单选题This new book has received several reviews since its publication; but none of them have made a just ______ of the book.

单选题{{B}}Passage Two{{/B}} Climatic conditions are delicately adjusted to the composition of the Earth's atmosphere. If there were a change in the atmosphere for example, in the relative proportions of atmosphere gases the climate would probably change also. A slight increase in water vapor, for instance, would increase the heat-retaining capacity of the atmosphere and would lead to a rise in global temperatures. In contrast, a large increase in water vapor would increase the thickness and extent of the cloud layer, reducing the amount of solar energy reaching the Earth's surface. The level of carbon dioxide, CO2, in the atmosphere has an important effect on climatic change. Most of the Earth's incoming energy is short wavelength radiation, which tends to pass through atmospheric CO2 easily. The Earth, however, reradiates much of the received energy as a long wavelength radiation, which CO2 absorbs and then remits toward the Earth. This phenomenon, known as the greenhouse effect, can result in an increase in the surface temperature of a planet. An extreme example of the effect is shown by the Venus, a planet covered by heavy clouds composed mostly of CO2, whose surface temperatures have been measured at 430℃. If the CO2 content of the atmosphere is reduced, the temperature falls. According to one respectable theory, if the atmospheric CO2 concentration were halved, the Earth would become completely covered with ice. Another equally respectable theory, however, states that a halving of the CO2 concentration would lead only to a reduction in global temperatures of 3℃. If, because of an increase in forest fires or volcanic activities, the CO2 content of the atmosphere increased, a warmer climate would be produced. Plant growth, which relies on both the warmth and the availability of CO2, would probably increase. As a consequence, plants would use more and more CO2. Eventually CO2 levels would diminish and the climate, in turn, would become cooler. With reduced temperatures many plants would die; CO2 would thereby be returned to the atmosphere and gradually the temperatures would rise again. Thus, if this process occurred, there might be a long-term oscillation in the amount of CO2 present in the atmosphere, with regular temperature increases and decreases of a set magnitude. Some climatologists argue that the burning of fossil fuels has raised the level of CO2 in the atmosphere and has caused a global temperature rise of at least 1℃. But a supposed global temperature rise of 1℃ may in reality be only several regional temperature increases, restricted to areas where there are many meteorological stations and caused simply by shifts in the pattern of atmospheric circulation. Other areas, for example, the Southern Hemisphere oceanic zone, may be experiencing an equivalent temperature decrease that is unrecognized because of the shortage of meteorological recording stations.

单选题That he failed to make any appreciable ______ to the cause at the time was due to his youth.

单选题{{B}}Part A{{/B}}There are three reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. In 1998 consumers could purchase virtually anything over the Internet. Books, compact discs, and even stocks were available from World Wide Web sites that seemed to spring up almost dally. A few years earlier, some people had predicted that consumers accustomed to shopping in stores would be reluctant to buy things that they could not see or touch in person. For a growing number of time-starved consumers, however, shopping from their home computer was proved to be a convenient alternative to driving to the store. A research estimated that in 1998 US consumers would purchase $ 7.3 billion of goods over the Internet, double the 1997 total. Finding a bargain was getting easier owing to the rise of online auctions and Web sites that did comparison shopping on the Internet for the best deal. For all the consumer interest, retailing in cyberspace was still a largely unprofitable business, however. Internet pioneer Amazon. com, which began selling books in 1995 and liter branched into recorded music and videos, posted revenue of $ 153.7 million in the third quarter, up from $ 37.9 million in the same period of 1997. Overall, however, the company's loss widened to $ 45.2 million from $ 9.6 million, and analysis did not expect the company to turn a profit until 2001. Despite the great loss, Amazon. com had a stock market value of many billions, reflecting investors' optimism about the future of the industry Internet retailing appealed to investors because it provided an efficient means for reaching millions of consumers without having the cost of operating conventional stores with their armies of salespeople. Selling online carried its own risks, however. With so many companies competing for consumers' attention, price competition was intense and profit margins thin or nonexistent. one video retailer sold the hit movie Titanic for $ 9. 99, undercutting (削价) the $ 19.99 suggested retail price and losing about $ 6 on each copy sold. With Internet retailing still in its initial stage, companies seemed willing to absorb such losses in an attempt to establish a dominant market position.

单选题The cultural change in British science over the past five years means that-additional funding is now more important than ever ______ it is no longer required.

