreading destruction across their path.{{/U}} Similar displacements of the ocean floor can also be produced by volcanic eruptions and submarine avalanches or landslides. However, these sources are considered as point sources and, although the tsunami waves generated can be very destructive locally, the energy of the waves is rapidly dissipated as they travel across the ocean.To forecast tsunamis and determine terminal run-up and destructiveness, one must be able to evaluate the parameters of the tsunami source mechanism in real time, often, from inadequate date. 22. {{U}}Tsunami source mechanism analysis is difficult given the time constraints of a warning situation. It will suffice to say that forecasting the run-up and potential destructiveness of a tsunami at a distant shore will depend greatly on determining the seismic parameters of the source location such as magnitude of the earthquake, its depth, its orientation, the length of the fault line, the size of the crustal displacements, and depth of the water.{{/U}} 23. {{U}}Refraction(折射) and diffraction(衍射) processes will affect the energy and height of the tsunami waves as they travel across the ocean. These effects must also be determined. Finally, terminal height, run-up, and inundation of the tsunami at a point of impact will depend upon the energy forcusing effect, the travel path of the waves, the coastal configuration, and the offshore bathymetry, only to name a few.{{/U}} Tsunami run-up is the vertical distance between the maximum height reached by the water on shore and the mean-sea-level surface. 24. {{U}}Contrary to meteorological predictions, tsunami run-up, the final product of earthquake and tsunami investigations is not possible to forecast with a great degree of accuracy. The reason for this inadequacy is that the Tsunami Warning System works in a real time frame of short duration, often with inadequate date and information. Problems of communication and lack of sufficient station density, often complicate the process.{{/U}} Forecasting tsunamis requires adequate understanding of the phenomenon, good and expeditious collection of earthquake and sea level date, and accruate and expeditious assessment and interpretation of this data.

问答题The following Table 1 gives information about the change of Demand Structure of China’s briefly Growth from 1995 to 2001. Write a report describing the information shown and briefly analyzing the reasons of such change by your ideas.You should write at least 180 words. Table 1 Demand Structure of China's Economic Growth Year CDP growth (%) Contribution by final consumption (%) Contribution by capital formation (%) Contribution by domestic demand (%) Contribution by met exports (%) 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 10.5 9.6 8.8 7.8 7.1 8 7.3 4 5.1 3.3 3.2 5.4 5.1 4.4 6.9 3.3 1.8 2.3 0.9 2.9 3.6 10.9 8.4 5.2 5.5 6.3 8 8 -0.4 1.2 3.6 2.3 0.8 0.015 0.7 Source: Figures for 1995. 2000 are the result of calculation based on data from the China statistic of yearbook and China statistical Abstract various years; the figures for 2001 are estimates. The calculation is based on the constant 1994 prices.

问答题Read the following passage carefully and then write a summary of it in English in about 150 words. Many of today's young people have a difficult time seeing any moral dimension to their actions. There are a number of reasons why that's true, but none more prominent than a failed system of education that eschews teaching children the traditional moral values that bind Americans together as a society and a culture. That failed approach, called "decision-making" , was introduced in schools 25 years ago. It tells children to decide for themselves what is right and what is wrong. It replaced "character education". Character education didn't ask children to reinvent the moral wheel; instead, it encouraged them to practice habits of courage, justice and self-control. In the 1940s, when a character education approach prevailed, teachers worried about students chewing gum; today they worry about robbery and rape. Decision-making curriculums pose thorny ethical dilemmas to students, leaving them with the impression that all morality is problematic and that all questions of right and wrong are in dispute. Youngsters are forced to question values and virtues they've never acquired in the first place or upon which they have only a tenuous hold. The assumption behind this method is that students will arrive at good moral conclusions if only they are given the chance. But the actual result is moral confusion. For example, a recent national study of 1, 700 sixth- to ninth-graders revealed that a majority of boys considered rape to be acceptable under certain conditions. Astoundingly, many of the girls agreed. This kind of moral illiteracy is further encouraged by values-education programs that are little more than courses in self-esteem. These programs are based on the questionable assumption that a child who feels good about himself or herself won't want to do anything wrong. But it is just as reasonable to make an opposite assumption: namely, that a child who has uncritical self-regard will conclude that he or she can't do anything bad. Such naive self-acceptance results in large part from the non-directive, non-judgmental as-long-as-you-feel-comfortable-with-your-choices mentality that has pervaded public education for the last two and one-half decades. Many of today's drug education, sex education and values-education courses are based on the same 1960s philosophy that helped fuel the explosion in teen drug use and sexual activity in the first place. Meanwhile, while educators are still fiddling with outdated "feel-good" approaches, New York, Washington, and Los Angeles are burning. Youngsters are leaving school believing that matters of right and wrong are always merely subjective. If you pass a stranger on the street and decide to murder him because you need money—if it feels right—you go with that feeling. Clearly, murder is not taught in our schools, but such a conclusion—just about any conclusion—can be reached and justified using the decision-making method. It is time to consign the fads of "decision-making" and "non-judgmentalism" to the ash heap of failed policies, and return to a proved method. Character education provides a much more realistic approach to moral formation. It is built on an understanding that we learn morality not by debating it but by practicing it.

问答题Another test was done with slightly older infants at bedtime. In some groups the room was silent; in others recorded lullabies were played. In others a ticking metro home was operating at the heart-beat speed of 72 beats per minute. In still others the heart-beat recording itself was played. It was then checked to see which groups fell asleep more quickly. The heart-beat group dropped off in half the time it took for any of the other groups. This not only clinches the idea that the sound of the heart beating is a powerfully calming stimulus, but it also shows that the response is a highly specific one. The metronome imitation will not do--at least, not for young infants. So it seems fairly certain that this is the explanation of the mother's left-side approach to baby-holding. It is interesting that when 466 Madonna and child paintings (dating back over several hundred years) were analyzed for this feature, 373 of them showed the baby on the left breast. Here again the figure was at the 80 per cent level. This contrasts with observations of females carrying parcels, where it was found that 50 per cent carried them on the left and 50 per cent on the right. What other possible results could this heart—beat imprinting have? It may，for example，explain why we insist on locating feelings of love in the heart rather than the head．As the song says：“You gotta have a heart!” It may also explain why mothers rock their babies to lull them to sleep．The rocking motion is carried on at about the same speed as the heart—beat，and once again it probably 'reminds' the infants of the rhythmic sensations they became SO familiar with inside the womb，as the great heart of the mother pumped and thumped away above them．