单选题Any student who ______ his homework is unlikely to pass his examination.

单选题Cooperative competition. Competitive cooperation. Confused? Airline alliances have travelers scratching their heads over what's going on in the skies. Some folks view alliances as a blessing to travelers, offering seamless travel, reduced fares and enhanced frequent-flyer benefits. Others see a conspiracy of big businesses, causing decreased competition, increased fares and fewer choices. Whatever your opinion, there's no escaping airline alliances; the marketing hype is unrelenting, with each of the two mega-groupings, One world and Star Alliance, promoting itself as the best choice for all travelers. And, even if you turn away from their ads, chances are they will figure in any of your travel plans. By the end of the year, One world and Star Alliance will between them control more than 40% of the traffic in the sky. Some pundits predict that figure will be more like 75% in 10 years. But why, after years of often ferocious competition, have airlines decided to band together? Let's just say the timing is mutually convenient. North American airlines, having exhausted all means of earning customer loyalty at home, have been looking for ways to reach out to foreign flyers. Asian carriers are still hurting from the region-wide economic downturn that began two years ago—just when some of the airlines were taking delivery of new aircraft. Alliances also allow carriers to cut costs and increase profits by pooling manpower resources on the ground(rather than each airline maintaining its own ground crew)and code-sharing—the practice of two partners selling tickets and operating only one aircraft. So alliances are terrific for airlines—but are they good for the passenger? Absolutely, say the airlines; think of the lounges, the joint FFP(frequent flyer programme)benefits, the round-the-world fares, and the global service networks. Then there's the promise of "seamless" travel: the ability to, say, travel from Singapore to Rome to New York to Rio de Janeiro, all on one ticket, without having to wait hours for connections or worry about your bags. Sounds Utopian? Peter Buecking, Cathay Pacific's director of sales and marketing, thinks that seamless travel is still evolving. "It's fair to say that these links are only in their infancy. The key to seamlessness rests in infrastructure and information sharing. We're working on this. " Henry Ma, spokesperson for Star Alliance in Hong Kong, lists some of the other benefits for consumers: " Global travelers have an easier time making connections and planning their itineraries. " Ma claims alliances also assure passengers consistent service standards. Critics of alliances say the much-touted benefits to the consumer are mostly pie in the sky that alliances are all about reducing costs for the airlines, rationalizing services and running joint marketing programmes. Jeff Blyskal, associate editor of Consumer Reports magazine, says the promotional ballyhoo over alliances is much ado about nothing. "I don't see much of a gain for consumers; alliances are just a marketing gimmick. And as far as seamless travel goes, I'll believe it when I see it. Most airlines can't even get their own connections under control, let alone coordinate with another airline. " Blyskal believes alliances will ultimately result in decreased flight choices and increased costs for consumers. Instead of two airlines competing and each operating a flight on the same route at 70% capacity, the allied pair will share the route and run one full flight. Since fewer seats will be available, passengers will be obliged to pay more for tickets. The truth about alliances and their merits probably lies somewhere between the travel utopia presented by the players and the evil empires portrayed by their critics. And how much they affect you depends on what kind of traveler you are. Those who've already made the elite grade in the FFP of a major airline stand to benefit the most when it joins an alliance: then they enjoy the FFP perks and advantages on any and all of the member carriers. For example, if you're a Marco Polo Club "gold" member of Cathay Pacific's Asia Miles FFP, you will automatically be treated as a valuable customer by all members of one world, of which Cathay Pacific is a member—even if you've never flown with them before. For those who haven't made the top grade in any FFP, alliances might be a way of simplifying the earning of frequent flyer miles. For example, I belong to United Airline's Mileage Plus and generally fly less than 25, 000 miles a year. But I earn miles with every flight I take on Star Alliance member-All Nippon Airways and Thai Airways. If you fly less than I do, you might be smarter to stay out of the FFP game altogether. Hunt for bargains when booking flights and you might be able to save enough to take that extra trip anyway. The only real benefit infrequent flyers can draw from an alliance is an inexpensive round the world fare. The bottom line: for all the marketing hype, alliances aren't all things to all people—but everybody can get some benefit out of them.