单选题During recent years we have heard much about "race": how this race does certain things and that race believes certain things and so on. Yet, the【C1】______phenomenon of race consists of a few surface indications. We judge race usually【C2】______the coloring of the skin: a white race, a brown race, a yellow race and a black race. But【C3】______you were to remove the skin you could not【C4】______anything about the race to which the individual belonged. There is【C5】______in physical structure, the brain or the internal organs to【C6】______a difference. There are four types of blood.【C7】______types are found in every race, and no type is distinct to any race. Human brains are the【C8】______. No scientists could examine a brain and tell you the race to which the individual belonged. Brains will【C9】______in size, but this occurs within every race.【C10】______does size have anything to do with intelligence. The largest brain【C11】______examined belonged to a person of weak【C12】______On the other hand, some of our most distinguished people have had【C13】______brains. Mental tests which are reasonably【C14】______show no differences in intelligence between races. High and low test results both can be recorded by different members of any race.【C15】______equal educational advantages, there will be no difference in average standings, either on account of race or geographical location.

单选题The workers chose to______their dissatisfaction in a series of strikes.(复旦大学2011年试题)

单选题Most drugstores and big supermarkets have pharmacy(药房)department where the pharmacist will fill your______.

单选题At one time the Democratic Party was considered to be a party standing ______ state rights. A. up for B. by C. out D. back

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单选题The news item about the fire is followed by a detailed report made ______

单选题Throughout history man has had to accept the fact that all living things must die, but people now live longer than they (51) Yet, all living things still show the (52) of aging, which will eventually (53) death. Aging is not a disease, but as a person passes maturity, the cells of the body and the (54) they form do not function (55) they did in childhood and adolescence. The body provides less (56) against disease mad is more (57) accident. A number of related causes may (58) aging. Some cells of the body have a fairly long life, but they are not (59) when they, die. As a person ages, (60) of brain cells and muscle cells decreases. (61) body cells die and are replaced by new cells. In an aging person the (62) cells may not be as viable or as (63) growth as those of a young person. Another (64) in aging may be changes within the cells (65) Some of the protein chemicals in cells are known (66) with age and become less elastic. This is why the skin of old people (67) and hangs loose. This is also the reason old people (68) in height. There may be other more important chemical changes in the cells. Some complex cell chemicals, such as DNA and RNA, store and (69) information that the cells need. Aging may affect this (70) and change the information-carrying molecules so that they do not transmit the information as well.

单选题Mrs. Black finds that her piano has always had the magic power of taking her away from the grim realities of daily life and ________ her to fairyland of her own once she started to play.

单选题As with a human baby, you must be patient, ______, and understanding of your pet' s mistakes.(2003年上海交通大学考博试题)

单选题Many objects in daily use have clearly been influenced by science, but their form and function, their dimensions and appearance were determined by technologists, artisans, designers, inventors, and engineers using nonscientific modes of thought. Many features and qualities of the objects that a technologist thinks about can't be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions; they are dealt with in the mind by a visual, nonverbal process. In the development of Western technology, it has been nonverbal thinking, by and large, that has fixed the outlines and filled in the details, and rockets exist not because of geometry or thermodynamics, but because they were first a picture in the minds of those who built them. The creative shaping process of a technologist's mind can be seen in nearly every artifact that exists. For example, in designing a diesel engine, a technologist might impress individual ways of non-verbal thinking on the machine by continually using an intuitive sense of rightness and fitness. What would be the shape of the combustion chamber? Where should be the valves placed? Should it have a long or short piston? Such questions have a range of answers that are supplied by experience, by physical requirements, by limitations of available space, and not least by a sense of form. Some decisions, such as wall thickness and pin diameter, may depend on scientific calculations, but the nonscientific component of design remains primary. Design courses, then, should be an essential element in engineering curricula. Nonverbal thinking, a central mechanism in engineering design, involves perceptions, the stock-in-trade of the artist, not the scientist. Because perceptive processes are not assumed, to entail "hard thinking", nonverbal thought is sometimes seen as a primitive stage in the development of cognitive processes and inferior to verbal or mathematical thought. But it is paradoxical that when the staff of the Historic American Engineering Record wished to have drawings made of machines and isometric views of industrial processes for its historical record of American engineering, the only college students with the requisite abilities were not engineering students, but rather students attending architectural schools. If courses in design, which in a strongly analytical engineering curriculum provide the background required for practical problem-solving, are not provided, we can expect to en- counter silly but costly errors occurring in advanced engineering systems. For example, early models of high-speed railroad cars loaded with sophisticated controls were unable to operate in a snowstorm because a fan sucked snow into the electrical system. Absurd random failures that plague automatic control systems are not merely trivial aberrations; they are a reflection of the chaos that results when design is assumed to be primarily a problem in mathematics.

单选题The management's uncompromising position made negotiations with the Labor Union ______difficult. A. substantially B. frequently C. incredibly D. rationally

单选题 Surviviors of the shipwreck were finally rescued after their courage of persistence lowered to zero by their physical lassitude.

单选题Presently, there are nine teachers in my team, who have______the task of teaching advanced English to more than 500 non-English majors.

单选题I got a little______when I learned that the appointment with the general manager was changed to another time.(2011年南京师范大学考博试题)