单选题Thousands of Medicare patients with chronic medical conditions have been wrongly_____access to necessary care.

单选题An announcement of further cuts in government expenditure is______ A. imminent B. eminent C. illiterate D. emergent

单选题You must have the experience that you find your voice______on the telephone.

单选题 Human beings are animals. We breathe, eat and digest, and reproduce the same life {{U}}(21) {{/U}}common to all animals. In a biological laboratory rats, monkeys, and humans seem very much the same. However, biological understanding is not enough: {{U}}(22) {{/U}} itself, it can never tell us what human beings are. {{U}}(23) {{/U}}to our physical equipment the naked human body--we are not an {{U}}(24) {{/U}}animal. We are tropical creatures, {{U}}(25) {{/U}} hairless and sensitive to cold. We are not fast and have neither claws nor sharp teeth to defend ourselves. We need a lot of food but have almost no physical equipment to help us get it. In the purely physical{{U}} (26) {{/U}}, our species seems a poor {{U}}(27) {{/U}}for survival. But we have survived--survived and multiplied and {{U}}(28) {{/U}}the earth. Some day we will have a{{U}} (29) {{/U}} living on the moon, a place with neither air nor water and with temperatures that turn gases into solids. How can we have done all these things? Part of the answer is physical. {{U}}(30) {{/U}}its limitations, our physical equipment has some important {{U}}(31) {{/U}}. We have excellent vision and hands that can {{U}}(30) {{/U}}objects with a precision unmatched by any other {{U}}(33) {{/U}}. Most importantly, we have a large brain with an almost {{U}}(34) {{/U}} number of neural {{U}}(35) {{/U}}.

单选题When prehistoric man arrived in new parts of the world, something strange happened to the large animals. They suddenly became extinct. Smaller species survived. The large, slow-growing animals were easy game, and were quickly hunted to extinction. Now something similar could be happening in the oceans. That the seas are being overfished has been known for years. What researchers such as Ransom Myers and Boris Worm have shown is just how fast things are changing. They have looked at half a century of data from fisheries around the world. Their methods do not attempt to estimate the actual biomass(the amount of living biological matter)of fish species in particular parts of the ocean, but rather changes in that biomass over time. According to their latest paper published in Nature, the biomass of large predators(animals that kill and eat other animals)in a new fishery is reduced on average by 80% within 15 years of the start of exploitation. In some long-fished areas, it has halved again since then. Dr. Worm acknowledges that these figures are conservative. One reason for this is that fishing technology has improved. Today's vessels can find their prey using satellites and sonar, which were not available 50 years ago. That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes. In the early days, too, longlines would have been more saturated with fish. Some individuals would therefore not have been caught, since no baited hooks would have been available to trap them, leading to an underestimate of fish stocks in the past. Furthermore, in the early days of longline fishing, a lot of fish were lost to sharks after they had been hooked. That is no longer a problem, because there are fewer sharks around now. Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm argue that their work gives a correct baseline, which future management efforts must take into account. They believe the date support an idea current among marine biologists, that of the "shifting baseline". The notion is that people have failed to detect the massive changes which have happened in the ocean because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past. That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield that can be cropped from a fishery comes when the biomass of a target species is about 50% of its original levels. Most fisheries are well below that, which is a bad way to be business.

单选题Indiscussingthemarketingconcept,theauthorfocuseson__________.

单选题 Passage Two The increase in global trade means that international companies cannot afford to make costly advertising mistakes if they want to be competitive. Understanding the language and culture of target markets in foreign countries is one of the keys to successful international marketing. Too many companies, however, have jumped into foreign markets with embarrassing results. Translation mistakes are at the heart of many blunders in international advertising. General Motors, the US auto manufacturer, got a costly lesson when it introduced its Chevrolet Nova to the Puerto Rican market. "Nova" is Latin for "new (star)" and means "star" in many languages, but in spoken Spanish it can sound like "no va", meaning "it doesn't go". Few people wanted to buy a car with that cursed meaning. When GM changed the name to Caribe, sales "picked up" dramatically. Marketing blunders have also been made by food and beverage companies. One American food company's friendly "Jolly Green Giant" (for advertising vegetables) became something quite different when it was translated into Arabic as "Intimidating Green Ogre". When translated into German, Pepsi's popular slogan, "Come Alive with Pepsi" came out implying "Come Alive from the Grave": No wonder customers in Germany didn't rush out to buy Pepsi. Successful international marketing doesn't stop with good translations--other aspects of culture must be researched and understood if marketers are to avoid blunders. When marketers do not understand and appreciate the values, tastes, geography, climate, superstitions, religion, or economy of a culture, they fail to capture their target market. For example, an American designer tried to introduce a new perfume into the Latin American market but the product aroused little interest. The main reason was that the camellia used in it was traditionally used for funerals in many South American countries.. Having awakened to the special nature of foreign advertising, companies are becoming much more conscientious in their translations and more sensitive to cultural distinctions. The best way to prevent errors is to hire professional translators who understand the target language and its idiomatic usage, or to use a technique called "back translation" to reduce the possibility of blunders. The process uses one person to translate a message into the target language and another to translate it back. Effective translators aim to capture the overall message of an advertisement because a word-for-word duplication of the original rarely conveys the intended meaning and often causes misunderstandings. In designing advertisements for other countries, messages need to be short and simple. They should also avoid jokes, since what is considered funny in one part of the world may not be so humorous in another.