单选题Please excuse me if I have left any of my questions ______

单选题Justice in society must include both a fair trial to the accused and the selection of an appropriate punishment for those proven guilty. Because justice is regarded as one form of equality, we find in its earlier expressions the idea of a punishment equal to the crime. Recorded in the Old Testament is the expression: " an eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth. " That is, the individual who has done wrong has committed an offence against society. To make up for his offence, society must get even. This can be done only by doing an equal injury to him. This conception of retributive justice is refleeted in many parts of the legal documents and procedures of modern times. It is illustrated when we demand the death penalty for a person who had committed murder. This philosophy of punishment was supported by the German idealist Hegel. He believed that society owed it to the criminal to give a punishment equal to the crime he had committed. The criminal had by his own actions denied his true self and it is necessary to do something that will counteract this denial and restore the self that has been denied. To the murderer nothing less than giving up his own will pay his debt. The demand of the death penalty is a right the state owes the criminal and it should not deny him his due. Modern jurists have tried to replace retributive justice with the notion of corrective justice. The aim of the latter is not to abandon the concept of equality but to find a more adequate way to express it. It tries to preserve the idea of equal opportunity for each individual to realize me best that is in him. The criminal is regarded as being socially ill and in need of treatment that will enable him to become a normal member of society. Before a treatment can be administered, the course of his antisocial behavior must be found. If the cause can be removed, provisions must be made to have this done. Only those criminals who are incurable should be permanently separated from the rest of the society. This does not mean that criminals will escape punishment or be quickly returned to take up careers of crime. It means that justice is to heal the individual, not simply to get even with him. If severe punishment is the only adequate means for accompanying this, it should be administered. However, the individual should be given every opportunity to assume a normal place in society. His conviction of crime must not deprive him of the opportunity to make his way in the society of which he is a part.

单选题Which of the following is not one of the differences between this generation and the past generations as far as marriage is concerned?

单选题Lincoln, former president of the United States, is a Uconspicuous/U example of a poor boy who succeeded.

单选题The remarkable ______ of life on the Galopagos Islands inspired Charles Darwin to establish his theory of evolution.

单选题Occasionally I read a passage or sentence over and over just to let the beauty of its construction ______ in.

单选题About a decade ago, then-Republican House leader Newt Gingrich raised a big stir when he implied that a mother's drowning of her two children in South Carolina was the result of years of permissive rule by the Democrats. His political enemies struck back, and it became a major moment in the morality plays of the 1990s. Gingrich is gone, relegated to the sidelines of the talking-head circuit. But after a decade of his Republicans in control, the headlines don't seem all that different. In the same month of an election in which a fifth or so of the voters said they were most concerned about fuzzily defined "moral values", Americans cringed at the news at home. A hunter slaughtering other hunters in Wisconsin. A mother hacking off her child's limbs in Texas. A woman locking two little girls in a storage unit in Maryland. Then, the sad spectacles of out-of- control "athletes" and "fans" in hand-to-hand combat in Michigan and South Carolina sullied the week leading into Thanksgiving. But in this season of thankfulness, all of those episodes of failed civilization demand context. There remain significant things to be thankful for. This can be said even in the shadow of terrorism and an Iraqi War that has claimed the lives of more than 100 Americans and countless Iraqis just this month. Consider: The brave and selfless 18% 19- and 20-somethings who have fought and died or were maimed in Iraq and Afghanistan, including those who endured the hell of Fallujah. Whether you believe in the war in Iraq or not, the pictures of mothers and fathers, siblings and friends mourning over caskets at Arlington National Cemetery deserve to be remembered this holiday season. Their sacrifice is unmatched, and beyond our ability to repay. Remember them the next time you see a foot- ball player flex his muscles at the 50-yard line or an entertainer complain about not getting the respect he or she deserves. Remember Pat Tillman, who quit the Arizona Cardinals football team to join the military? He died in Afghanistan. That's real tragedy and sacrifice, not some pro basketball player getting kicked off the court for a year for trying to take a spectator's head off. The political system. OK, list your grievances first: billionaires trying to buy the election of 2004; lawyers cynically exploiting loopholes of a freshly passed campaign finance law; nasty words flying on the Internet and talk TV. About as many people remain distressed that President Bush won re-election as those who are glad he won. But despite all these caveats, you'd also have to agree that much of the world still changes leaders at the point of a gun or remains governed by blood or entitlement. Yet this country just persevered through one of its most bitter, hard- fought elections without violence or retribution. That must be worth something in these uncertain times.

