单选题The ______ emphasis on exams is by far the worst form of competition in schools.

单选题______ all the members of the commission present here who are here tonight, I would like to thank Professor Clinton for his informative talk.

单选题Life is never just ______.

单选题She _______ some salt on her food to make it taste better.

单选题The professor gave ______ instruction to the whole class so as to make every student understand how to conduct the experiment in the lab.(2004年武汉大学考博试题)

单选题It is also because new technologies that have improved industrial productivity have made ______ and layoffs possible as well.

单选题I certainly got stuck when I bought this raincoat; every time I go out in the rain, it shrinks some more.

单选题Why did the writer cry eventually when she looked at the skirts again?

单选题The department is fortunate in having the most______ equipment with which to complete its research.

单选题 Astronaut Jim Voss has enjoyed many memorable moments in his career, including three space flights and one space walk. But he recalls with special fondness a decidedly earthbound (为地球引力所束缚的) experience in the summer of 1980, when he participated in the NASA-ASEE Summer Faculty Fellowship Program. Voss, then a science teacher at West Point, was assigned to the Marshall Space Flight Center's propulsion (推进) lab in Alabama to analyze why a hydraulic fuel pump seal on the space shuttle was working so well when previous seals had failed. It was a seemingly tiny problem among the vast complexities of running the space program. Yet it was important to NASA because any crack in the seal could have led to destructive results for the astronauts who relied on them. "I worked a bit with NASA engineers," says Voss, "but I did it mostly by analysis". I used a handheld calculator, not a computer, to do a thermodynamic(热力学的)analysis." At the end of the summer, he, like the other NASA-ASEE fellows working at Marshall, summarized his findings in a formal presentation and detailed paper. It was a valuable moment for Voss because the ASEE program gave him added understanding of NASA, deepened his desire to fly in space, and intensified his application for astronaut status." It was not an easy process. Voss was actually passed over when he first applied for the astronaut program in 1978. Over the next nine years he reapplied repeatedly, and was finally accepted in 1987. Since then he has participated in three space missions. The 50-year-old Army officer, who lives in Houston, is now in training for a four-month mission as a crew member on the International Space Station starting in July 2000. Voss says the ASEE program is wonderful for all involved. "It brings in people from the academic world and gives NASA a special property for a particular period of time. It brings some fresh eyes and fresh ideas to NASA, and establishes a link with our colleges and universities," Voss explains. "There's an exchange of information and an exchange of perspectives that is very important." For the academic side, Voss says, the ASEE program also "brings institutions of higher learning more insight into new technology. We give them an opportunity to work on real-world problems and take it back to the classroom".

单选题Movies are often held up as either the paragons or pariahs of our society at large; towering achievements on the one hand and endless ______ on the other. A. wallows B. accomplishments C. awards D. extravagance

单选题Cardiologists divide us into two types, according to how our personality affects our heart. Type A individuals are highly competitive, innately hostile, fast eating and rapid talking, whilst B types drown in the milk of human kindness and are sublimely indifferent to the passage of time. It is an uncomfortable fact that A"s die twice as frequently from heart disease as B"s even when the risks of cigarettes, alcohol and cream buns are taken into account. Personality is to a large extent genetically endowed—A-type parents usually beget A-type offspring. But the environment must also have a profound effect, since if competition is important to the parents, it is likely to become a major factor in the lives of their children. One place where children soak up A traits is school, which is, by its very nature, a highly competitive institution. Too many schools adopt the "win at all costs" ethic and measure their success by sporting achievements. The current mania for making Children compete against their peers or against the clock produces a two-tier system, in which competitive A types seem in some way better than their B type fellows. Addiction to winning can have dangerous consequences: remember that Pheidippides, the first marathon runner, dropped dead seconds after croaking: "Rejoice, we conquer!" By far the worst form of competition in schools is the disproportionate emphasis on examinations. It is a rare school that allows pupils to concentrate on those things they do well. The merits of competition by examination are dubious enough, but competition in the certain knowledge of failure is positively harmful. Obviously, it is neither practical nor desirable that all A youngsters change into B"s. The world needs both types, and schools have an important duty to try to fit a child"s personality to his possible future employment. It is a fallacy, for instance, that people successful in business are full of competitive zeal; there are many B types in top management. If the preoccupation of schools with academic work was lessened, more time might be spent teaching children surer values. Perhaps selection for the earing professions, especially medicine could be made less by good grades in chemistry and more by such considerations as sensitivity, altruism and compassion. It is surely a mistake to choose our doctors exclusively from A type stock. B"s are important and should be encouraged.

单选题So much of modern fiction in the United States is autobiographical, and so much of the autobiography fictionalized, that the______sometimes seem largely interchangeable.

单选题The public attitude towards immoral business decisions is generally ______.