单选题1 Celebrate. Celebrate. Physicians are delighted with a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) advisory panel's recommendation earlier this year that Vioxx and its cousins Bextra and Celebrex (all medicines known as Cox-2 inhibitors) should remain on the market, de spite evidence they increase heart disease risk in some people. The panelists reached their decision after weighing all the data and concluding the benefits of these pain-relieving drugs outweighed the risks. Specifically, these scientists acknowledged that, for some patients, these prescrip tion drugs were uniquely effective in reducing pain from arthritis and other causes. For oth ers-concerned about ulcers associated with aspirin and other OTC analgesics—the Cox-2 inhibitors offered the advantage of minimizing potentially serious effects of stomach irrita tion. Now is an appropriate time for everyone to take a fresh look at the benefit-risk equa tion for Vioxx and the other Cox-2 inhibitors. The risks—increased risk of heart disease in some who use the drugs—have been well publicized. Much less publicity has been given to a spectrum of real and potential benefits that go way beyond reduced risk of stomach irritation. These little-discussed benefits would have been lost, perhaps permanently--had Vioxx, Bextra and Celebrex been driven from shelves in pursuit of perfect safety, an unattainable goal. For example, there is substantial evidence Cox-2 inhibitors can reduce development of colon polyps, which may become colon cancel indeed. Celebrex is FDA-approved for those genetically prone to colon cancer. Ironically, the 2004 study that revealed the elevated heart attack risk of Vioxx was primarily designed to further establish the drug's effective ness in protecting against colon cancer. And while the results of that interrupted trial have not yet been published, there is good reason to believe they will confirm the protective effects against colon cancer established in research over the last 10 years. At the time of its withdrawal from the market last fall, studies of Vioxx as well as the other Cox-2 drugs suggested they had other anti-cancer properties as well, possibly reduc ing the risk of malignancies of a number of sites, including the lung and esophagus. Had these drugs been dismissed, their untapped promise for prevention would have evaporated well before it was evaluated and applied to save lives. Fortunately, cooler and wiser heads prevailed.

单选题The problem of where we will raise the funds for the scheme has not yet been______.(复旦大学2010年试题)

单选题Nearly a third of parents say they feel ______ into their homes but cannot afford to move to a bigger property, a report reveals today. A. squealed B. squeezed C. squared D. sneezed

单选题One of the real services of the historical novel is not that it can be a substitute for history, but that it can be a(n) Uextension/U.

单选题The ink had faded with time and so parts of the letter were illegible. A. illiterate B. illegitimate C. inscrutable D. indecipherable

单选题Bob fails to attend the evening school. He______sick, because he never asks for leave.

单选题The author mentions that English literature "was not part of any academic curriculum" in the early 19th century in order to______.

单选题Imagine eating everything delicious you want with none of the fat. That would be great, wouldn"t it? New "fake fat" products appeared on store shelves in the United States recently, but not everyone is happy about it. Makers of the products, which contain a compound called olestra, say food manufacturers can now eliminate fat from certain foods, Critics, however, say that the new compound can rob the body of essential vitamins and nutrients and can also cause unpleasant side effects in some people. So it is up to consumers to decide whether the new fat-free products taste good enough to keep eating. Chemists discovered olestra in the late 1960s, when they were searching for a fat that could be digested by infants more easily. Instead of finding the desired fat, the researchers created a fat that can"t be digested at all. Normally, special chemicals in the intestines "grab" molecules of regular fat and break them down so they can be used by the body. A molecule of regular fat is made up of three molecules of substances called fatty acids. The fatty acids are absorbed by the intestines and bring with them the essential vitamins A, D, E and K. When fat molecules are present in the intestines with any of those vitamins, the vitamins attach to the molecules and are carried into the bloodstream. Olestra, which is made from six to eight molecules of fatty acids, is too large for the intestines to absorb. It just slides through the intestines without being broken down. Manufacturers say it"s that ability to slide unchanged through the intestines that makes olestra so valuable as a fat substitute. It provides consumers with the taste of regular fat without any bad effects on the body. But critics say olestra can prevent vitamins A, D, E, and K from being absorbed. It can also prevent the absorption of carotenoids, compounds that may reduce the risk of cancer, heart disease, etc. Manufacturers are adding vitamins A, D, E and K as well as carotenoids to their products now. Even so, some nutritionists are still concerned that people might eat unlimited amounts of food made with the fat substitute without worrying about how many calories they are consuming.

单选题To many people, a husband and wife alone do not seem a proper family--they need children to enrich the circle, to ______ family character and to gather the redemptive influence of offspring. A. repress B. intimidate C validate D. confine

单选题Two more teams have Udropped/U out of the league.

单选题We are prepared to satisfy all your______claims.

单选题The new law allows you to ______ payment if you think a bill is incorrect.(2003年上海交通大学考博试题)