单选题{{B}}Passage Three{{/B}} Back in Seattle, around the comer from the Discovery Institute, Stephen Meyer offers some peer-reviewed evidence that there truly is a controversy that must be taught. "The Darwinists are bluffing," he says over a plate of oysters at a downtown seafood restaurant. "They have the science of the steam engine era, and it's not keeping up with the biology of the information age." Meyer hands me a recent issue of Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews with an article by Carl Woese, an eminent microbiologist at the University of Illinois. In it, Woese decries the failure of reductionist biology—the tendency to look at systems as merely the stun of their parts—to keep up with the developments of molecular biology. Meyer says the conclusion of Woese's argument is that the Darwinian emperor has no clothes. It's a page out of the antievolution playbook: using evolutionary biology's own literature against it, selectively quoting from the likes of Stephen Jay Gould to illustrate natural selection's downfalls. The institute marshals journal articles discussing evolution to provide policymakers with evidence of the raging controversy surrounding the issue. Woese scoffs at Meyer's claim when I call to ask him about the paper. "To say that my criticism of Darwinists says that evolutionists have no clothes," Woese says, "is like saying that Einstein is criticizing Newton, therefore Newtonian physics is wrong." Debates about evolution's mechanisms, he continues, don't amount to challenges to the theory. And intelligent design "is not science. It makes no predictions and doesn't offer any explanation whatsoever, except for God did it." Of course Meyer happily acknowledges that Woese is an ardent evolutionist. The institute doesn't need to impress Woese or his peers; it can simply co-ocpt the vocabulary of science— "academic freedom," "scientific objectivity," "teach the controversy"—and redirect it to a public trying to reconcile what appear to be two contradictory scientific views. By appealing to a sense of fairness, ID finds a place at the political table, and by merely entering the debate it can claim victory. "We don't need to win every argument to be a success," Meyer says. "We're trying to validate a discussion that's been long suppressed." This is precisely what happened in Ohio. "I'm not a PhD in biology," says board member Michael Cochran. "But when I have X number of PhD experts telling me this, and X number telling me the opposite, the answer is probably somewhere between the two." An exasperated Krauss claims that a truly representative debate would have had 10,000 pro-evolution scientists against two Discovery executives. "What these people want is for there to be a debate," says Krauss. "People in the audience say, Hey, these people sound reasonable. They argue, 'People have different opinions, we should present those opinions in school.' That is nonsense. Some people have opinions that the Holocaust never happened, but we don't teach that in history." Eventually, the Ohio board approved a standard mandation that students learn to "describe how scientists continue to investigate and critically analyze aspects of evolutionary theory." Proclaiming victory, Johnson barnstormed Ohio churches soon after notifying congregations of a new, ID-friendly standard. In response, anxious board members added a clause stating that the standard "does not mandate the teaching or testing of intelligent design." Both sides claimed victory. A press release from IDNet trumpeted the mere inclusion of the phrase intelligent design, saying that "the implication of the statement is that the 'teaching of testing of intelligent design' is permitted." Some pro-evolution scientists, meanwhile, say there's nothing wrong with teaching students how to scrutinize theory. "I don't have a problem with that," says Patricia Princehouse, a professor at Case Western Reserve and an outspoken oppnent of ID. "Critical analysis is exactly what scientists do."

单选题We made plans for a visit, but ______ difficulties with ear prevented it.

单选题Today we'll discuss proposals ______ the improvement of quality. All other proposals will be left to the next meeting. A. similar to B. relevant to C. familiar with D. regarded as

单选题San Francisco ______ for its mild climate, beautiful environment and many tourist attractions, such as the Colden Gate Bridge and the Golden Gate Park.

单选题I was so bored with the verbose and redundant style of that writer that I welcomed the change to the ______ style of this author.

单选题As to the living environment, bacteria’s needs vary, but most of them grow best in a slightly acid ___________.

单选题After 1945 both A(America scholarship) and a resurgence of Marxist thought increasingly penetrated European sociology, B( which expanded )considerably. To a growing extent in both the United States and Western Europe, C( the three dominating figures) of Marx, Durkheim, and Weber were recognized as the preeminent classical thinkers of the sociological tradition. D(Their work continued) to influence contemporary sociologists.

单选题He believes that religion has the capacity to function as the "cement" holding all of a society's institutions together in a ______ whole.