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填空题There (is) much in our life (which) we do not control (and we are) not even responsible (for). A. is B. which C. and we are D. for

填空题No one (care about) if he (appears) at the meeting next year or not. If (it happens) he will (be made to) apologize for his careless comments. A. care about B. appears C. it happens D. be made

填空题A. The new Minneapolis bridge joins a handful of "smart" bridges that have built-in sensors to monitor their health. B. The kilometers of wire needed to connect sensors to central computers can add significantly to the system's cost, according to Jerome Lynch of the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. C. By 2025 all bridges in America will have been equipped with this advanced technology. D. A continuous skin would solve this problem. E. In the wake of the catastrophe, there were calls to harness technology to avoid similar mishaps. F. Engineers then installed additional weights as dampeners. When an eight-lane steel-truss-arch bridge across the Mississippi River in Minneapolis collapsed during the evening rush hour on August 1st 2007, 13 people were killed and 145 were injured. There had been no warning. The bridge was 40 years old but had a life expectancy of 50 years. The central span suddenly gave way after the gusset plates that connected the steel beams buckled and fractured, dropping the bridge into the river. (71) The St. Anthony Falls bridge, which opened on September 18th, 2008 and replaces the collapsed structure, should do just that. It has an embedded early-warning system made of hundreds of sensors. They include wire and fibre-optic strain and displacement gauges, accelerometers, potentiometers and corrosion sensors that have been built into the span to monitor it for structural weaknesses, such as corroded concrete and overly strained joints. (72) Another example is the six-lane Charilaos Trikoupis bridge in Greece, which spans the Gulf of Corinth, linking the town of Rio on the Peloponnese peninsula to Antirrio on the mainland. This 3km-long bridge, which was opened in 2004, has roughly 300 sensors that alert its operators if an earthquake or high winds warrant it being shut to traffic, as well as monitoring its overall health. These sensors have already detected some abnormal vibrations in the cables holding the bridge. (73) The next generation of sensors to monitor bridge health will be even more sophisticated. For one thing, they will be wireless, which will make installing them a lot cheaper. (74) Dr Lynch is the chief researcher on a project intended to help design the next generation of monitoring systems for bridges. He and his colleagues are also looking at how to make a cement-based sensing skin that can detect excessive strain in bridges. Individual sensors, says Dr Lynch, are not ideal because the initial cracks in a bridge may not occur at the point the sensor is placed. (75) He is also exploring a paint-like substance made of carbon nanotubes that can be painted onto bridges to detect corrosion and cracks. Since carbon nanotubes conduct electricity, sending a current through the paint would help engineers to detect structural weakness through changes in the paint's electrical properties.

填空题What is the result of the "new form of discrimination" (Line 5, Para 4)?

填空题What is kinesics?

填空题"Humanism" has used to mean too many things to be a very satisfactory term. 57. Nevertheless, and in the lack of a better word, 58. I shall use it here to explain for the complex of attitudes which this discussion has undertaken to defend. 59. In this sense a humanist is anyone who rejects the attempt to describe or account of man wholly on the basis of physics, chemistry, and animal behavior. 60. He is anyone who believes that will, reason, and purpose are real and significant: that value and justice, are aspects of a reality called good and evil and rests upon some foundation other than custom; 61. that consciousness is so far from a mere epiphenomenon that it is the most tremendous of actualities; 62. that the unmeasured may be significant; or, to sum it all up, 63. that those human realities which sometimes seem to exist only in human mind are the perceptions of the mind. 64. He is, in other words, anyone who says that there are more things in heaven and earth than those dreamed of in the positivist philosophy. 65. Originally, to the sure, the term humanist meant simply anyone who thought the study of ancient literature his chief concern. Obviously it means, as I use it, very much more. 66. But there remains nevertheless a certain connection between the aboriginal meaning and that I am attempting to give it. 67. Because those whom I describe as humanists usually recognize that literature and the arts have been pretty consistently "on its side" and 68. because it is often to literature that they turn to renew their faith in the whole class of truths which the modem world has so consistently tended to dismiss as the mere figments of a wishful thinking imagination. 69. Insofar as this modern world gives less and less attention to its literary past, insofar as it dismisses that as something outgrow and 70. to be discarded as much as the imperfect technology contemporary with it has been discarded, 71. just to that extent it facilitate the surrender of humanism to technology. 72. The literature is to be found, directly expressed or, 73. more often, indirectly implied the most effective correction to the views now most prevalent among the thinking and unthinking. 74. The great imaginative writers present a picture of human nature and of human life which carries conviction and thus giving the lie to all attempts to reduce man to a mechanism. Novels and poems, and dramas are so persistently concerned with the values which relativism rejects that one might even define literature as the attempt to pass value judgments upon representations of human life. 75. More often than not those of its imaginative persons who fail to achieve power and wealth are more successful than those who do not--by standards which the imaginative writer persuades us to accept as valid.