单选题Darkness approached and a cold, angry wind gnawed at the tent like a mad dog. Camped above treeline in the Wind River Mountains of Wyoming, the torrents of air were not unexpected and only a minor disturbance compared to the bestial gnawing going on behind my belly button. In an attempt to limit exposure of my bare bottom to the ice-toothed storm, I had pre-dug a haft dozen catholes within dashing distance. Over and over, through the long night, the same scenario was repeated: out of the bay, out of the tent, rush, squat, rush back. "Everyone can master a grief," wrote Shakespeare, "but he that has it." Diarrhea, the modem word, resembles the old Greek expression for "a flowing through." Ancient Egyptian doctors left descriptions of the suffering of Pharaohs scratched on papyrus even before Hippocrates, the old Greek, gave it a name few people can spell correctly. An equal opportunity affliction, diarrhea has laid low kings and common men, women, and children for at least as long as historians have recorded such fascinating trivia. It wiped out, almost, more soldiers in America's Civil War than guns and swords. In the developing world today, acute diarrhea strikes more than one billion humans every year, and leaves more than five million dead, usually the very young. Diarrhea remains one of the two most common medical complaints of humanity. "Frequent passage of unformed watery bowel movements," as described by Taver's Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary, diarrhea falls into two broad types: invasive and non-invasive. From bacterial sources, invasive diarrhea, sometimes called "dysentery," attacks the lower intestinal wall causing inflammation, abscesses, and ulcers that may lead to mucus and blood (often "black blood" from the action of digestive juices) in the stools, high fever, "stomach" crams from the depths of hell, and significant amounts of body fluid rushing from the patient's nether region. Serious debilitation, even death, can occur from the resulting dehydration and from the spread of the bacteria to other parts of the body. Non-invasive diarrheas grow from colonies of microscopic evil-doers that set up housekeeping on, but do not invade, intestinal walls. Toxins released by the colonies cause cramps, nausea, vomiting, and massive gushes of fluid from the patient's lower intestinal tract. Non-invasive diarrhea carries a high risk for dehydration.

单选题{{B}}Passage 4{{/B}} When a member of an ethnic minority group acquires the behavior patterns, lifestyles, values, and language of the mainstream culture we say that he or she has become culturally assimilated. Since the dominant group controls most of the social, economic, and political institutions in a society, members of ethnic minority groups must acquire its cultural traits to move up the social and economic ladder. When studying this concept, it is important to learn that although non-White ethnic minorities may become totally assimilated culturally, they will still be victims of discrimination and racism because of their different physical characteristics. A widespread myth is that Mexican Americans and Afro-Americans experience discrimination because they often have meager educations and live in {{B}}ghettos{{/B}}. Even though it is true that many Blacks and Mexican Americans are members of the lower socioeconomic classes, and that all lower-class individuals are treated differently than middle-and upper-class people, it is also true that Blacks and Chicanos with high educations and incomes frequently experience discrimination because of their color. Since American racism is based largely on skin color, no degree of cultural assimilation eliminates it. Some discussion of forced assimilation and cultural genocide should take place when students study cultural assimilation. Assimilation often occurs when a minority group "voluntarily" acquires the behavior patterns and lifestyles of dominant group to attain social mobility and occupational success. I use the word voluntarily here somewhat reluctantly because without some degree of cultural assimilation, a group that is very different culturally may not be able to survive in a particular culture. However, in the history of the United States, some forms of cultural assimilation that took place were totally nonvoluntary and might be called forced assimilation because the cultures of certain groups were deliberately destroyed (cultural genocide). These groups were forced to acquire the language, lifestyles, and values of the dominant culture. Individuals and groups who refused to accept the dominant culture were sometimes the victims of severe punishments, such as death. The cultures of African groups were deliberately destroyed by the slave masters. This cultural destruction began on the slave ships. It seems that systematic and deliberate attempts were made to destroy Indian cultures. These efforts were highly successful since many of the cultural elements of these groups now exist only in the pages of history, and sometimes not even there since they were often destroyed before they could be recorded.

单选题Although he was not caught cheating on the exam, the feeling of guilt ______ over and over again.

单选题4 Engineering students are supposed to be examples of practicality and rationality, but when it comes to my college education, I am an idealist and a fool. In high school I wanted to be an electrical engineer and, of course, any sensible student with my aims would have chosen a college with a large engineering department, famous reputation and lot of good labs and research equipment. But that's not what I did. I chose to study engineering at a smalI liberal-arts university that doesn't even offer a major in electrical engineering. Obviously, this was not a practical choice; I came here for more noble reasons. I Wanted a broad education that would provide me with flexibility and a value system to guide me in my career. I wanted to open my eyes and expand my vision by interacting with people who weren't studying science or engineering. My parents, teachers and other adults praised me for such a sensible choice. They told me I was wise and mature beyond my 18 years, and I believed them. I headed off to college, feeling sure I was going to have an advantage over those students who went to big engineering "factories" where they didn't care if you had values or were flexible. I was going to be a complete engineer., technical genius and sensitive hu manist all in one. Now I'm not so sure. Somewhere along the way my noble ideals crashed into reality, as all noble ideals eventually do. After three years of struggling to balance math, physics and engineering courses with liberal arts courses, I have learned there are reasons why few engineering students try to reconcile engineering with liberal arts courses in college. The reality that has blocked my path to become the typical successful student is that engineering and the liberal arts simply don't mix as easily as I assumed in high school. Individually they shape a person in very different ways; together they threaten to confuse. The struggle to reconcile the two fields of study is difficult.