填空题The economic situation will improve given that there is forecast to be less unemployment and closures than in previous years.A.will improveB.forecast to beC.closuresD.previous years

填空题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} For each numbered blank in the following passage, fill in a suitable word in each blank on the ANSWER SHEET. In the United States and in many {{U}}(51) {{/U}} countries around the world, there are four main ways for people to be informed {{U}}(52) {{/U}} developments in the news: Newspapers, magazines, and {{U}}(53) {{/U}} or television news broadcasts. A person may use one, or all, of these {{U}}(54) {{/U}} for information. Each source is useful in its own way. Newspapers and magazines can give much {{U}}(55) {{/U}} about a particular event. They may provide some history of the event, some of its causes, some of its effects, or perhaps give an opinion or point of view on a particular development. Radio and television can help a person to be well-informed about what is {{U}}(56) {{/U}} each day. It is also possible to listen to the radio or {{U}}(57) {{/U}} TV and do something {{U}}(58) {{/U}} at the same time. Many people can listen to the news {{U}}(59) {{/U}} their car radio while {{U}}(60) {{/U}} somewhere. For the student of English {{U}}(61) {{/U}} a foreign language, an English language newspaper may be the most helpful news source {{U}}(62) {{/U}} will also give you practice in reading English. Most daily English language newspapers are not very hard to read. They are interesting and helpful in many ways. In some of them, you may be able to find news about your native country. You will find news, and information about important national and international political developments. No matter what you are interested in, you can probably find something in the newspaper about it. A story in the newspaper may help you {{U}}(63) {{/U}} a problem. Other stories may be about good movies, concerts, or TV shows. Usually, an English language newspaper has several sections or parts. Each part of the newspaper {{U}}(64) {{/U}} stories about different kinds of news. Some sections have a lot of advertisements which may be helpful if you want to save money. By reading the {{U}}(65) {{/U}}, you may find something you want on sale. Or you may find that two stores are advertising the same thing, but at one store the {{U}}(66) {{/U}} is lower. Other sections may have fewer advertisements or have only a specific type of advertisement to interest the people who read that section of the paper. The first section of the paper usually has the most important {{U}}(67) {{/U}} in it. Important {{U}}(68) {{/U}} in national and international government and politics will be mentioned in the first section, and usually {{U}}(69) {{/U}} the first page. Other news that is important to the people {{U}}(70) {{/U}} read the paper will also be in the first section. For example, The New York Times usually has stories about national and international news on the first page. There and on the other pages of the first section, the Times also has news about New York City and other nearby areas. This local news is important to many people who read The New York Times.

填空题When travelers lack an awareness of (51) time is regulated in a foreign country, they can expect to feel somewhat disoriented. Since most people (52) time for granted, the effects of values, customs, and social etiquette on the use of time are seldom examined. A culture that values achievement and progress will discourage people (53) "wasting" time. Highly efficient business people from these cultures may feel frustrated in a country (54) work proceeds at a slow pace. In religious societies, customs specify times of the day, week, or year for prayer and religious celebrations. If an individual tries to (55) an appointment during a sacred holiday, he or she could unknowingly offend a religious person. Social etiquette determines appropriate times for visits, meetings, and even phone calls. Arriving two hours late for an (56) may be acceptable in one culture, whereas in (57) , keeping someone (58) fifteen minutes may be considered rude. Promptness is important in American business, academic, and social settings. The (59) of punctuality is taught to young children in school. Tardy slips and the use of bells signal to the child that punctuality and time itself are to be respected. An amusing report of a school child's experience with time (60) in a recent newspaper article: " (61) a child, my mother used to tell me (62) crucial it was to be at school (63) the first bell rang. Preparation for my 'on-time' appearance began the night before. I was directed to go to bed early so I could wake (64) wide-eyed at 7 a.m. with enough time to get ready. Although I usually managed to watch my share of TV cortoons, I knew that in one hour I had to get dressed, eat breakfast, (65) my teeth, (66) my hair, and be on my way to school or I would be violating an important rule of Mom's, the school's or of the world's. It was hard to tell which." People who keep appointments are (67) dependable. If people are late to job interviews, appointments, or classes, they are often viewed (68) unreliable and irresponsible. In the business world, "time is money" and companies may fine their executives for tardiness to business meetings. Of course, it is not always possible to be punctual. Social and business etiquette also provides rules for late arrivals. Calling on the telephone if one is going lo be more than a few minutes late for scheduled appointments is considered polite and is often expected. Keeping a date or a friend wailing beyond ten to twenty minutes is considered rude. On the other (69) ,arriving thirty minutes (70) to some parties is acceptable.

填空题A considerable amount of medical research is aimed at identifying risk factors for disease. The rationale behind this work is that when people are informed of their risk, they will happily change their behavior to lower that risk. (51) this is certainly a reasonable assumption, it turns out that things are not quite that simple and straightforward. First of all, health is not necessarily a top priority in everyone's life and, for these people, changing behavior in the interests of health may interfere (52) other, more important matters. Second, the benefits to be derived (53) such changes rarely are immediate or obvious. Usually, improvements in health take place over long periods of time and are quite subtle. (54) , we are all so bombarded with information about the thousands of health hazards to which we are exposed (55) most of us "time out" much of this information. This latter issue is compounded by the fact that much of new information to which we are exposed through the media is exaggerated and, as often as not, is contradicted later by even "newer" information. For these and other reasons, simply knowing about a risk does not necessarily ensure that people will take appropriate steps to (56) it. (57) when people want to change their behavior, this is not easy to do. For example, the overwhelming majority of smokers in this country want to quit, (58) great effort, very few are able to do so. Most smokers acknowledge, at some level, that health hazards are associated with smoking and most wish that there were a simple and painless way to stop. (59) , the number of people who want to lose weight is very large, but few of these people are able to do it and even (60) are able to maintain such weight losses.